Try this:

    -keep class javax.** { *; }
    -keep class org.** { *; }
    -keep class twitter4j.** { *; }

Cf post from @CaspNZ:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6870773/android-proguard-with-external-jar/6870844#6870844

You should be able to add to the proguard.cfg the following lines to exclude all classes within a package (and subpackages)

    -keep class org.apache.commons.codec.binary.**
    -keep interface org.apache.commons.codec.binary.**
    -keep enum org.apache.commons.codec.binary.**
    -keep class org.slf4j.**
    -keep interface org.slf4j.**
    -keep enum org.slf4j.**
    -keep class com.sun.syndication.io.**
    -keep interface com.sun.syndication.io.**
    -keep enum com.sun.syndication.io.**
    -keep class com.sun.syndication.feed.synd.**
    -keep interface com.sun.syndication.feed.synd.**
    -keep enum com.sun.syndication.feed.synd.**

I&#39;d like to add that you should sync your project with Gradle files after adding proguard rules, otherwise they may not work.

If i have declared entity relationship in my model as virtual then there is no need to use the `Include` statement in my LINQ query, right ??-

For ex: This is my model class :

    public class Brand
    {
        public int BrandID { get; set; }
        public string BrandName { get; set; }
        public string BrandDesc { get; set; }
        public string BrandUrl { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection&lt;Product&gt; Products { get; set; }
    }


Now, for the above model class, i dont need to use the `var brandsAndProduct = pe.Brands.Include(&quot;Products&quot;).Single(brand =&gt; brand.BrandID == 22);` . 

Instead, I can just use the simple `var brandsAndProduct = pe.Brands.Where(brand =&gt; brand.BrandID == 22);` and i will automatically have the related entity available when accessed.

Am I correct in my understanding ?

Also, please tell me in what situations i should prefer one over the other ?? 


Entity Framework 4.1 Virtual Properties

I want to split a text with comma `,` not space ` ` in `for foo in list`. Suppose I have a CSV file `CSV_File` with following text inside it:

    Hello,World,Questions,Answers,bash shell,script
    ...

I used following code to split it into several words:

    for word in $(cat CSV_File | sed -n 1&#39;p&#39; | tr &#39;,&#39; &#39;\n&#39;)
    do echo $word
    done

It prints:

    Hello
    World
    Questions
    Answers
    bash
    shell
    script


But I want it to split the text by commas not spaces:

    Hello
    World
    Questions
    Answers
    bash shell
    script

How can I achieve this in bash?

How to split a list by comma not space

I want to use Proguard mainly for obfuscation reasons.

My problem is that I have three libraries, Twitter4J and two signpost libraries. These libraries caused errors when I tried to create an signed APK.  To get over this I put the following in the `proguard.config` file...

    -dontwarn org.apache.commons.codec.binary.** 
    -dontwarn org.slf4j.** 
    -dontwarn com.sun.syndication.io.**
    -dontwarn com.sun.syndication.feed.synd.*   

While this got rid of the errors in the console, when i loaded my signed APK onto my mobile phone it instantly crashed.  The DDMS said this was due to a class not found in Twitter4J.   


Getting rid of the `&quot;dontwarns&quot;` above did not help.  Neither did adding `dontshrink  dontoptimise`.


I would  like Proguard to completely ignore the libraries (as they are open source anyway).  Is this possible?



How to make Proguard ignore external libraries?

I want to use Proguard mainly for obfuscation reasons.
My problem is that I have three libraries, Twitter4J and two signpost libraries. These libraries caused errors when I tried to create an signed APK. To get over this I put the following in the <code>proguard.config</code> file...
<pre><code class="hljs language-diff">-dontwarn org.apache.commons.codec.binary.** 
-dontwarn org.slf4j.** 
-dontwarn com.sun.syndication.io.**
-dontwarn com.sun.syndication.feed.synd.* 
</code></pre>
While this got rid of the errors in the console, when i loaded my signed APK onto my mobile phone it instantly crashed. The DDMS said this was due to a class not found in Twitter4J.
Getting rid of the <code>"dontwarns"</code> above did not help. Neither did adding <code>dontshrink dontoptimise</code>.
I would like Proguard to completely ignore the libraries (as they are open source anyway). Is this possible?

