The issue here is that importing files with the [hyphen-minus][1] (the default keyboard key &lt;kbd&gt;-&lt;/kbd&gt;; `U+002D`) in their name doesn&#39;t work since it represents minus signs in Python. So, if you had your own module you wanted to import, it shouldn&#39;t have a hyphen in its name:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; import test-1
      File &quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;, line 1
        import test-1
                   ^
    SyntaxError: invalid syntax
    &gt;&gt;&gt; import test_1
    &gt;&gt;&gt;

Larger programs tend to be logically separated into many different modules, hence the quote

&gt; the name with the hyphen limits our ability to write larger and more sophisticated programs.


  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyphen-minus

From that very document (p.368, Section 30.2 &#39;Module Definition&#39;):

&gt; Note that a module name must be a valid Python name... A module&#39;s name is limited to letters, digits and &quot;_&quot;s.

My code:

    axis.Date(1,sites$date, origin=&quot;1970-01-01&quot;)

Error:

&gt;Error in as.Date.numeric(x) : &#39;origin&#39; must be supplied

Why is it asking me for the origin when I supplied it in the above code?

R dates &quot;origin&quot; must be supplied

In a given event handler (not the &quot;shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation&quot; method) how do I detect the current iPad orientation?  I have a text field I have to animate up (when keyboard appears) in the Landscape view, but not in the portrait view and want to know which orientation I&#39;m in to see if the animation is necessary.

Get current orientation of iPad?

From [Building Skills in Python][1]:

&gt; A file name like `exercise_1.py` is better than the name `exercise-1.py`. We can run both programs equally well from the command line, but the name with the hyphen limits our ability to write larger and more sophisticated programs.

Why is this?


  [1]: http://homepage.mac.com/s_lott/books/python/BuildingSkillsinPython.pdf

Why are underscores better than hyphens for file names?

From <a href="http://homepage.mac.com/s_lott/books/python/BuildingSkillsinPython.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Building Skills in Python</a>:
> A file name like <code>exercise_1.py</code> is better than the name <code>exercise-1.py</code>. We can run both programs equally well from the command line, but the name with the hyphen limits our ability to write larger and more sophisticated programs.
Why is this?

I&#39;m trying this code:

    import sqlite
    
    connection = sqlite.connect(&#39;cache.db&#39;)
    cur = connection.cursor()
    cur.execute(&#39;&#39;&#39;create table item
      (id integer primary key, itemno text unique,
            scancode text, descr text, price real)&#39;&#39;&#39;)
    
    connection.commit()
    cur.close()

I&#39;m catching this exception:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File &quot;cache_storage.py&quot;, line 7, in &lt;module&gt;
        scancode text, descr text, price real)&#39;&#39;&#39;)
      File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/sqlite/main.py&quot;, line 237, in execute
        self.con._begin()
      File &quot;/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/sqlite/main.py&quot;, line 503, in _begin
        self.db.execute(&quot;BEGIN&quot;)
    _sqlite.OperationalError: database is locked

Permissions for cache.db are ok. Any ideas?

Python SQLite: database is locked

I&#39;m writing a slideshow program with Tkinter, but I don&#39;t know how to change the background color to black instead of the standard light gray. How can this be done?

    import os, sys
    import Tkinter
    import Image, ImageTk
    import time
    
    root = Tkinter.Tk()
    w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
    root.overrideredirect(1)
    root.geometry(&quot;%dx%d+0+0&quot; % (w, h))
    root.focus_set()
    root.bind(&quot;&lt;Escape&gt;&quot;, lambda e: e.widget.quit())
    image = Image.open(image_path+f)
    tkpi = ImageTk.PhotoImage(image)        
    label_image = Tkinter.Label(root, image=tkpi)
    label_image.place(x=0,y=0,width=w,height=h)
    root.mainloop(0)

Background color for Tk in Python

Given a string &quot;VAR=value&quot; I want to split it (only) at the **first** &#39;=&#39; sign (&lt; value &gt; may contain more &#39;=&#39; signs), something like this:

    var, sep, value = &quot;VAR=value&quot;.partition(&#39;=&#39;)

Is there a way to NOT declare a variable &#39;sep&#39;? Like this (just made up the syntax):

    var, -, value = &quot;VAR=value&quot;.partition(&#39;=&#39;)

Just for completeness, I&#39;m targetting Python v 2.6

Python - is there a &quot;don&#39;t care&quot; symbol for tuple assignments?

I&#39;m trying to port a program which uses a hand-rolled interpolator (developed by a mathematician colleage) over to use the interpolators provided by scipy. I&#39;d like to use or wrap the scipy interpolator so that it has as close as possible behavior to the old interpolator.

