&gt; No, I don&#39;t want to use **ncurses**, because I want to learn how the
&gt; terminal works and have fun programming it on my own. :) It doesn&#39;t
&gt; have to be portable, it has to work on linux xterm-based terminal emulators only.

What I want to do is programming an interactive terminal application like htop and vim are. What I mean is not the output of characters which look like boxes or setting colors, this is trivial; also to make the content fit to the window size. What I need is

 1. how to get **mouse interactions** like clicking on a character and scrolling the mouse wheel (when the mouse is at a specific character) to implement scrolling [**EDIT: in a terminal emulator of course**], and

 1. how to completely **save and restore** the output of the parent process and seperate my printing from its output, so after leaving my application nothing but the command I entered in the shell should be there, like when running htop and quitting it again: nothing is visible from this application anymore.

I really don&#39;t want to use ncurses. But of course, if you know which part of ncurses is responsible for these tasks, you&#39;re welcome to tell me where in the source code I can find it, so I will study it.

Writing a &quot;real&quot; interactive terminal program like vim, htop, ... in C/C++ without ncurses

When I typed multiline in coffeescript interactive mode, an error occrured.

For example, I want to try the following code:

    kids =
      brother:
        name: &quot;Max&quot;
        age:  11
      sister:
        name: &quot;Ida&quot;
        age:  9

This Error was displayed:

    coffee&gt; kids = 
    Error: In repl, Parse error on line 1: Unexpected &#39;TERMINATOR&#39;
      at Object.parseError (/usr/lib/coffeescript/parser.js:463:11)
      at Object.parse (/usr/lib/coffeescript/parser.js:533:22)
      at /usr/lib/coffeescript/coffee-script.js:26:22
      at Object.eval (/usr/lib/coffeescript/coffee-script.js:64:17)
      at Interface.&lt;anonymous&gt; (/usr/lib/coffeescript/repl.js:18:26)
      at Interface.emit (events:27:15)
      at Interface._ttyWrite (readline:309:12)
      at Interface.write (readline:147:30)
      at Stream.&lt;anonymous&gt; (/usr/lib/coffeescript/repl.js:35:17)
      at Stream.emit (events:27:15)


I tried to use &#39;\&#39; as a newline,but the same error was displayed.

    coffee&gt; kids = \
    Error: In repl, Parse error on line 1: Unexpected &#39;\&#39;
      at Object.parseError (/usr/lib/coffeescript/parser.js:463:11)
      at Object.parse (/usr/lib/coffeescript/parser.js:533:22)
      at /usr/lib/coffeescript/coffee-script.js:26:22
      at Object.eval (/usr/lib/coffeescript/coffee-script.js:64:17)
      at Interface.&lt;anonymous&gt; (/usr/lib/coffeescript/repl.js:18:26)
      at Interface.emit (events:27:15)
      at Interface._ttyWrite (readline:309:12)
      at Interface.write (readline:147:30)
      at Stream.&lt;anonymous&gt; (/usr/lib/coffeescript/repl.js:35:17)
      at Stream.emit (events:27:15)


I can&#39;t use multiline, so I can&#39;t use indentation.

What should I do?

My environment is the following:

 - OS: Ubuntu 10.04 lucid
 
 - coffeescript version 1.0.0
   I installed coffeescript with PPA and apt-get command.

see this url: https://launchpad.net/~gezakovacs/+archive/coffeescript



I can&#39;t write multiline codes in Coffeescript Interactive Mode(REPL)

I have `d1=&quot;11&quot;` and `d2=&quot;07&quot;`. I want to convert `d1` and `d2` to integers and perform `d1-d2`. How do I do this in UNIX?

`d1 - d2` currently returns `&quot;11-07&quot;` as result for me.

How to convert string to integer in UNIX

How can I start an interactive console for Perl, similar to the `irb` command for Ruby or `python` for Python?

How can I start an interactive console for Perl?

I have a program that interacts with the user (acts like a shell), and I want to run it using the Python subprocess module interactively.
That means, I want the possibility to write to standard input and immediately get the output from standard output. I tried many solutions offered here, but none of them seems to work for my needs.