I&#39;m trying to use Fragment with a `ViewPager` using the `FragmentPagerAdapter`.
What I&#39;m looking for to achieve is to replace a fragment, positioned on the first page of the `ViewPager`, with another one.

The pager is composed of two pages. The first one is the `FirstPagerFragment`, the second one is the `SecondPagerFragment`. Clicking on a button of the first page. I&#39;d like to replace the `FirstPagerFragment` with the NextFragment.

There is my code below.

    public class FragmentPagerActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    	
    	static final int NUM_ITEMS = 2;
    
    	MyAdapter mAdapter;
    	ViewPager mPager;
    
    	@Override
    	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    		setContentView(R.layout.fragment_pager);
    
    		mAdapter = new MyAdapter(getSupportFragmentManager());
    
    		mPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.pager);
    		mPager.setAdapter(mAdapter);
    		
    	}
    	
    	
    	/**
    	 * Pager Adapter
    	 */
    	public static class MyAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter {
    		public MyAdapter(FragmentManager fm) {
    			super(fm);
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public int getCount() {
    			return NUM_ITEMS;
    		}
    
    		@Override
    		public Fragment getItem(int position) {
    			
    			if(position == 0) {
    				return FirstPageFragment.newInstance();
    			} else {
    				return SecondPageFragment.newInstance();
    			}
    		
    		}
    	}
    	
    	
    	/**
    	 * Second Page FRAGMENT
    	 */
    	public static class SecondPageFragment extends Fragment {
    		
    		public static SecondPageFragment newInstance() {
    	        SecondPageFragment f = new SecondPageFragment();
    	        return f;
    	    }
    
    		@Override
    		public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    			//Log.d(&quot;DEBUG&quot;, &quot;onCreateView&quot;);
    			return inflater.inflate(R.layout.second, container, false);
    			
    		}
    	}
    	
    	/**
    	 * FIRST PAGE FRAGMENT
    	 */
    	public static class FirstPageFragment extends Fragment {
    		
    		Button button;
    		
    		public static FirstPageFragment newInstance() {
    	        FirstPageFragment f = new FirstPageFragment();
    	        return f;
    	    }
    
    		@Override
    		public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    			//Log.d(&quot;DEBUG&quot;, &quot;onCreateView&quot;);
    			View root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.first, container, false);
    			button = (Button) root.findViewById(R.id.button);
    			button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
    
    				@Override
    				public void onClick(View v) {
    					FragmentTransaction trans = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
                                        trans.replace(R.id.first_fragment_root_id, NextFragment.newInstance());
    					trans.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_OPEN);
    					trans.addToBackStack(null);
    					trans.commit();
    					
    				}
    				
    			});
    			
    			return root;
    		}
    
            /**
    	 * Next Page FRAGMENT in the First Page
    	 */
    	public static class NextFragment extends Fragment {
    		
    		public static NextFragment newInstance() {
    	        NextFragment f = new NextFragment();
    	        return f;
    	    }
    
    		@Override
    		public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    			//Log.d(&quot;DEBUG&quot;, &quot;onCreateView&quot;);
    			return inflater.inflate(R.layout.next, container, false);
    			
    		}
    	}
    }

**...and here the xml files**

`fragment_pager.xml`

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;LinearLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
            android:orientation=&quot;vertical&quot; android:padding=&quot;4dip&quot;
            android:gravity=&quot;center_horizontal&quot;
            android:layout_width=&quot;match_parent&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;match_parent&quot;&gt;
    
        &lt;android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
                android:id=&quot;@+id/pager&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;match_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;match_parent&quot;
                android:layout_weight=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
        &lt;/android.support.v4.view.ViewPager&gt;
    
    &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

`first.xml`

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;LinearLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
      android:id=&quot;@+id/first_fragment_root_id&quot;
      android:orientation=&quot;vertical&quot;
      android:layout_width=&quot;match_parent&quot;
      android:layout_height=&quot;match_parent&quot;&gt;
      
      &lt;Button android:id=&quot;@+id/button&quot;
         android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
         android:text=&quot;to next&quot;/&gt;
      
    &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

Now the problem... which ID should I use in

    trans.replace(R.id.first_fragment_root_id, NextFragment.newInstance());

?

