Android custom dropdown/popup menu

How do I do a custom dropdown/popup menu anchored to a button?

I need it to work like the popup menu (anchored to a view), and do something when I click an item from the menu.

How do I add items to the menu by code, keeping menu's height and make it scrollable if there are more than 5 items. I don't need to add any images, just text.

Update: To create a popup menu in android with Kotlin refer my answer here.

To create a popup menu in android with Java:

Create a layout file activity_main.xml under res/layout directory which contains only one button.

Filename: activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"  
    android:layout_width="match_parent"  
    android:layout_height="match_parent"  
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"  
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >  
  
    <Button  
        android:id="@+id/button1"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"  
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"  
        android:layout_marginLeft="62dp"  
        android:layout_marginTop="50dp"  
        android:text="Show Popup" />  
  
</RelativeLayout>  

Create a file popup_menu.xml under res/menu directory

It contains three items as shown below.

Filename: poupup_menu.xml

<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >  
  
    <item  
        android:id="@+id/one"  
        android:title="One"/>  
      
    <item  
        android:id="@+id/two"  
        android:title="Two"/>  
        
    <item  
        android:id="@+id/three"  
        android:title="Three"/>  
          
</menu>  

MainActivity class which displays the popup menu on button click.

Filename: MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {  
	private Button button1;  

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

		button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
		button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				//Creating the instance of PopupMenu
				PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(MainActivity.this, button1);
				//Inflating the Popup using xml file
				popup.getMenuInflater()
					.inflate(R.menu.popup_menu, popup.getMenu());

				//registering popup with OnMenuItemClickListener
				popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
					public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
						Toast.makeText(
							MainActivity.this,
							"You Clicked : " + item.getTitle(),
							Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
						).show();
						return true;
					}
				});

				popup.show(); //showing popup menu
			}
		}); //closing the setOnClickListener method
	}
}

To add programmatically:

PopupMenu menu = new PopupMenu(this, view);

menu.getMenu().add("One");
menu.getMenu().add("Two");
menu.getMenu().add("Three");

menu.show();

Follow this link for creating menu programmatically.

I know this is an old question, but I've found another answer that worked better for me and it doesn't seem to appear in any of the answers.

Create a layout xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:paddingTop="5dip"
    android:paddingBottom="5dip"
    android:paddingStart="10dip"
    android:paddingEnd="10dip">

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/shoe_select_icon"
    android:layout_width="30dp"
    android:layout_height="30dp"
    android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
    android:scaleType="fitXY" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/shoe_select_text"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_gravity="center"
    android:textSize="20sp"
    android:paddingStart="10dp"
    android:paddingEnd="10dp"/>

</LinearLayout>

Create a ListPopupWindow and a map with the content:

ListPopupWindow popupWindow;
List<HashMap<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put(TITLE, getString(R.string.left));
    map.put(ICON, R.drawable.left);
    data.add(map);
    map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put(TITLE, getString(R.string.right));
    map.put(ICON, R.drawable.right);
    data.add(map);

Then on click, display the menu using this function:

private void showListMenu(final View anchor) {
    popupWindow = new ListPopupWindow(this);

    ListAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(
            this,
            data,
            R.layout.shoe_select,
            new String[] {TITLE, ICON}, // These are just the keys that the data uses (constant strings)
            new int[] {R.id.shoe_select_text, R.id.shoe_select_icon}); // The view ids to map the data to

    popupWindow.setAnchorView(anchor);
    popupWindow.setAdapter(adapter);
    popupWindow.setWidth(400);
    popupWindow.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
            switch (position){
                case 0:
                    devicesAdapter.setSelectedLeftPosition(devicesList.getChildAdapterPosition(anchor));
                    break;
                case 1:
                    devicesAdapter.setSelectedRightPosition(devicesList.getChildAdapterPosition(anchor));
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
            }
            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    devicesAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                }
            });
            popupWindow.dismiss();
        }
    });
    popupWindow.show();
}

The Kotlin Way

fun showPopupMenu(view: View) {
    PopupMenu(view.context, view).apply {
                menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.popup_men, menu)
                setOnMenuItemClickListener { item ->
                    Toast.makeText(view.context, "You Clicked : " + item.title, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                    true
                }
            }.show()
}

UPDATE: In the above code, the apply function returns this which is not required, so we can use run which don't return anything and to make it even simpler we can also remove the curly braces of showPopupMenu method.

Even Simpler:

fun showPopupMenu(view: View) = PopupMenu(view.context, view).run {
            menuInflater.inflate(R.menu.popup_men, menu)
            setOnMenuItemClickListener { item ->
                Toast.makeText(view.context, "You Clicked : ${item.title}", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
                true
            }
            show()
        }

First, create a folder named “menu” in the “res” folder.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
 
    <item
        android:id="@+id/search"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_search"
        android:title="Search"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/add"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_add"
        android:title="Add"/>
    <item
        android:id="@+id/edit"
        android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_edit"
        android:title="Edit">
        <menu>
            <item
                android:id="@+id/share"
                android:icon="@android:drawable/ic_menu_share"
                android:title="Share"/>
        </menu>
    </item>
 
</menu>

Then, create your Activity Class:

public class PopupMenu1 extends Activity {
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.popup_menu_1);
    }
 
    public void onPopupButtonClick(View button) {
        PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(this, button);
        popup.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.popup, popup.getMenu());
 
        popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
            public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                Toast.makeText(PopupMenu1.this,
                        "Clicked popup menu item " + item.getTitle(),
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return true;
            }
        });
 
        popup.show();
    }
}