    &quot;foo&quot; instanceof String //=&gt; false
    &quot;foo&quot; instanceof Object //=&gt; false

    true instanceof Boolean //=&gt; false
    true instanceof Object //=&gt; false
    false instanceof Boolean //=&gt; false
    false instanceof Object //=&gt; false

    12.21 instanceof Number //=&gt; false
    /foo/ instanceof RegExp //=&gt; true

    // the tests against Object really don&#39;t make sense

Array literals and Object literals match...

    [0,1] instanceof Array //=&gt; true
    {0:1} instanceof Object //=&gt; true

Why don&#39;t all of them? Or, why don&#39;t they all _not_?  
And, what are they an instance of, then?

It&#39;s the same in FF3, IE7, Opera, and Chrome. So, at least it&#39;s consistent.

Why does instanceof return false for some literals?

Which C# XML documentation comment tag is used for the literals `true`, `false` and `null`?

In Microsoft&#39;s own documentation, these literals appear in **bold text**. For example, the documentation for the property [ArrayList.IsFixedSize][1] appears as:

&gt; **true** if the [ArrayList][2] has a fixed size; otherwise, **false**. The default is **false**.

None of [Microsoft&#39;s Recommended Tags][3] seem to apply to this situation. The best fit appears to be [&amp;lt;c&amp;gt;][4], however `&lt;c&gt;true&lt;/c&gt;` appears as `true` when the documentation is rendered by [Doxygen][5].

However, using `&lt;b&gt;true&lt;/b&gt;` with Doxygen yielded bold text as I surmised that it might. But that leaves me wondering about **the portability of using standard HTML tags** with other documentation generation tools such as [Sandcastle][6] and [GhostDoc][7].


  [1]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.collections.arraylist.isfixedsize%28v=vs.110%29.aspx
  [2]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/System.Collections.ArrayList%28v=vs.110%29.aspx
  [3]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/5ast78ax.aspx
  [4]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/te6h7cxs%28v=vs.120%29.aspx
  [5]: http://www.doxygen.nl/
  [6]: http://shfb.codeplex.com/
  [7]: http://www.roland-weigelt.de/ghostdoc/

Which C# XML documentation comment tag is used for &#39;true&#39;, &#39;false&#39; and &#39;null&#39;?

Given by a colleague as a puzzle, I cannot figure out how this C program actually compiles and runs. What is this `&gt;&gt;&gt;=` operator and the strange `1P1` literal? I have tested in Clang and GCC. There are no warnings and the output is &quot;???&quot;

    #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;

    int main()
    {
        int a[2]={ 10, 1 };
	
        while( a[ 0xFULL?&#39;\0&#39;:-1:&gt;&gt;&gt;=a&lt;:!!0X.1P1 ] )
            printf(&quot;?&quot;);
	
	    return 0;
    }

What is the &gt;&gt;&gt;= operator in C?

The compiler seems to be ok with this (single digit hex values only):
    
    byte[] rawbytes={0xa, 0x2, 0xf};

But not this:

    byte[] rawbytes={0xa, 0x2, 0xff};

I get a &quot;Possible Loss of Precision found : int required : byte&quot; error?

What am I doing wrong - or are single digit hex numbers a special case ?

Java 1.5.x.


Literal Syntax For byte[] arrays using Hex notation..?

If I have a method 

    void f(byte b);

how can I call it with a numeric argument without casting?

    f(0);

gives an error.


How do you specify a byte literal in Java?

-2147483648 is the smallest integer for integer type with 32 bits, but it seems that it will overflow in the `if(...)` sentence:

    if (-2147483648 &gt; 0)
        std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;true&quot;;
    else
        std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;false&quot;;

This will print `true` in my testing. However, if we cast -2147483648 to integer, the result will be different:

    if (int(-2147483648) &gt; 0)
        std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;true&quot;;
    else
        std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;false&quot;;

This will print `false`.

I&#39;m confused. Can anyone give an explanation on this?


----------


Update 02-05-2012:

Thanks for your comments, in my compiler, the size of int is 4 bytes. I&#39;m using VC for some simple testing. I&#39;ve changed the description in my question.