The code I&#39;ve written is based on *https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11457931/running-an-interactive-command-from-within-python*.

    import Queue
    import threading
    import subprocess
    def enqueue_output(out, queue):
        for line in iter(out.readline, b&#39;&#39;):
            queue.put(line)
        out.close()

    def getOutput(outQueue):
        outStr = &#39;&#39;
        try:
            while True: # Adds output from the queue until it is empty
                outStr += outQueue.get_nowait()

        except Queue.Empty:
            return outStr

    p = subprocess.Popen(&quot;./a.out&quot;, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, bufsize = 1)
    #p = subprocess.Popen(&quot;./a.out&quot;, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=False, universal_newlines=True)

    outQueue = Queue()
    errQueue = Queue()

    outThread = Thread(target=enqueue_output, args=(p.stdout, outQueue))
    errThread = Thread(target=enqueue_output, args=(p.stderr, errQueue))

    outThread.daemon = True
    errThread.daemon = True

    outThread.start()
    errThread.start()

    p.stdin.write(&quot;1\n&quot;)
    p.stdin.flush()
    errors = getOutput(errQueue)
    output = getOutput(outQueue)

    p.stdin.write(&quot;5\n&quot;)
    p.stdin.flush()
    erros = getOutput(errQueue)
    output = getOutput(outQueue)

The problem is that the queue remains empty, as if there is no output.
Only if I write to standard input all the input that the program needs to execute and terminate, then I get the output (which is not what I want). For example, if I do something like:

    p.stdin.write(&quot;1\n5\n&quot;)
    errors = getOutput(errQueue)
    output = getOutput(outQueue)

Is there a way to do what I want to do?

&lt;hr/&gt;

The script will run on a Linux machine. I changed my script and deleted the universal_newlines=True + set the bufsize to 1 and flushed standard input immediately after write. Still I don&#39;t get any output.

**Second try:**

I tried this solution and it works for me:

    from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

    fw = open(&quot;tmpout&quot;, &quot;wb&quot;)
    fr = open(&quot;tmpout&quot;, &quot;r&quot;)
    p = Popen(&quot;./a.out&quot;, stdin = PIPE, stdout = fw, stderr = fw, bufsize = 1)
    p.stdin.write(&quot;1\n&quot;)
    out = fr.read()
    p.stdin.write(&quot;5\n&quot;)
    out = fr.read()
    fw.close()
    fr.close()


Interactive input/output using Python

Scenario: An interactive CLI Python program, that is in need for a password. That means also, there&#39;s no GUI solution possible.

In bash I could get a password read in without re-prompting it on screen via

    read -s

Is there something similar for Python? I.e.,

    password = raw_input(&#39;Password: &#39;, dont_print_statement_back_to_screen)

Alternative: Replace the typed characters with &#39;*&#39; before sending them back to screen (aka browser&#39; style).

Read password from stdin

I have a bash script that employs the `read` command to read arguments to commands interactively, for example yes/no options. Is there a way to call this script in a non-interactive script passing default option values as arguments?

It&#39;s not just one option that I have to pass to the interactive script.

Passing arguments to an interactive program non-interactively

I&#39;m trying to squash a range of commits - HEAD to HEAD~3.  Is there a quick way to do this, or do I need to use rebase --interactive?

Is there a way to squash a number of commits non-interactively?

Is there a way to programmatically force a Python script to drop into a REPL at an arbitrary point in its execution, even if the script was launched from the command line?

I&#39;m writing a quick and dirty plotting program, which I want to read data from stdin or a file, plot it, and then drop into the REPL to allow for the plot to be customized.

How to drop into REPL (Read, Eval, Print, Loop) from Python code

I&#39;m trying to use `git add --interactive` to selectively add some changes to my index, but I continually receive the &quot;Your edited hunk does not apply. Edit again...&quot; message.  I get this message even if I choose the e option, and immediately save/close my editor.  In other words, without editing the hunk at all, the patch doesn&#39;t apply.

Here&#39;s the exact example I&#39;m using (I&#39;m trying to put together a small demo):

Original file:

    first change
    second change off branch
    third change off branch
    second change
    third change
    fourth change

New file:

    Change supporting feature 1
    first change
    second change off branch
    third change off branch
    second change
    third change
    fourth change
    bug fix 1
    change supporting feature 1

I&#39;m trying to show how to use `git add --interactive` to only add the &quot;bug fix 1&quot; line to the index.  Running interactive add on the file, I choose the patch mode.  It presents me with 

    diff --git a/newfile b/newfile
    index 6d501a3..8b81ae9 100644
    --- a/newfile
    +++ b/newfile
    @@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
    +Change supporting feature 1
     first change
     second change off branch
     third change off branch
     second change
     third change
     fourth change
    +bug fix 1
    +change supporting feature 1

I respond with split, followed by &quot;no&quot; to apply the first hunk.  The second hunk, I try to edit.  I originally tried deleting the bottom line - that didn&#39;t work.  Leaving the hunk alone completely doesn&#39;t work either, and I can&#39;t figure out why.

git add --interactive &quot;Your edited hunk does not apply&quot;

Is there any way to start an interactive shell in a container using Docker Compose only? I&#39;ve tried something like this, in my docker-compose.yml:

    myapp:
      image: alpine:latest
      entrypoint: /bin/sh

When I start this container using docker-compose up it&#39;s exited immediately. Are there any flags I can add to the `entrypoint` command, or as an additional option to `myapp`, to start an interactive shell?