If I use `R.id.first_fragment_root_id`, the replacement works, but Hierarchy Viewer shows a strange behavior, as below.

At the beginning the situation is
![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/29u9S.png)

after the replacement the situation is
![](http://i.stack.imgur.com/6iMYc.png)

As you can see there is something wrong, I expect to find the same state shown as in the first picture after I replace the fragment.

Replace Fragment inside a ViewPager

I am having a strange problem using findViewById(id). It comes back with resource not found even though the resource is definitely there. It is a textview in a layout next to another textview, one of the textviews I can find by id but the other shows resource not found. Is there any reason this might be happening?

Android resource not found exception?

I have a custom view that draws a scrollable bitmap to the screen. In order to initialize it, i need to pass in the size in pixels of the parent layout object. But during the onCreate and onResume functions, the Layout has not been drawn yet, and so layout.getMeasuredHeight() returns 0. 

As a workaround, i have added a handler to wait one second and then measure. This works, but its sloppy, and I have no idea how much i can trim the time before I end up before the layout gets drawn. 

What I want to know is, how can I detect when a layout gets drawn? Is there an event or callback?

How can you tell when a layout has been drawn?

How to get the millisecond time from date? I have the following code. 

    Date beginupd = new Date(cursor1.getLong(1));

This variable beginupd contains the format 

&gt; Wed Oct 12 11:55:03 GMT+05:30 2011

Now how to convert this format to the millisecond time in Long datatype?
Any help is highly appreciated and thanks in advance...

How to convert date format to milliseconds?

I create a RadioGroup from XML


		&lt;RadioGroup android:id=&quot;@+id/option&quot; 
			android:layout_width=&quot;match_parent&quot;
			android:orientation=&quot;horizontal&quot; 
			android:checkedButton=&quot;@+id/block_scenario_off&quot;
			android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;&gt;
			&lt;RadioButton 
				android:layout_width=&quot;0dip&quot;
				android:layout_weight=&quot;1&quot; 
				android:text=&quot;@string/option1&quot; 
				android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot; 
				android:id=&quot;@+id/option1&quot;
				android:layout_gravity=&quot;center|left&quot; 
				android:onClick=&quot;@string/on_click&quot;/&gt;
			&lt;RadioButton 
				android:layout_width=&quot;0dip&quot;
				android:layout_weight=&quot;1&quot; 
				android:text=&quot;@string/option2&quot; 
				android:onClick=&quot;@string/on_click&quot;
				android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
				android:layout_gravity=&quot;center&quot; 
				android:id=&quot;@+id/option2&quot;/&gt;
			&lt;RadioButton 
				android:layout_width=&quot;0dip&quot;
				android:layout_weight=&quot;1&quot; 
				android:text=&quot;@string/option3&quot;
				android:onClick=&quot;@string/on_click&quot; 
				android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
				android:layout_gravity=&quot;center|right&quot; 
				android:id=&quot;@+id/option3&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;/RadioGroup&gt;

In Java code, I programmatically check the first one on activity creation (onCreate()) as following:

		mOption = (RadioGroup) findViewById(R.id.option);
		mOption.check(R.id.option1);

But when the activity is shown, no radio button is checked. Any help?

RadioGroup: How to check programmatically

I am developing a **payment processing app** for Android, and I want to prevent a hacker from accessing any resources, assets or source code from the [APK][1] file.