That&#39;s a lot of very good replys in this post, [AndreyT][1] gave a very detailed explanation on how the compiler will behave on such input, and how this minimum integer was implemented. [qPCR4vir][2] on the other hand gave some related &quot;curiosities&quot; and how integers are represented. So impressive!


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/14695202/2040924
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/14695400/2040924

(-2147483648&gt; 0) returns true in C++?

Typically, I&#39;ve seen people use the class literal like this:

    Class&lt;Foo&gt; cls = Foo.class;

But what if the type is generic, e.g. List? This works fine, but has a warning since List should be parameterized:

    Class&lt;List&gt; cls = List.class

So why not add a `&lt;?&gt;`? Well, this causes a type mismatch error:

    Class&lt;List&lt;?&gt;&gt; cls = List.class

I figured something like this would work, but this is just a plain ol&#39; syntax error:

    Class&lt;List&lt;Foo&gt;&gt; cls = List&lt;Foo&gt;.class

How can I get a `Class&lt;List&lt;Foo&gt;&gt;` statically, e.g. using the class literal?

I *could* use `@SuppressWarnings(&quot;unchecked&quot;)` to get rid of the warnings caused by the non-parameterized use of List in the first example, `    Class&lt;List&gt; cls = List.class`, but I&#39;d rather not.

Any suggestions?

Java: how do I get a class literal from a generic type?

Technically, any odd number of backslashes, as described in [the documentation][1].

    &gt;&gt;&gt; r&#39;\&#39;
      File &quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;, line 1
        r&#39;\&#39;
           ^
    SyntaxError: EOL while scanning string literal
    &gt;&gt;&gt; r&#39;\\&#39;
    &#39;\\\\&#39;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; r&#39;\\\&#39;
      File &quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;, line 1
        r&#39;\\\&#39;
             ^
    SyntaxError: EOL while scanning string literal

It seems like the parser could just treat backslashes in raw strings as regular characters (isn&#39;t that what raw strings are all about?), but I&#39;m probably missing something obvious.

  [1]: http://docs.python.org/reference/lexical_analysis.html##string-and-bytes-literals




Why can&#39;t Python&#39;s raw string literals end with a single backslash?


In C/C#/etc. you can tell the compiler that a literal number is not what it appears to be (ie., `float` instead of `double`, `unsigned long` instead of `int`): 
```C#
var d = 1.0;  // double
var f = 1.0f; // float
var u = 1UL;  // unsigned long
```
etc.

Could someone point me to a list of these? I&#39;m specifically looking for a suffix for `short` or `Int16`.



C# short/long/int literal format?

I currently have a WebSocket between JavaScript and a server programmed in C#. In JavaScript, I can pass data easily using an associative array:

    var data = {&#39;test&#39;: &#39;val&#39;,
                &#39;test2&#39;: &#39;val2&#39;};

To represent this data object on the server side, I use a `Dictionary&lt;string, string&gt;`, but this is more &#39;typing-expensive&#39; than in JavaScript:

    Dictionary&lt;string, string&gt; data = new Dictionary&lt;string,string&gt;();
    data.Add(&quot;test&quot;, &quot;val&quot;);
    data.Add(&quot;test2&quot;, &quot;val2&quot;);

Is there some kind of literal notation for associative arrays / `Dictionary`s in C#?

Literal notation for Dictionary in C#?

I recently compared the processing speeds of `[]` and `list()` and was surprised to discover that `[]` runs *more than three times faster* than `list()`. I ran the same test with `{}` and `dict()` and the results were practically identical: `[]` and `{}` both took around 0.128sec / million cycles, while `list()` and `dict()` took roughly 0.428sec / million cycles each.

Why is this? Do `[]` and `{}` (and probably `()` and `&#39;&#39;`, too) immediately pass back a copies of some empty stock literal while their explicitly-named counterparts (`list()`, `dict()`, `tuple()`, `str()`) fully go about creating an object, whether or not they actually have elements?

I have no idea how these two methods differ but I&#39;d love to find out.
I couldn&#39;t find an answer in the docs or on SO, and searching for empty brackets turned out to be more problematic than I&#39;d expected.

I got my timing results by calling `timeit.timeit(&quot;[]&quot;)` and `timeit.timeit(&quot;list()&quot;)`, and `timeit.timeit(&quot;{}&quot;)` and `timeit.timeit(&quot;dict()&quot;)`, to compare lists and dictionaries, respectively. I&#39;m running Python 2.7.9.