I know there are native docker command options to achieve this, just curious if it&#39;s possible using only Docker Compose, too.

Interactive shell using Docker Compose

Suppose I&#39;m using R&#39;s interactive console, and I&#39;ve just done something like this:

    long_running_command()

That long-running command returns a value, and I&#39;ve just realized that I wanted to assign that value to a variable instead of discard it. So how can I get that value without running the command again? Is there a command like this?

    result = get_last_return_value()



How to assign the result of the previous expression to a variable?

I am looking for general purpose programming languages that

 - have an interactive (live coding) prompt
 - work in 32 KB of RAM by itself or 8 KB when the compiler is hosted on a separate machine
 - run on a microcontroller with as little as 8-32 KB RAM total (without an MMU).

Below is my list so far, what am I missing?

 - **Python**: The [PyMite VM][3] needs 64K flash, 8K RAM.  Targets LPC, SAM7 and ATmegas with 8K or more. Hosted.
 - **Lua**: The [eLua][4] FAQ recommends 256K flash, 64K RAM.
 - **FORTH**: [amforth][2] needs 8K flash, 150 bytes RAM, 30 bytes EEPROM on an ATmega.
 - **Scheme**: [armpit Scheme][1] The smallest target is the LPC2103 with 32K Flash, 4K SRAM.
 - **C**: [Interactive C][5] runs on 68HC11 with no flash and 32K SRAM.  Hosted.
 - **C**: [picoc][10] an open source, cross-compiling, interactive C system.  When compiled for AVR, it takes 63K flash, 8K RAM.  The RAM could be reduced with effort to keep tables in flash.
 - **C++**: [AngelScript][11] an open source, byte-code based, C/C++ like scripting language with easy native calls.
 - **Tcl**: [TinyTCL][6] runs on DOS, 60K binary.  Looks easy to port.
 - **BASIC**: [TinyBasic][7]: Initializes with a 64K heap, might be adjustable.
 - **Lisp**
 - **PostScript**: (I haven&#39;t found a FOSS implementation for low memory yet)
 - **Shell**: [bitlash][8]: An interactive command shell for Arduino (ATmega).  See also [AVRSH][9].

  [1]: http://armpit.sourceforge.net/
  [2]: http://amforth.sourceforge.net/
  [3]: http://www.pythononachip.org
  [4]: http://www.eluaproject.net
  [5]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_C
  [6]: http://tinytcl.sourceforge.net/
  [7]: http://www.ittybittycomputers.com/IttyBitty/TinyBasic/index.htm
  [8]: http://bitlash.net/
  [9]: http://www.instructables.com/id/AVRSH-A-Command-Interpreter-Shell-for-ArduinoAVR/
  [10]: http://code.google.com/p/picoc/
  [11]: http://www.angelcode.com/angelscript/

What are the available interactive languages that run in tiny memory?

I used **matplotlib** to create some plot, which depends on 8 variables. I would like to study how the plot changes when I change some of them. I created some script that calls the **matplotlib** one and generates different snapshots that later I convert into a movie, it is not bad, but a bit clumsy. 

1. I wonder if somehow I could interact with the plot regeneration using keyboard keys to increase / decrease values of some of the variables and see instantly how the plot changes. 

2. What is the best approach for this? 

3. Also if you can point me to interesting links or a link with a plot example with just two sliders?

Interactive matplotlib plot with two sliders

Normally you can execute a Python script for example: `python myscript.py`, but if you are in the interactive mode, how is it possible to execute a Python script on the filesystem?

    &gt;&gt;&gt; exec(File) ???

It should be possible to execute the script more than one time. 



Is there a possibility to execute a Python script while being in interactive mode

I&#39;m running my Python program and have a point where it would be useful to jump in and see what&#39;s going on, and then step out again. Sort of like a temporary console mode.

In Matlab, I&#39;d use the [`keyboard`][1] command to do this, but I&#39;m not sure what the command is in python.

Is there a way to do this?

For instance:

    for thing in set_of_things:
        enter_interactive_mode_here()
        do_stuff_to(thing)

When `enter_interactive_mode()` calls, I&#39;d like to go there, look around, and then leave and have the program continue running.