If someone changes the .apk extension to .zip then they can unzip it and easily access all the app&#39;s resources and assets, and using [dex2jar][2] and a Java decompiler, they can also access the source code. It&#39;s very easy to reverse engineer an Android APK file - for more details see Stack Overflow question *[Reverse engineering from an APK file to a project][3]*.

I have used the Proguard tool provided with the Android SDK. When I reverse engineer an APK file generated using a signed keystore and Proguard, I get obfuscated code. 

However, the names of Android components remain unchanged and some code, like key-values used in the app, remains unchanged. As per Proguard documentation the tool can&#39;t obfuscate components mentioned in the Manifest file.

Now my questions are:

 1. How can I **completely prevent** reverse engineering of an Android APK? Is this possible?
 2. How can I protect all the app&#39;s resources, assets and source code so that hackers can&#39;t hack the APK file in any way?
 3. **Is there a way to make hacking more tough or even impossible?** What more can I do to protect the source code in my APK file?

  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APK_%28file_format%29
  [2]: http://code.google.com/p/dex2jar/wiki/Faq
  [3]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12732882/reverse-engineering-from-apk-to-project



How to avoid reverse engineering of an APK file

My android program has a `class A`, which has two `static inner class`. They are found to be stripped from `.dex` after applying proguard.


    public class A{

      ...
      static class B{
        ...
      }

      static class C{
        ...
      }
    }

I have put the following lines in proguard.flags, but seem no luck. 

    -keep class com.xxx.A
    -keep class com.xxx.A$*

Any hint?



Android proguard, keep inner class

Most app developers will integrate some third party libraries into their apps. If it&#39;s to access a service, such as Dropbox or YouTube, or for logging crashes. The number of third party libraries and services is staggering. Most of those libraries and services are integrated by somehow authenticating with the service, most of the time, this happens through an API key. For security purposes, services usually generate a public and private, often also referred to as secret, key. Unfortunately, in order to connect to the services, this private key must be used to authenticate and hence, probably be part of the application. 
Needless to say, that this faces in immense security problem. Public and private API keys can be extracted from APKs in a matter of minutes and can easily be automated. 

Assuming I have something similar to this, how can I protect the secret key:


    public class DropboxService  {
    
    	private final static String APP_KEY = &quot;jk433g34hg3&quot;;
    	private final static String APP_SECRET = &quot;987dwdqwdqw90&quot;;
    	private final static AccessType ACCESS_TYPE = AccessType.DROPBOX;
    
    	// SOME MORE CODE HERE
    	
    }

What is in your opinion the best and most secure way to store the private key? Obfuscation, encryption, what do you think?

Best practice for storing and protecting private API keys in applications

I have my class `ClassMultiPoint` with subclasses.

    public class ClassMultiPoints
     {
       public String message;
       public List&lt;ClassPoints&gt; data;

       public class ClassPoints
        {
          public String id;
          public List&lt;ClassPoint&gt; points;
          public class ClassPoint
           {
             public String speed;
             public String bearing;
           }
        }
     }


I will get value of object `oPoints` from parse `GSON`:

`oPoints = gson.fromJson( jsonString, ClassMultiPoints.class);`

I try use `oPoints.message`.

When I run my application without `proguard` app run success.
When I run my app with `proguard` my app crash.

I think problem is: `proguard` rename attribute `&#39;oPoints.message&#39;` of my class to short `&#39;a&#39;`. 

I try keep the names of the methods and attributes is constant, but `proguard` rename its:

`proguard.cfg:`

    -injars      bin/classes
    -injars      libs
    -outjars     bin/classes-processed.jar
    -dontpreverify
    -repackageclasses &#39;&#39;
    -allowaccessmodification
    -optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic
    -keepattributes *Annotation*
    -dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
    -optimizationpasses 5
    -printmapping map.txt
    -flattenpackagehierarchy
    
    -keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
    -keep public class * extends android.app.Application
    -keep public class * extends android.app.MapActivity
    -keep public class * extends android.app.Service
    -keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
    -keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
    
