You are probably looking for `info sources`. `info functions` could also be helpful.

Don&#39;t forget you can do things like type `break` and then just press tab, which will list all relevant functions.


I am using [`sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression`](http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression.html) in `scikit learn` to run a Logistic Regression.

    C : float, optional (default=1.0) Inverse of regularization strength;
        must be a positive float. Like in support vector machines, smaller
        values specify stronger regularization.

What does `C` mean here in simple terms please? What is regularization strength?

What is the inverse of regularization strength in Logistic Regression? How should it affect my code?

I&#39;m trying to detect files with a list of extensions.

    ext = [&quot;.3g2&quot;, &quot;.3gp&quot;, &quot;.asf&quot;, &quot;.asx&quot;, &quot;.avi&quot;, &quot;.flv&quot;, \
                            &quot;.m2ts&quot;, &quot;.mkv&quot;, &quot;.mov&quot;, &quot;.mp4&quot;, &quot;.mpg&quot;, &quot;.mpeg&quot;, \
                            &quot;.rm&quot;, &quot;.swf&quot;, &quot;.vob&quot;, &quot;.wmv&quot;]
    if file.endswith(ext): # how to use the list ?
       command 1
    elif file.endswith(&quot;&quot;): # it should be a folder
       command 2
    elif file.endswith(&quot;.other&quot;): # not a video, not a folder
       command 3

Use endswith with multiple extensions

New to the project, have multiple source files used for compilation and some &quot;could&quot; be dynamic libraries, loaded at runtime. When debugging the executable using &quot;GDB&quot;, is there a command to list all the source files (static) used to build the executable. Once I have all the source files, it&#39;s easy for me to set breakpoints, list functions etc. I couldn&#39;t find a command to do it in GDB (I&#39;m sure there should be one). In DDD (gui based gdb), there is a Menu: File-&gt;List, which lists all the source files used and static libraries used for building the executable. Unfortunately, for command line based debugger (GDB), I couldnt find an equivalent command.

GDB: How to list all source files used for compilation

<p>New to the project, have multiple source files used for compilation and some "could" be dynamic libraries, loaded at runtime. When debugging the executable using "GDB", is there a command to list all the source files (static) used to build the executable. Once I have all the source files, it's easy for me to set breakpoints, list functions etc. I couldn't find a command to do it in GDB (I'm sure there should be one). In DDD (gui based gdb), there is a Menu: File->List, which lists all the source files used and static libraries used for building the executable. Unfortunately, for command line based debugger (GDB), I couldnt find an equivalent command.</p>


Is it possible to step backwards through executed code in a debug session?

For example I step over a method called `abc()` expecting to get `12` but after re-checking the value returned I notice it&#39;s `5` instead of `12`. How can I step back to where I was before and step into the method to see what is going on?  I know you can do this in visual studio but I can&#39;t find how to do this in intelliJ.  

How to step one step back in IntelliJ?

I am developing an application, and everytime I run it, I get the message:

&gt; Unfortunately, MyApp has stopped.

What can I do to solve this?

&lt;hr/&gt;

*About this question - obviously inspired by https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3988788/what-is-a-stack-trace-and-how-can-i-use-it-to-debug-my-application-errors, there are lots of questions stating that their application has crashed, without any further detail. This question aims to instruct novice Android programmers on how to try and fix their problems themselves, or ask the right questions.*

Unfortunately MyApp has stopped. How can I solve this?

Is there anyway to simulate the `[NSString stringWithFormat:@&quot;%p&quot;, myVar]`, from Objective-C, in the new Swift language?