  [1]: http://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/keyboard.html

Enter Interactive Mode In Python

In a Python script, is there any way to tell if the interpreter is in interactive mode? This would be useful so that, for instance, when you run an interactive Python session and import a module, slightly different code is executed (for example, logging is turned off).

I&#39;ve looked at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/640389/tell-whether-python-is-in-i-mode and tried the code there, however, that function only returns true if Python has been invoked with the -i flag and not when the command used to invoke interactive mode is `python` with no arguments.

What I mean is something like this:

    if __name__==&quot;__main__&quot;:
        #do stuff
    elif __pythonIsInteractive__:
        #do other stuff
    else:
        exit()

Tell if Python is in interactive mode

I&#39;m looking for an interactive graphing library for Python. 

By &quot;[graph][1]&quot;, I meant a set of nodes connected by a set of vertices (not a plot of values over x-y axis, nor a grid of pixels).

By &quot;interactive&quot;, I meant I can drag-and-drop the nodes around and I need to be able to click on the nodes/vertices and have the library pass the nodes/vertices to my callbacks, which may add/remove nodes/vertices or display information (I cannot load the full graph at startup as the dataset is too large/complex; instead I&#39;ll be loading only the necessary slices of data depending on user inputs).

By Python, I meant the programming language [Python][2], the graphing library should have CPython binding. I have Python 2.7 and Python 3.1, but can downgrade to 2.6 if necessary. This language requirement is because the dataset I&#39;m working with only have Python binding.

The graphing library must support [directed graph](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_graph) and be able to layout the nodes automatically. I need to put labels on the nodes.

Preferably, the layouting algorithm should place adjacent nodes near each other. It should be able to handle from 100-1000 nodes and about 300-4000 vertices reasonably in my 4 year old laptop (I typically start with around 100 nodes, but the number might expand depending on user input). Preferably it should be a library with not too many dependencies (except perhaps for Gnome). Open source is preferred.

I have already written a simple prototype of my program using Tkinter Canvas, but I need a more serious graphing library to expand the program. I&#39;ve looked at graphviz and matplotlib, but apparently they&#39;re only for working with static graphs and apparently would need significant amount of work to do interactive manipulations (correct me if I&#39;m wrong, I&#39;ve only looked at them briefly). I&#39;ve also tried generating the graph to an SVG file and using Inkscape to view it, but it&#39;s too slow and takes too much memory and because of the sheer number of vertices it becomes a tangled mess.


  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_%28mathematics%29
  [2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_%28programming_language%29

Is there an interactive graphing library for python

I wanted to have a simple solution to squash two merge commits together during an interactive rebase.

My repository looks like:

       X --- Y --------- M1 -------- M2 (my-feature)
      /                 /           /
     /                 /           /
    a --- b --- c --- d --- e --- f (stable)


That is, I have a `my-feature` branch that has been merged twice recently, with no real commits in between. I don&#39;t just want to rebase the `my-feature` branch since it is a published branch of its own, I just want to squash together the last two merge commits into one (haven&#39;t published those commits yet)

       X --- Y ---- M (my-feature)
      /            /
     /            /
    a --- ... -- f (stable)

I tried:

    git rebase -p -i M1^

But I got:

    Refusing to squash a merge: M2

What I finally did is:

    git checkout my-feature
    git reset --soft HEAD^  # remove the last commit (M2) but keep the changes in the index
    git commit -m toto      # redo the commit M2, this time it is not a merge commit
    git rebase -p -i M1^    # do the rebase and squash the last commit
    git diff M2 HEAD        # test the commits are the same

Now, the new merge commit is not considered a merge commit anymore (it only kept the first parent). So:

    git reset --soft HEAD^               # get ready to modify the commit
    git stash                            # put away the index
    git merge -s ours --no-commit stable # regenerate merge information (the second parent)
    git stash apply                      # get the index back with the real merge in it
    git commit -a                        # commit your merge
    git diff M2 HEAD                     # test that you have the same commit again

But this can get complicated if I have many commits, do you have a better solution ?
Thanks.


Mildred

git rebase interactive: squash merge commits together

when I write Python code from the interpreter I can type `dir()` to have a list of names defined in the current scope. How can achieve to have the same information, programmatically, when I develop Javascript code from a browser using an interactive console like firebug, chrome console, etc?


All Interactive Solutions on Gang of Coders

Total of 20 Interactive Solutions

Writing a "real" interactive terminal program like vim, htop, ... in C/C++ without ncurses

I can't write multiline codes in Coffeescript Interactive Mode(REPL)