    -libraryjars  libs/commons-io-2.2.jar
    -libraryjars  libs/ftp4j-1.7.1.jar
    -libraryjars  libs/gson-2.2.2.jar
    
    -keep public class org.apache.commons.io.**
    -keep public class it.sauronsoftware.ftp4j.**
    -keep public class com.google.gson.**
    
    -keep public class com.mypackagename.ActivityMonitor$*
    
    -keep public class * extends android.view.View {
        public &lt;init&gt;(android.content.Context);
        public &lt;init&gt;(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
        public &lt;init&gt;(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
        public void set*(...);
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        public &lt;init&gt;(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
    }
    
    -keepclasseswithmembers class * {
        public &lt;init&gt;(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
    }
    
    -keepclassmembers class * extends android.content.Context {
       public void *(android.view.View);
       public void *(android.view.MenuItem);
    }
    
    -keepclassmembers class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
        static android.os.Parcelable$Creator CREATOR;
    }
    
    -keepclassmembers class **.R$* {
        public static &lt;fields&gt;;
    }
    
What is right way to keep names of the methods and attributes of the my one (static) class?

Prevent class member name obfuscation by ProGuard

My project implements a `TypeAdapter` in `Gson` during serialization/deserialization for preserving object&#39;s polymorphism state. Anyhow, the project works fine during development tests, but when it is released with **proguard obfuscation** and tested, it just crashes.

    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): java.lang.AssertionError
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapters$EnumTypeAdapter.&lt;init&gt;(SourceFile:724)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.internal.bind.TypeAdapters$26.create(SourceFile:753)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.Gson.getAdapter(SourceFile:353)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory$1.&lt;init&gt;(SourceFile:82)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.createBoundField(SourceFile:81)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.getBoundFields(SourceFile:118)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.internal.bind.ReflectiveTypeAdapterFactory.create(SourceFile:72)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.Gson.getAdapter(SourceFile:353)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.Gson.toJson(SourceFile:578)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.Gson.toJsonTree(SourceFile:479)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.Gson.toJsonTree(SourceFile:458)
    03-21 10:06:53.632: E/AndroidRuntime(12441): 	at com.google.gson.Gson$3.serialize(SourceFile:137)

My Gson specific proguard configuration is:

    ##---------------Begin: proguard configuration for Gson  ----------
    # Gson uses generic type information stored in a class file when working with fields. Proguard
    # removes such information by default, so configure it to keep all of it.
    -keepattributes Signature
    
    # For using GSON @Expose annotation
    -keepattributes *Annotation*
    
    # Gson specific classes
    -keep class sun.misc.Unsafe { *; }
    #-keep class com.google.gson.stream.** { *; }
    
    # Application classes that will be serialized/deserialized over Gson
    -keep class com.google.gson.examples.android.model.** { *; }
    
    #This is extra - added by me to exclude gson obfuscation
    -keep class com.google.gson.** { *; }
    
    ##---------------End: proguard configuration for Gson  ----------


The **TypeAdapter** I&#39;m using is:

    public final class GsonWorkshiftAdapter implements JsonSerializer&lt;IWorkshift&gt;, JsonDeserializer&lt;IWorkshift&gt; {
    	private static final String CLASSNAME = &quot;CLASSNAME&quot;;
    	private static final String INSTANCE  = &quot;INSTANCE&quot;;
    	
    	@Override
    	public JsonElement serialize(IWorkshift src, Type typeOfSrc, JsonSerializationContext context) {
    	    String className = src.getClass().getCanonicalName();
    	    JsonElement elem = context.serialize(src);
    	    
    	    JsonObject retValue = new JsonObject();
    	    retValue.addProperty(CLASSNAME, className);
    	    retValue.add(INSTANCE, elem);
    	    
    	    return retValue;
    	}
    	
    	@Override
    	public IWorkshift deserialize(JsonElement json, Type typeOfT, JsonDeserializationContext context) throws JsonParseException {
    		JsonObject jsonObject =  json.getAsJsonObject();
    	    JsonPrimitive prim = (JsonPrimitive) jsonObject.get(CLASSNAME);
    	    String className = prim.getAsString();
    