I recently discovered &quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18123965/why-if-true-is-slower-than-if-1&quot; that compares the performance of `if True` to `if 1` and seems to touch on a similar literal-versus-global scenario; perhaps it&#39;s worth considering as well.



Why is [] faster than list()?

I have a struct type with a `*int64` field.

    type SomeType struct {
        SomeField *int64
    }

At some point in my code, I want to declare a literal of this (say, when I know said value should be 0, or pointing to a 0, you know what I mean)

    instance := SomeType{
        SomeField: &amp;0,
    }

...except this doesn&#39;t work

    ./main.go:xx: cannot use &amp;0 (type *int) as type *int64 in field value

So I try this

    instance := SomeType{
        SomeField: &amp;int64(0),
    }

...but this also doesn&#39;t work

    ./main.go:xx: cannot take the address of int64(0)

How do I do this? The only solution I can come up with is using a placeholder variable

    var placeholder int64
    placeholder = 0

    instance := SomeType{
        SomeField: &amp;placeholder,
    }

&lt;s&gt;Note: the `&amp;0` syntax works *fine* when it&#39;s a *int instead of an `*int64`.&lt;/s&gt; Edit: no it does not. Sorry about this.

Edit:

Aparently there was too much ambiguity to my question. I&#39;m looking for a way to *literally state* a `*int64`. This could be used inside a constructor, or to state literal struct values, or even as arguments to other functions. But helper functions or using a different type are not solutions I&#39;m looking for.

How do I do a literal *int64 in Go?

I first saw it used in building regular expressions across multiple lines as a method argument to `re.compile()`, so I assumed that `r` stands for RegEx.

For example:

	regex = re.compile(
		r&#39;^[A-Z]&#39;
		r&#39;[A-Z0-9-]&#39;
		r&#39;[A-Z]$&#39;, re.IGNORECASE
	)

So what does `r` mean in this case? Why do we need it?

What does preceding a string literal with &quot;r&quot; mean?

```
long long int n = 2000*2000*2000*2000;    // overflow

long long int n = pow(2000,4);            // works
long long int n = 16000000000000;         // works
```

Why does the first one overflow (multiplying integer literal constants to assign to a long long)?

What&#39;s different about it vs. the second or third ones?

Why does long long n = 2000*2000*2000*2000; overflow?

In code created by Apple, there is this line:

```c
CMTimeMakeWithSeconds( newDurationSeconds, 1000*1000*1000 )
```

Is there any reason to express `1,000,000,000` as `1000*1000*1000`?

Why not `1000^3` for that matter?

Why write 1,000,000,000 as 1000*1000*1000 in C?

I am writing a little code in J2ME. I have a class with a method `setTableId(Short tableId)`. Now when I try to write `setTableId(100)` it gives compile time error. How can I set the short value without declaring another short variable?

When setting `Long` value I can use `setLongValue(100L)` and it works. So, what does `L` mean here and what&#39;s the character for `Short` value? 

Thanks

Setting Short Value Java

Very basic question: how do I write a `short` literal in C++?

I know the following:

* `2` is an `int`
* `2U` is an `unsigned int`
* `2L` is a `long`
* `2LL` is a `long long`
* `2.0f` is a `float`
* `2.0` is a `double`
* `&#39;\2&#39;` is a `char`.

But how would I write a `short` literal?  I tried `2S` but that gives a compiler warning.

How do I write a short literal in C++?

In a verbatim string literal (@&quot;foo&quot;) in C#, backslashes aren&#39;t treated as escapes, so doing \&quot; to get a double quote doesn&#39;t work. Is there any way to get a double quote in a verbatim string literal?

This understandably doesn&#39;t work:

    string foo = @&quot;this \&quot;word\&quot; is escaped&quot;;

Can I escape a double quote in a verbatim string literal?

`[]` = empty `list`

`()` = empty `tuple`

`{}` = empty `dict`

Is there a similar notation for an empty `set`?
Or do I have to write `set()`?


Empty set literal?

Why does Python 3 allow &quot;00&quot; as a literal for 0 but not allow &quot;01&quot; as a literal for 1? Is there a good reason? This inconsistency baffles me. (And we&#39;re talking about Python 3, which purposely broke backward compatibility in order to achieve goals like consistency.)