A key difference between the two functions is that in our original interpolator - if the input value is above or below the input range, our original interpolator will extrapolate the result. If you try this with the scipy interpolator it raises a `ValueError`. Consider this program as an example:

    import numpy as np
    from scipy import interpolate

    x = np.arange(0,10)
    y = np.exp(-x/3.0)
    f = interpolate.interp1d(x, y)

    print f(9)
    print f(11) # Causes ValueError, because it&#39;s greater than max(x)

Is there a sensible way to make it so that instead of crashing, the final line will simply do a linear extrapolate, continuing the gradients defined by the first and last two points to infinity. 

Note, that in the real software I&#39;m not actually using the exp function - that&#39;s here for illustration only!



How to make scipy.interpolate give an extrapolated result beyond the input range?

Is it possible to get the original variable name of a variable passed to a function? E.g.

    foobar = &quot;foo&quot;

    def func(var):
        print var.origname

So that:
    
    func(foobar)

Returns:

`&gt;&gt;foobar`

**EDIT:**

All I was trying to do was make a function like:

    def log(soup):
    	f = open(varname+&#39;.html&#39;, &#39;w&#39;)
    	print &gt;&gt;f, soup.prettify()
    	f.close()

.. and have the function generate the filename from the name of the variable passed to it.

I suppose if it&#39;s not possible I&#39;ll just have to pass the variable and the variable&#39;s name as a string each time.

How to get the original variable name of variable passed to a function

I am trying to set Apache environment variables (for use in PHP) with the `[E=VAR:VAL]` flag on RewriteRule rules in an .htaccess file.

I have already discovered the variables are accessed in PHP as server variables `$_SERVER` rather than `$_ENV` (which makes a certain amount of sense). However, my problem is for some rules the `[E=VAR:VAL]` flag works as expected and I end up with a variable `$_SERVER[&#39;VAR&#39;]` but for other rules I end with a variable `$_SERVER[&#39;REDIRECT_VAR&#39;]` or `$_SERVER[&#39;REDIRECT_REDIRECT_VAR&#39;]`, etc

A. What causes an environment variable set in Apache using the `[E=VAR:VAL]` flag to get renamed by having &quot;REDIRECT_&quot; prepended to the variable name?

B. What can I do to make sure I end up with an Environment Variable with an unchanged name so I can access it in PHP as `$_SERVER[&#39;VAR&#39;]` without having to resort to checking for variations of the variable name having one of more instances of &quot;REDIRECT_&quot; prepended to it?

*Partial solution found*. Adding the following to the start of the rewrite rules recreates the original ENV:VAR on each redirect (as well as leaving the REDIRECT_VAR versions there) if they&#39;re needed:
 
    RewriteCond %{ENV:REDIRECT_VAR} !^$
    RewriteRule .* - [E=VAR:%{ENV:REDIRECT_VAR}]



When setting environment variables in Apache RewriteRule directives, what causes the variable name to be prefixed with &quot;REDIRECT_&quot;?

Which characters are illegal within a branch name?

Is &quot;URL slug&quot; a completely arbitrary word? Or does it stand for something? I used the word in a conversation with someone and when they asked me why it&#39;s called that I realized I didn&#39;t know.

I know what it means of course.

The Stack Overflow [tag for `[slug]`](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/slug) currently defines it as:

 &gt; part of a URL that makes it more human readable or SEO-friendly, but without necessarily being required by the web server.

and [WordPress.org defines it](https://wordpress.org/support/article/glossary/#slug) as:

 &gt; A slug is a few words that describe a post or a page. Slugs are usually a URL friendly version of the post title (which has been automatically generated by WordPress), but a slug can be anything you like. Slugs are meant to be used with permalinks as they help describe what the content at the URL is.

So - does the word &quot;slug&quot; in a URL have an actual meaning behind it? What is the etymology or meaning of a URL slug?

What is the etymology of &#39;slug&#39; in a URL?

&gt; **Possible Duplicates:**  
&gt; [*.h or *.hpp for your class definitions](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/152555/h-or-hpp-for-your-class-definitions)  
&gt; [Correct C++ code file extension? .cc vs .cpp](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1545080/correct-c-code-file-extension-cc-vs-cpp)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

I used to think that it used to be that:

 * `.h` files are header files for C and C++, and usually only contain declarations.
 * `.c` files are C source code.
 * `.cpp` files are C++ source code (which can also be C source code).

then files like `.hpp`, `.cc`, and `.cxx` came along, and I got totally confused... what&#39;s the difference(s) between those? When do you use the &quot;new&quot; ones?

.c vs .cc vs. .cpp vs .hpp vs .h vs .cxx

For the &quot;Hello World&quot; example in [**android.com**][1], the package name is    
`&quot;package com.example.helloandroid;&quot;`

Is there any guideline/standard to name this package? (references would be nice)



  [1]: http://developer.android.com/resources/tutorials/hello-world.html

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	atp	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Daniel G	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	ire_and_curses	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Why are underscores better than hyphens for file names?

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

Get current orientation of iPad?

R dates "origin" must be supplied

Attributions