    	    Class&lt;?&gt; klass = null;
    	    try { klass = Class.forName(className); }
    	    catch (ClassNotFoundException e) { throw new JsonParseException(e.getMessage()); }
    	    
    	    return context.deserialize(jsonObject.get(INSTANCE), klass);
    	}
    }


I did a lot of search on this error specific to Gson, but couldn&#39;t find any helpful answer. However I found [another question][1] with the similar issue.

Any help from developer&#39;s community would be appreciated.


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15483686/using-proguard-with-gson-and-roboguice-fails-when-using-a-enumtypeadapter

AssertionError in Gson EnumTypeAdapter when using Proguard Obfuscation

I&#39;ve just refactored an app into a framework library and an application, but now when I try and start the app in the emulator I get the following error stack trace:


    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate activity ComponentInfo{com.matthewrathbone.eastersays/com.matthewrathbone.eastersays.EasterSimonSaysActivity}: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.matthewrathbone.eastersays.EasterSimonSaysActivity in loader dalvik.system.PathClassLoader[/data/app/com.matthewrathbone.eastersays-1.apk]
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2585)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2679)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2300(ActivityThread.java:125)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2033)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.matthewrathbone.eastersays.EasterSimonSaysActivity in loader dalvik.system.PathClassLoader[/data/app/com.matthewrathbone.eastersays-1.apk]
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at dalvik.system.PathClassLoader.findClass(PathClassLoader.java:243)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:573)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:532)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.Instrumentation.newActivity(Instrumentation.java:1021)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2577)
    06-02 18:22:35.529: E/AndroidRuntime(586): 	... 11 more

Usually this means that the manifest file is wrong in some way, but I&#39;ve double checked everything I can think of.


Here is my activity class:

    package com.matthewrathbone.eastersays;
    
    import android.os.Bundle;
    
    import com.rathboma.simonsays.Assets.Season;
    import com.rathboma.simonsays.SeasonPicker;
    import com.rathboma.simonsays.SimonSaysActivity;
    
        public class EasterSimonSaysActivity extends SimonSaysActivity {
        
          @Override
          protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          }
        
          @Override
          protected void onDestroy() {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            super.onDestroy();
          }
        
          @Override
          public SeasonPicker getSeasonPicker() {
           return new SeasonPicker(){
            @Override
            public Season getSeason() {
              // TODO Auto-generated method stub
              return Season.EASTER;
            }
           };
          }
        }

As you can see, it&#39;s listed correctly in the manifest:

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;manifest xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
        package=&quot;com.matthewrathbone.eastersays&quot;
        android:versionCode=&quot;1&quot;
        android:versionName=&quot;1.0&quot; &gt;
    
        &lt;uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=&quot;7&quot; android:targetSdkVersion=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;
    
        &lt;application
            android:icon=&quot;@drawable/ic_launcher&quot;
            android:label=&quot;@string/app_name&quot; &gt;
            &lt;activity
                android:name=&quot;.EasterSimonSaysActivity&quot;
                android:label=&quot;@string/app_name&quot; &gt;
                &lt;intent-filter&gt;
                    &lt;action android:name=&quot;android.intent.action.MAIN&quot; /&gt;
    
                    &lt;category android:name=&quot;android.intent.category.LAUNCHER&quot; /&gt;
                &lt;/intent-filter&gt;
            &lt;/activity&gt;
        &lt;/application&gt;
    
    &lt;/manifest&gt;

I have no idea how to fix this, and would appreciate any help. I&#39;ve scanned many similar questions on SO without seeing this particular behavior.