For example:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; from datetime import time
    &gt;&gt;&gt; time(16, 00)
    datetime.time(16, 0)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; time(16, 01)
      File &quot;&lt;stdin&gt;&quot;, line 1
        time(16, 01)
                  ^
    SyntaxError: invalid token
    &gt;&gt;&gt;

Why does Python 3 allow &quot;00&quot; as a literal for 0 but not allow &quot;01&quot; as a literal for 1?

Quick question. Is there an equivalent of @ as applied to strings in Java:

For example I can do `@&quot;c:\afolder\afile&quot;` in C# and have it ignore the escape characters when processing instead of having to do `&quot;c:\\afolder\\aFile&quot;`. Is there a Java equivalent?

hmmm: stackoverflow is escaping on me .. lol. The second example should read:

c:(double-backslash)afolder(double-backslash)aFile

Java equivalent of C#&#39;s verbatim strings with @

This is a simple question I think.

I am trying to search for the occurrence of a string in another string using regex in JavaScript like so:
                    
     var content =&quot;Hi, I like your Apartment. Could we schedule a viewing? My phone number is: &quot;;

     var gent = new RegExp(&quot;I like your Apartment. Could we schedule a viewing? My&quot;, &quot;g&quot;);

     if(content.search(gent) != -1){   
         alert(&#39;worked&#39;);     
     }          
                
This doesn&#39;t work because of the `?` character....I tried escaping it with `\`, but that doesn&#39;t work either. Is there another way to use `?` literally instead of as a special character?

escaping question mark in regex javascript

Can anyone explain why example 1 below works, when the `r` prefix is not used?
I thought the `r` prefix must be used whenever escape sequences are used.
Example 2 and example 3 demonstrate this.

    # example 1
    import re
    print (re.sub(&#39;\s+&#39;, &#39; &#39;, &#39;hello     there      there&#39;))
    # prints &#39;hello there there&#39; - not expected as r prefix is not used

    # example 2
    import re
    print (re.sub(r&#39;(\b\w+)(\s+\1\b)+&#39;, r&#39;\1&#39;, &#39;hello     there      there&#39;))
    # prints &#39;hello     there&#39; - as expected as r prefix is used

    # example 3
    import re
    print (re.sub(&#39;(\b\w+)(\s+\1\b)+&#39;, &#39;\1&#39;, &#39;hello     there      there&#39;))
    # prints &#39;hello     there      there&#39; - as expected as r prefix is not used

Python regex - r prefix

After dive into Python&#39;s source code, I find out that it maintains an array of `PyInt_Object`s ranging from `int(-5)` to `int(256)` (@src/Objects/intobject.c)

A little experiment proves it:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; a = 1
    &gt;&gt;&gt; b = 1
    &gt;&gt;&gt; a is b
    True
    &gt;&gt;&gt; a = 257
    &gt;&gt;&gt; b = 257
    &gt;&gt;&gt; a is b
    False

But if I run those code together in a py file (or join them with semi-colons), the result is different:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; a = 257; b = 257; a is b
    True

I&#39;m curious why they are still the same object, so I digg deeper into the syntax tree and compiler, I came up with a calling hierarchy listed below:

&lt;!-- language: lang-none --&gt;

    PyRun_FileExFlags() 
        mod = PyParser_ASTFromFile() 
            node *n = PyParser_ParseFileFlagsEx() //source to cst
                parsetoke() 
                    ps = PyParser_New() 
                    for (;;)
                        PyTokenizer_Get() 
                        PyParser_AddToken(ps, ...)
            mod = PyAST_FromNode(n, ...)  //cst to ast
        run_mod(mod, ...)
            co = PyAST_Compile(mod, ...) //ast to CFG
                PyFuture_FromAST()
                PySymtable_Build()
                co = compiler_mod()
            PyEval_EvalCode(co, ...)
                PyEval_EvalCodeEx()

Then I added some debug code in `PyInt_FromLong` and before/after `PyAST_FromNode`, and executed a test.py:

    a = 257
    b = 257
    print &quot;id(a) = %d, id(b) = %d&quot; % (id(a), id(b))

the output looks like:

&lt;!-- language: lang-none --&gt;

    DEBUG: before PyAST_FromNode
    name = a
    ival = 257, id = 176046536
    name = b
    ival = 257, id = 176046752
    name = a
    name = b
    DEBUG: after PyAST_FromNode
    run_mod
    PyAST_Compile ok
    id(a) = 176046536, id(b) = 176046536
    Eval ok

It means that during the `cst` to `ast` transform, two different `PyInt_Object`s are created (actually it&#39;s performed in the `ast_for_atom()` function), but they are later merged.