For example:

    let str = &quot;A String&quot;
    println(&quot; str value \(str) has address: ?&quot;)


Printing a variable memory address in swift

My copy of VS2013 Ultimate compiles this code for 60+ seconds:

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            double dichotomy = Dichotomy(
                d =&gt;
                {
                    try
                    {
                        int size = (int) d;
                        byte[] b = new byte[size];
                        return -b.Length;
                    }
                    catch (Exception)
                    {
                        return 0;
                    }
                },
                0,
                int.MaxValue,
                1);

            Console.WriteLine(dichotomy);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }

        private static double Dichotomy(
            Func&lt;double, double&gt; func,
            double a,
            double b,
            double epsilon)
        {
            double delta = epsilon / 10;
            while (b - a &gt;= epsilon)
            {
                double middle = (a + b) / 2;
                double lambda = middle - delta, mu = middle + delta;
                if (func(lambda) &lt; func(mu))
                    b = mu;
                else
                    a = lambda;
            }
            return (a + b) / 2;
        }
    }

But if I replace `double` with `int`, it compiles immediately. How can be it explained...?

Visual studio long compilation when replacing int with double

My `Spring Boot` webapp is running just fine, and I&#39;d like to debug it through Eclipse.

So when launching my Remote Java Application debugger, which port should I listen to? And is there a setting on my webapp I have to set to enable debugging?

How to debug Spring Boot application with Eclipse?

Those who use Visual Studio will be familiar with the &lt;kbd&gt;Shift&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;F11&lt;/kbd&gt; [hotkey][1], which steps out of a function, meaning it continues execution of the current function until it returns to its caller, at which point it stops.

Is there an equivalent in GDB?

  [1]: https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/zainnab/2010/10/29/step-out-of-or-over-a-method/



Step out of current function with GDB

I want to automatise _gdb_, and waiting for the user input is undesirable. How to disable the message `&quot;Type &lt;return&gt; to continue, or q &lt;return&gt; to quit&quot;` in _gdb_?

How to disable &quot;Type &lt;return&gt; to continue, or q &lt;return&gt; to quit&quot; in gdb?

what have i done wrong (or didn&#39;t do) that `gdb` is not working properly for me?

    root@6be3d60ab7c6:/# cat minimal.c 
    int main()
    {
      int i = 1337;
      return 0;
    }
    root@6be3d60ab7c6:/# gcc -g minimal.c -o minimal
    root@6be3d60ab7c6:/# gdb minimal
    GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.7.1-0ubuntu5~14.04.2) 7.7.1
    .
    .
    .
    Reading symbols from minimal...done.
    (gdb) break main
    Breakpoint 1 at 0x4004f1: file minimal.c, line 3.
    (gdb) run
    Starting program: /minimal 
    warning: Error disabling address space randomization: Operation not permitted
    During startup program exited normally.
    (gdb) 
    (gdb) print i   
    No symbol &quot;i&quot; in current context.



warning: Error disabling address space randomization: Operation not permitted

The standard (low-cost) way to program ARM microcontrollers is using Eclipse with a complex toolchain plugged into it. Eclipse has definitely its merits, but I&#39;d like to feel independent from this IDE. I&#39;d like to discover what happens behind the scenes when I build (compile - link - flash) my software, and when I run a debug session. To get such deeper understanding, it would be wonderful to run the whole procedure from the command line.

Note: I&#39;m using 64-bit Windows 10. But most stuff explained here also applies on Linux systems. Please open all the command terminals with admin rights. This can save you lots of problems.

**1. Building the software**

The first &#39;mission&#39; is accomplished. I am now able to compile and link my software into a binary `.bin` and a `.elf` image through the command line. The key to success was finding out where Eclipse puts its make-files for a specific project. Once you know where they are, all you&#39;ve got to do is opening a command terminal, and type the `GNU make` command.

[![enter image description here][1]][1]

You don&#39;t need Eclipse anymore for that! Especially if you can read (and understand) the makefile and tweak it to your needs when your project advances.

Note that I found the GNU tools (compiler, linker, make utility, GDB, ...) in the following folder, after installing SW4STM32 (System Workbench for STM32):

    C:\Ac6\SystemWorkbench\plugins\fr.ac6.mcu.externaltools.arm-none.win32_1.7.0.201602121829\tools\compiler\

Next I made a new folder on my harddrive and copied all these GNU tools into it:

    C:\Apps\AC6GCC
               |-&gt; arm-none-eabi
               |-&gt; bin
               &#39;-&gt; lib

And I add these entries to the &quot;Environment Path variable&quot;:

     - C:\Apps\AC6GCC\bin
     - C:\Apps\AC6GCC\lib\gcc\arm-none-eabi\5.2.1

Huray, now I got all the GNU tools up and running on my system! I put the following `build.bat` file in the same folder as the `makefile`:

    @echo off
    echo.
    echo.&quot;--------------------------------&quot;
    echo.&quot;-           BUILD              -&quot;
    echo.&quot;--------------------------------&quot;
    echo.
    
    make -j8 -f makefile all
    
    echo.