More info:

 - I&#39;ve checked inside the generated APK and the class has an entry in
   the classes.dex file 
 - I&#39;ve tried cleaning/building the project in
   eclipse 
 - I&#39;ve tried using a totally new device image that doesn&#39;t have
   a copy of the APK on it already 
 - I&#39;ve changed the library project into
   a regular java, then changed back into an android project, no
   difference
 - Adding the abstract SimonSaysActivity to the manifest makes no difference.
 - I&#39;ve tried making every dependency an android library project, and syncing the android version that they require, it did not help

Found the solution (see below). To everyone that posted an answer / comment: You all rock, thanks for helping me work through the problems!

Looks like this is introduced by an SDK tools upgrade. Thanks to @Nick below in the comments for this link:
http://iqadd.com/item/noclassdeffounderror-adt-fix

Android Activity ClassNotFoundException - tried everything

How do I add a library project (such as Sherlock ABS) to [Android Studio][1]? 

(Not to the old ADT Eclipse-based bundle, but to the new [Android Studio][1].)

  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_Studio


How do I add a library project to Android Studio?

I have to create a library that I am going to export to the client in a jar file. Is there any way to create a jar with the resources in it?

The Google adMob have such a jar, which includes resource file such as R$layout.class in it.
[This page][1] describes some way to do that but I am not able to understand exactly how am I supposed to import the library project to an application using the method above.


  [1]: http://tools.android.com/recent/dealingwithdependenciesinandroidprojects

How to create jar for Android Library Project

I have a sample project, with the following setup:

    /root
      + Pure Java Lib
      + Android Test Lib
      + Android Test Project

Where the &#39;*Test Project*&#39; is dependent on the &#39;*Test Lib*&#39;, and the last depends on the &#39;*Pure Java Lib*&#39;
**Compiling the project and launching this setup works just fine.**

I&#39;m now thinking about importing my previous Eclipse workspace and work with Android studio, the problem is the project setup is different, and I would like to keep it this way.

for example if to use the previous example:

    /root
      + Android Test Lib
      + Android Test Project
    
    /Some Other folder (another repository for example)
      + Pure Java Lib

I&#39;ve tried many configurations, but I didn&#39;t find a way to reference a project outside the scope of the parent folder (&#39;*root*&#39; in the example case).

In many platforms/modules you can use the &#39;..&#39; to move up in the folders but this didn&#39;t work for me, perhaps I&#39;ve used it wrong.

Does anyone know how this can be achieved with Gradle?


**UPDATE**

I&#39;ll try to be more generic:

    /C:/

      /Project A
        + Module 1 - Pure Java
        + Module 2 - Android Test Lib
        + Module 3 - Android Test Project

      /Project B
        + Module 1 - Pure Java
        + Module 2 - Pure Java
        + Module 3 - Pure Java

I would like to use Module 1 of **project B**, **in project A**.

----

**UPDATE: 09-03-19**

I saw this now and I must update... after almost 6 years, today I am wiser, and I can definitely say the problem was me misunderstanding the concept of &quot;Source of truth&quot;.

While having one ref to a library is a nice to have concept.. and may seem like the a &quot;Source of truth&quot;, the REAL &quot;Source of truth&quot; would be the version of the code each project is using of that library, cause the library by itself has versions.. many versions an the &quot;Source of truth&quot; is relative to the project which is using the library.

The correct way would be to use what most developers do not like, and that is git submodules, and yes duplicate the sources in each project cause most chances each project uses a different version of the code.

You would need however to aim for all of your projects to use the latest and greatest version of all your libraries.. which is a challenge by itself

The reason this is the right way to develop a project with library sources is that this scales... you can have hundreds of project each with its own library configuration. 




Android studio add external project to build.gradle

How can I convert an existing Android project into an Android library project in Android Studio? [In Eclipse, that is possible.](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2959820/convert-existing-project-into-android-project-in-eclipse)

Actually, I want to convert an old Android project into an Android library project so that I can use existing code of that Android project to build a new Android project with minor changes in Android Studio.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Mel	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Android	Murphy	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Android	Nic Strong	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Android	urgentx	View Answer on Stackoverflow

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