I find it hard to comprehend the source in `PyAST_Compile` and `PyEval_EvalCode`, so I&#39;m here to ask for help, I&#39;ll be appreciative if some one gives a hint?


What&#39;s with the integer cache maintained by the interpreter?

With `Option Strict On`:

    Dim theLetterA As Char = &quot;A&quot;

returns an error about converting the string `&quot;A&quot;` to a `Char`.

What is the syntax to enter a `Char` literal?

How do you declare a Char literal in Visual Basic .NET?

Just out of curiosity: why can I assign 0.0 to a variable that is of an enumeration type, but not 1.0? Have a look at the following code:

    public enum Foo
    {
        Bar,
        Baz
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main()
        {
            Foo value1 = 0.0;
            Foo value2 = 1.0;   // This line does not compile
            Foo value3 = 4.2;   // This line does not compile
        }
    }

I thought that conversions between numerical types and enumeration values are only allowed via casts? That is I could write Foo `value2 = (Foo) 1.0;` so that line 2 in `Main` can compile. Why is there an exception for the value `0.0` in C#? 

Why can I assign 0.0 to enumeration values, but not 1.0

Please explain what, exactly, happens when the following sections of code are executed:

    int a=&#39;\15&#39;;
    System.out.println(a);

this prints out 13;

    int a=&#39;\25&#39;;
    System.out.println(a);

this prints out 21;

    int a=&#39;\100&#39;;
    System.out.println(a);

this prints out 64.

What are the Java semantics of an escaped number in a character literal, e.g. &#39;\15&#39; ?

How to write literal boolean value in SQL Server? See sample use:

    select * from SomeTable where PSEUDO_TRUE

another sample:

    if PSEUDO_TRUE
    begin
      select &#39;Hello, SQL!&#39;
    end 

Note: The query above has nothing to do with how I&#39;m going to use it. It is just to test the literal boolean.

SQL Server - boolean literal?

    #include&lt;stdio.h&gt;
    #include&lt;string.h&gt;
    
    int main()
    {
        char * p = &quot;abc&quot;;
        char * p1 = &quot;abc&quot;;
        printf(&quot;%d %d&quot;, p, p1);
    }

When I print the values of the two pointers, it is printing the same address. Why?


Addresses of two char pointers to different string literals are same

It is well known that in C, floating point literals (e.g. `1.23`) have type `double`. As a consequence, any calculation that involves them is promoted to double.

I&#39;m working on an embedded real-time system that has a floating point unit that supports only single precision (`float`) numbers. All my variables are `float`, and this precision is sufficient. I don&#39;t need (nor can afford) `double` at all. But every time something like

    if (x &lt; 2.5) ...

is written, disaster happens: the slowdown can be up to two orders of magnitude. Of course, the direct answer is to write

    if (x &lt; 2.5f) ...

but this is so easy to miss (and difficult to detect until too late), especially when a &#39;configuration&#39; value is `#define`&#39;d in a separate file by a less disciplined (or just new) developer.

So, is there a way to force the compiler to treat all (floating point) literals as float, as if with suffix `f`? Even if it&#39;s against the specs, I don&#39;t care. Or any other solutions? The compiler is gcc, by the way.

Make C floating point literals float (rather than double)

I know about the `boolean` *column type*, but is there a `boolean` *literal* in SQLite?  In other languages, this might be `true` or `false`.  Obviously, I can use `0` and `1`, but I tend to avoid so-called &quot;magic numbers&quot; where possible.

From [this list][1], it seems like it might exist in other SQL implementations, but not SQLite.  (I&#39;m using SQLite 3.6.10, for what it&#39;s worth.)

  [1]: http://troels.arvin.dk/db/rdbms/#data_types-boolean

Is there a boolean literal in SQLite?