Running this bat-file should do the job! If all goes well, you get one `.bin` and one `.elf` binary file as the result of the compilation.

**2. Flashing and debugging the firmware**

The natural following step is flashing the firmware to the chip and start a debug session. In Eclipse it&#39;s just one &#39;click on a button&#39; - at least if Eclipse is configured correctly for your microcontroller. But what happens behind the scenes?
I&#39;ve read (part of) the Master Thesis from Dominic Rath - the developer of OpenOCD. You can find it here: http://openocd.net/ . This is what I learned:

- Eclipse starts the OpenOCD software when you click the &#39;debug&#39; icon. Eclipse also provides some configuration files to OpenOCD - such that OpenOCD knows how to connect to your microcontroller. &#39;How to connect&#39; is not a trivial thing. OpenOCD needs to find the proper USB driver to connect to the JTAG adapter (for example STLink). Both the JTAG adapter and its USB driver are usually delivered by your chip manufacturer (for example STMicroelectronics). Eclipse also hands over a configuration file to OpenOCD that describes the specifications of the microcontroller. Once OpenOCD knows about all these things, it can make a reliable JTAG connection to the target device.

- OpenOCD starts two servers. The first one is a Telnet server on TCP port 4444. It gives access to the OpenOCD CLI (Command Line Interface). A Telnet client can connect and send commands to OpenOCD. Those commands can be a simple &#39;stop&#39;, &#39;run&#39;, &#39;set breakpoint&#39;, ... 

- Such commands could be sufficient for debugging your microcontroller, but many people were already familiar with the Gnu Debugger (GDB). This is why OpenOCD also starts a GDB server on TCP port 3333. A GDB client can connect to that port, and start debugging the microcontroller!

- The Gnu Debugger is a command line software. Many people prefer a visual interface. That is exactly what Eclipse does. Eclipse starts a GDB client that connects to OpenOCD - but that is all hidden to the user. Eclipse provides a graphical interface that interacts with the GDB client behind the scenes.

I&#39;ve made a figure to explain all these things:

[![enter image description here][2]][2]


**&gt;&gt; Starting up OpenOCD**

I managed to start up OpenOCD from the command line. I&#39;ll explain how.

 1. First make sure that your STLink-V2 JTAG programmer is properly installed. You can test the installation with the &quot;STLink Utility tool&quot; from STMicroelectronics. It has a nice GUI, and you simply click the connect button.
[![enter image description here][3]][3]
 1. Next download the OpenOCD software executable from this website: http://gnutoolchains.com/arm-eabi/openocd/ . Install it, and put it in a folder on your harddrive, like &quot;C:\Apps\&quot;.
 2. Open a command terminal, and start OpenOCD. You will need to give OpenOCD a few configuration files, such that it knows where to look for your microcontroller. Typically you need to give a configuration file that describes the JTAG programmer, and a configuration file that defines your microcontroller. Pass those files to OpenOCD with the `-f` argument in the command line. You will also need to give OpenOCD access to the `scripts` folder, by passing it with the `-s` argument. This is how I start OpenOCD on my computer with the command line:


        &gt; &quot;C:\Apps\OpenOCD-0.9.0-Win32\bin\openocd&quot; -f &quot;C:\Apps\OpenOCD-0.9.0-Win32\share\openocd\scripts\interface\stlink-v2.cfg&quot; -f &quot;C:\Apps\OpenOCD-0.9.0-Win32\share\openocd\scripts\target\stm32f7x.cfg&quot; -s &quot;C:\Apps\OpenOCD-0.9.0-Win32\share\openocd\scripts&quot;