In C++ (and C), a floating point literal without suffix defaults to `double`, while the suffix `f` implies a `float`. But what is the suffix to get a `long double`?

Without knowing, I would define, say,

    const long double x = 3.14159265358979323846264338328;

But my worry is that the variable `x` contains fewer significant bits of `3.14159265358979323846264338328` than 64, because this is a `double` literal. Is this worry justified?

What&#39;s the C++ suffix for long double literals?

In order to work with decimal data types, I have to do this with variable initialization:

    decimal aValue = 50.0M;

What does the M part stand for?

What does the M stand for in C# Decimal literal notation?

How do you express an integer as a binary number with Python literals?

I was easily able to find the answer for hex:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; 0x12AF
    4783
    &gt;&gt;&gt; 0x100
    256

and octal:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; 01267
    695
    &gt;&gt;&gt; 0100
    64

**How do you use literals to express binary in Python?**

---

***Summary of Answers***

* Python 2.5 and earlier: can express binary using `int(&#39;01010101111&#39;,2)` but not with a literal.
* Python 2.5 and earlier: there is *no way* to express binary literals.
* Python 2.6 beta: You can do like so: `0b1100111` or `0B1100111`.
* Python 2.6 beta: will also allow `0o27` or `0O27` (second character is the letter O) to represent an octal.
* Python 3.0 beta: Same as 2.6, but will no longer allow the older `027` syntax for octals.


How do you express binary literals in Python?

In JavaScript: `{foo: bar, biz: qux}`.

In Ruby: `{foo =&gt; bar, biz =&gt; qux}`.

In Java:

    HashMap&lt;K, V&gt; map = new HashMap&lt;&gt;();
    map.put(foo, bar);
    map.put(biz, qux);

Surely Kotlin can do better than Java?

Does Kotlin have a syntax for Map literals?

JSLint is giving me this error:

&gt;Problem at line 11 character 33: Use the array literal notation [].

    var myArray = new Array();

What is array literal notation and why does it want me to use it instead?

It shows &lt;a herf=&quot;http://www.w3schools.com/JS/js_obj_array.asp&quot;&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; that `new Array();` should work fine... is there something I&#39;m missing?

What is array literal notation in javascript and when should you use it?

**C++03 5.1 Primary expressions &#167;2** says:

&gt; A literal is a primary expression. Its type depends on its form (2.13). A string literal is an lvalue; all other literals are rvalues.

Similarly, **C99 6.5.1 &#167;4** says:

&gt; A string literal is a primary expression. It is an lvalue with type as detailed in 6.4.5.

What is the rationale behind this?

As I understand, string literals are objects, while all other literals are not. And an l-value always refers to an object.

But the question then is why are string literals objects while all other literals are not? This rationale seems to me more like an egg or chicken problem.

I understand the answer to this may be related to hardware architecture rather than C/C++ as programming languages, nevertheless I would like to hear the same.

Why are string literals l-value while all other literals are r-value?

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [What are some example use cases for symbol literals in Scala?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/780287/what-are-some-example-use-cases-for-symbol-literals-in-scala)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

What&#39;s the purpose of Symbol and why does it deserve some special *literal* syntax e. g. `&#39;FooSymbol`?

Purpose of Scala&#39;s Symbol?

In PHP, I can specify array literals quite easily:

    array(
        array(&quot;name&quot; =&gt; &quot;John&quot;, &quot;hobby&quot; =&gt; &quot;hiking&quot;),
        array(&quot;name&quot; =&gt; &quot;Jane&quot;, &quot;hobby&quot; =&gt; &quot;dancing&quot;),
        ...
    )

But what if I want array of objects? How can I specify object literal in PHP?
I.e. in javascript it would be:

    [
        {name: &quot;John&quot;, hobby: &quot;hiking&quot;},
        {name: &quot;Jane&quot;, hobby: &quot;dancing&quot;}
    ]

PHP object literal

I am working on a (Java) project in which I have many jars which have a source-jar file attached.
 
Is there any way to make the eclipse &quot;File Search&quot; search for Java files (and txt, xml etc. for that matter) containing some string literal inside these source jars, not just in the project folder?

Or is there any plugin by which this can be achieved?

How to make eclipse &quot;File Search&quot; to also search inside source jars containing some text?

When I tried to add a const array in the global scope using this code:

    static NUMBERS: [i32] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

I got the following error:

    error: mismatched types:
     expected `[i32]`,
        found `[i32; 5]`
    (expected slice,
        found array of 5 elements) [E0308]

    static NUMBERS2: [i32] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
                             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

The only way I found to deal with this problem is to specify the length in the type:

    static NUMBERS: [i32; 5] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

Is there a better way? It should be possible to create an array without manually counting its elements.

How to specify const array in global scope in Rust?

I&#39;ve got a (generated) literal string in C++ that may contain characters that need to be escaped using the `\x` notation. For example:

    char foo[] = &quot;\xABEcho&quot;;

However, g++ (version 4.1.2 if it matters) throws an error:

    test.cpp:1: error: hex escape sequence out of range

The compiler appears to be considering the `Ec` characters as part of the preceding hex number (because they look like hex digits). Since a four digit hex number won&#39;t fit in a `char`, an error is raised. Obviously for a wide string literal `L&quot;\xABEcho&quot;` the first character would be U+ABEC, followed by `L&quot;ho&quot;`.

It seems this has changed sometime in the past couple of decades and I never noticed. I&#39;m almost certain that old C compilers would only consider *two* hex digits after `\x`, and not look any further.

I can think of one workaround for this:

    char foo[] = &quot;\xAB&quot;&quot;Echo&quot;;

but that&#39;s a bit ugly. So I have three questions:

- When did this change?

- Why doesn&#39;t the compiler only accept &gt;2-digit hex escapes for wide string literals?

- Is there a workaround that&#39;s less awkward than the above?

When did C++ compilers start considering more than two hex digits in string literal character escapes?

From the [Java tutorial][1]:


&gt;Finally, there&#39;s also a special kind of literal called a *class literal*, formed by taking a type name and appending &quot;`.class`&quot;; for example, `String.class`. This refers to the object (of type `Class`) that represents the type itself.

To what type of variable can this literal be assigned to?

Please give a small example if possible.

  [1]: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/nutsandbolts/datatypes.html

What is a class literal in Java?

I am following the Python tutorial and at some point they talk about how the 1st statement of a function can be a String Literal. As far as the example goes, this String Literal seems to be done with three `&quot;`s, giving in the [example][1]

    &quot;&quot;&quot;Print a Fibonacci series up to n.&quot;&quot;&quot;

According to this documentation, this would be used mainly to create some kind of automatically produced documentation.

So I am wondering if someone here could explain to me what are these string literals exactly?

  [1]: http://docs.python.org/release/2.7.3/tutorial/controlflow.html#defining-functions

String literal with triple quotes in function definitions

I have read [this](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6895522/is-0-a-decimal-literal-or-an-octal-literal). It&#39;s octal in C++ and decimal in Java. But no description about C?

Is it going to make any difference if 0 is octal or decimal? This is the question asked by my interviewer. I said no and I explained that it is always 0 regardless whether it is octal or decimal.

Then he asked why is it considered as octal in C++ and decimal in Java. I said it&#39;s the standard. Please let me know what is it in C? Will it make any difference? Why are they different in different standards?


Is 0 an octal or a decimal in C?

I am looking for the VB.NET equivalent of

    var strings = new string[] {&quot;abc&quot;, &quot;def&quot;, &quot;ghi&quot;};

How to declare an array inline in VB.NET

I have a program which declares an array of strings like this:

    char *colors[4] = {&quot;red&quot;, &quot;orange&quot;, &quot;yellow&quot;, &quot;blue&quot;};

But I get the above compiler warning. It compiles but I&#39;d rather use the non-deprecated way(if there is one). I&#39;ve tried to find out what it means, but I can&#39;t seem to figure it out. I&#39;ve heard using &#39;const&#39; before &#39;char&#39; works, but it would be helpful if someone could explain what the error means. Thanks.

Deprecated conversion from string literal to &#39;char*&#39;

I read some C# article to combine a path using `Path.Combine`(part1,part2).

It uses the following:

    string part1 = @&quot;c:\temp&quot;;
    string part2 = @&quot;assembly.txt&quot;;

May I know what is the use of `@` in part1 and part2?


All Literals Solutions on Gang of Coders

Total of 48 Literals Solutions