 3. If you started OpenOCD properly (with the correct arguments), it will startup with the following message:

        Open On-Chip Debugger 0.9.0 (2015-08-15-12:41)
        Licensed under GNU GPL v2
        For bug reports, read
                http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
        Info : auto-selecting first available session transport &quot;hla_swd&quot;. To override use &#39;transport select &lt;transport&gt;&#39;.
        Info : The selected transport took over low-level target control. The results might differ compared to plain JTAG/SWD
        adapter speed: 2000 kHz
        adapter_nsrst_delay: 100
        srst_only separate srst_nogate srst_open_drain connect_deassert_srst
        Info : Unable to match requested speed 2000 kHz, using 1800 kHz
        Info : Unable to match requested speed 2000 kHz, using 1800 kHz
        Info : clock speed 1800 kHz
        Info : STLINK v2 JTAG v24 API v2 SWIM v4 VID 0x0483 PID 0x3748
        Info : using stlink api v2
        Info : Target voltage: 3.231496
        Info : stm32f7x.cpu: hardware has 8 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
        Info : accepting &#39;gdb&#39; connection on tcp/3333
        Info : flash size probed value 1024

 4. Notice that your terminal window is now blocked. You can no longer type commands. But that&#39;s normal. OpenOCD is running in the background, and it blocks the terminal. Now you&#39;ve got two options to interact with OpenOCD: you start a Telnet session in another terminal, and you log on to TCP port `localhost:4444`, so you can give commands to OpenOCD and receive feedback. Or you start a GDB client session, and connect it to TCP port `localhost:3333`.

**&gt;&gt; Starting up a Telnet session to interact with OpenOCD**

This is how you start a Telnet session to interact with the running OpenOCD program:

    &gt; dism /online /Enable-Feature /FeatureName:TelnetClient
    
    &gt; telnet 127.0.0.1 4444

If it works well, you&#39;ll get the following message on your terminal:

    Open On-Chip Debugger
    &gt; ..

And you&#39;re ready to send commmands to OpenOCD! But I&#39;ll now switch to the GDB session, since that&#39;s the most convenient way to interact with OpenOCD.

**&gt;&gt; Starting up a GDB client session to interact with OpenOCD**

Open yet another terminal window, and type the following command:

    &gt; &quot;C:\Apps\AC6GCC\bin\arm-none-eabi-gdb.exe&quot;

This command simply starts the `arm-none-eabi-gdb.exe` GDB client. If all goes well, GDB starts up with the following message:

        GNU gdb (GNU Tools for ARM Embedded Processors) 7.10.1.20151217-cvs
        Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
        License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later &lt;http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html&gt;
        This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
        There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type &quot;show copying&quot;
        and &quot;show warranty&quot; for details.
        This GDB was configured as &quot;--host=i686-w64-mingw32 --target=arm-none-eabi&quot;.
        Type &quot;show configuration&quot; for configuration details.
        For bug reporting instructions, please see:
        &lt;http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/&gt;.
        Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
        &lt;http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/&gt;.
        For help, type &quot;help&quot;.
        Type &quot;apropos word&quot; to search for commands related to &quot;word&quot;.
        (gdb)..

Now connect this GDB client to the GDB server inside OpenOCD:

        (gdb) target remote localhost:3333

Now you&#39;re connected to OpenOCD! Good to know: if you want to use a native OpenOCD command (just like you would do in a Telnet session), just precede the command with the keyword `monitor`. This way the GDB server inside OpenOCD will not handle the command himself, but pass it on to the native OpenOCD deamon.

So, now it is time to reset the chip, erase it and halt it:

        (gdb) monitor reset halt
           target state: halted
           target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread
           xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0xfffffffe msp: 0xfffffffc
        (gdb) monitor halt
        
        (gdb) monitor flash erase_address 0x08000000 0x00100000
           erased address 0x08000000 (length 1048576) in 8.899024s (115.069 KiB/s)
        (gdb) monitor reset halt
           target state: halted
           target halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread
           xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0xfffffffe msp: 0xfffffffc
        (gdb) monitor halt

The chip is now ready to get some instructions from us. First we will tell the chip that its flash sections 0 to 7 (that&#39;s all the flash sections in my 1Mb chip) should not be protected:

        (gdb) monitor flash protect 0 0 7 off
        
        (gdb) monitor flash info 0
           #0 : stm32f7x at 0x08000000, size 0x00100000, buswidth 0, chipwidth 0
                #  0: 0x00000000 (0x8000 32kB) not protected
                #  1: 0x00008000 (0x8000 32kB) not protected
                #  2: 0x00010000 (0x8000 32kB) not protected
                #  3: 0x00018000 (0x8000 32kB) not protected
                #  4: 0x00020000 (0x20000 128kB) not protected
                #  5: 0x00040000 (0x40000 256kB) not protected
                #  6: 0x00080000 (0x40000 256kB) not protected
                #  7: 0x000c0000 (0x40000 256kB) not protected

Next I halt the chip again. Just to be sure..

        (gdb) monitor halt

Finally I hand over the binary `.elf` file to GDB:

        (gdb) file C:\\..\\myProgram.elf
           A program is being debugged already.
           Are you sure you want to change the file? (y or n) y
           Reading symbols from C:\..\myProgram.elf ...done.

Now is the moment of truth. I ask GDB to load this binary into the chip. Fingers crossed:

        (gdb) load
           Loading section .isr_vector, size 0x1c8 lma 0x8000000
           Loading section .text, size 0x39e0 lma 0x80001c8
           Loading section .rodata, size 0x34 lma 0x8003ba8
           Loading section .init_array, size 0x4 lma 0x8003bdc
           Loading section .fini_array, size 0x4 lma 0x8003be0
           Loading section .data, size 0x38 lma 0x8003be4
           Error finishing flash operation

Sadly it was not successful. I get the following message in OpenOCD:

        Error: error waiting for target flash write algorithm
        Error: error writing to flash at address 0x08000000 at offset 0x00000000

------------------------------

**EDIT : Hardware issue fixed.**

Apparently it was a hardware issue. I had never thought that my chip would be defect, since loading the binary onto the chip with the STLink Utility tool worked without problem. Only OpenOCD was complaining and giving errors. So naturally I blamed OpenOCD - and not the chip itself. See my answer below for more details.

------------------------------

**EDIT : Alternative elegant way to flash the chip - using makefile!**

As the issue got fixed, I will now focus on an alternative way to execute the flash and debug of the chip. I believe this is really interesting for the community!

You might have noticed that I used Windows cmd commands to execute all the necessary steps. This can be automated in a batch file. But there is a more elegant way: to automate everything in a makefile!
Mr./Mss. Othane has suggested the following makefile for his/her Cortex-M? chip. I suppose that the procedure for a Cortex-M7 chip is very similar:

                #################################################
                #        MAKEFILE FOR BUILDING THE BINARY       #
                #        AND EVEN FLASHING THE CHIP!            #
                # Author: Othane                                #
                #################################################
                
		# setup compiler and flags for stm32f373 build 
		SELF_DIR := $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST))) 
		 
		 
		CROSS_COMPILE ?= arm-none-eabi- 
		export CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc 
		export AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp 
		export AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar 
		export LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld 
		export OD   = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump 
		export BIN  = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy -O ihex 
		export SIZE = $(CROSS_COMPILE)size 
		export GDB = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gdb 

		 
		MCU = cortex-m4 
		FPU = -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -D__FPU_USED=1 -D__FPU_PRESENT=1 -DARM_MATH_CM4 
		DEFS = -DUSE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER -DSTM32F37X -DRUN_FROM_FLASH=1 -DHSE_VALUE=8000000 
		OPT ?= -O0  
		MCFLAGS = -mthumb -mcpu=$(MCU) $(FPU) 

		 
		export ASFLAGS  = $(MCFLAGS) $(OPT) -g -gdwarf-2 $(ADEFS) 
		CPFLAGS += $(MCFLAGS) $(OPT) -gdwarf-2 -Wall -Wno-attributes -fverbose-asm  
		CPFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections $(DEFS) 
		export CPFLAGS 
		export CFLAGS += $(CPFLAGS) 

		 
		export LDFLAGS  = $(MCFLAGS) -nostartfiles -Wl,--cref,--gc-sections,--no-warn-mismatch $(LIBDIR) 

		 
		HINCDIR += ./STM32F37x_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0.0/Libraries/CMSIS/Include/ \ 
			./STM32F37x_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0.0/Libraries/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F37x/Include/ \ 
			./STM32F37x_DSP_StdPeriph_Lib_V1.0.0/Libraries/STM32F37x_StdPeriph_Driver/inc/ \ 
			./ 
		export INCDIR = $(patsubst %,$(SELF_DIR)%,$(HINCDIR)) 

		 

		 
		# openocd variables and targets 
		OPENOCD_PATH ?= /usr/local/share/openocd/ 
		export OPENOCD_BIN = openocd 
		export OPENOCD_INTERFACE = $(OPENOCD_PATH)/scripts/interface/stlink-v2.cfg 
		export OPENOCD_TARGET = $(OPENOCD_PATH)/scripts/target/stm32f3x_stlink.cfg 

		 
		OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS = &#39;&#39; 
		OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS += -c &#39;reset halt&#39; 
		OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS += -c &#39;sleep 10&#39;  
		OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS += -c &#39;stm32f1x unlock 0&#39; 
		OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS += -c &#39;flash write_image erase $(PRJ_FULL) 0 ihex&#39; 
		OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS += -c shutdown 
		export OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS 

		 
		OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS = &#39;&#39; 
		OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS += -c &#39;reset halt&#39; 
		OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS += -c &#39;sleep 10&#39;  
		OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS += -c &#39;sleep 10&#39;  
		OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS += -c &#39;stm32f1x mass_erase 0&#39; 
		OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS += -c shutdown 
		export OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS 

		 
		OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS = &#39;&#39; 
		OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS += -c &#39;reset halt&#39; 
		OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS += -c &#39;sleep 10&#39; 
		OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS += -c &#39;reset run&#39; 
		OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS += -c &#39;sleep 10&#39;  
		OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS += -c shutdown 
		export OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS 

		 
		OPENOCD_DEBUG_CMDS = &#39;&#39; 
		OPENOCD_DEBUG_CMDS += -c &#39;halt&#39; 
		OPENOCD_DEBUG_CMDS += -c &#39;sleep 10&#39; 

		 
		.flash: 
			$(OPENOCD_BIN) -f $(OPENOCD_INTERFACE) -f $(OPENOCD_TARGET) -c init $(OPENOCD_FLASH_CMDS) 

		 
		.erase: 
			$(OPENOCD_BIN) -f $(OPENOCD_INTERFACE) -f $(OPENOCD_TARGET) -c init $(OPENOCD_ERASE_CMDS) 

		 
		.run: 
			$(OPENOCD_BIN) -f $(OPENOCD_INTERFACE) -f $(OPENOCD_TARGET) -c init $(OPENOCD_RUN_CMDS) 

		 
		.debug: 
			$(OPENOCD_BIN) -f $(OPENOCD_INTERFACE) -f $(OPENOCD_TARGET) -c init $(OPENOCD_DEBUG_CMDS) 

		 
Dear Mr./Mss. Othane, could you explain how to use this makefile for the following steps:

 - Build the binary from the source code
 - Flash the chip

I know some basics about makefiles, but your makefile is really going quite deep. You seem to use quite some features of the GNU make utility. Please give us some more explanation, and I&#39;ll grant you the bonus ;-)

------------------------------
------------------------------


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/zY6lR.png
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/LMxKN.png
  [3]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/cHn7P.png

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Mike	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Debugging	dbrank0	View Answer on Stackoverflow

GDB: How to list all source files used for compilation

Debugging Problem Overview

Debugging Solutions

Solution 1 - Debugging

Use endswith with multiple extensions

What is the inverse of regularization strength in Logistic Regression? How should it affect my code?

Attributions