A spec, short for specification, comes from behavior driven testing, and encourages the mindset where you are defining &#39;what&#39; the software does.

Calling it a test leads to a much more general way of thinking about the code, and does not reinforce the idea that you should be testing the interface (instead of the implementation) as well. 

That said, regardless of how you write them, or what you call them, the point is to have an automated way of verifying the correctness of your code, so that you can proceed with confidence.

Google for tests vs. Specs. Some good reads pop up:

* https://sites.google.com/site/unclebobconsultingllc/specs-vs-tests
* http://betterspecs.org/

My opinion is, that specs read more &#39;natural&#39; and feel more like true specifications of the functionality of the code when compared to mini-test et.al.

Rspec is a good example of a DSL, specifically written to write tests that make sense when read, even for people less technically inclined.

But in the end, use whatever makes you feel more comfortable. A test written is almost always better then no test written, because you feel uncomfortable using the testing framework

**edit**

After rereading your question, you seem to specifically ask about mini-test specs. It is an addition to minitests which adds rspec-like syntax to minitest. Everything above still applies.

I have some problem using ajax.

How can I assign all result from ajax into outside variable ?

I google it up and found this code..

    var return_first = (function () {
    	var tmp = null;
    	$.ajax({
    		&#39;async&#39;: false,
    		&#39;type&#39;: &quot;POST&quot;,
    		&#39;global&#39;: false,
    		&#39;dataType&#39;: &#39;html&#39;,
    		&#39;url&#39;: &quot;ajax.php?first&quot;,
    		&#39;data&#39;: { &#39;request&#39;: &quot;&quot;, &#39;target&#39;: arrange_url, &#39;method&#39;: method_target },
    		&#39;success&#39;: function (data) {
    			tmp = data;
    		}
    	});
    	return tmp;
    });

but not work for me..

Can anybody tell what is wrong about that code ?


jQuery return ajax result into outside variable

I have several switch statements which test an `enum`. All `enum` values must be handled in the `switch` statements by a `case` statement. During code refactoring it can happen that the `enum` shrinks and grows. When the `enum` shrinks the compiler throws an error. But no error is thrown, if the the `enum` grows. The matching state gets forgotten and produces a run time error. I would like to move this error from run time to compile time. Theoretically it should be possible to detect the missing `enum` cases at compile time. Is there any way to achieve this?

The question exists already &quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3999942/how-to-detect-a-new-value-was-added-to-an-enum-and-is-not-handled-in-a-switch?rq=1&quot; but it does not contain an answer only an Eclipse related work around.


How to ensure completeness in an enum switch at compile time?

I decided to try out [MiniTest][1] and noticed pretty quickly that it supported something called &quot;specs&quot;. I had seen these [referenced before][2] but thought it was just an alternate test syntax associated with factories, but if that were the case then why would MiniTest need to support them both?

We only covered tests when I was taught Ruby on Rails, so I don&#39;t really know anything about specs. When I Google specs I find a lot of stuff about how to write good ones but nothing explaining what they *are*. What&#39;s the difference between tests and specs?


  [1]: http://bfts.rubyforge.org/minitest/
  [2]: http://railscasts.com/episodes/158-factories-not-fixtures

What&#39;s the difference between tests and specs?

I decided to try out <a href="http://bfts.rubyforge.org/minitest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">MiniTest</a> and noticed pretty quickly that it supported something called "specs". I had seen these <a href="http://railscasts.com/episodes/158-factories-not-fixtures" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">referenced before</a> but thought it was just an alternate test syntax associated with factories, but if that were the case then why would MiniTest need to support them both?
We only covered tests when I was taught Ruby on Rails, so I don't really know anything about specs. When I Google specs I find a lot of stuff about how to write good ones but nothing explaining what they are. What's the difference between tests and specs?

I have a record ``foo`` in the database which has `:start_time` and `:timezone` attributes.

The `:start_time` is a Time in UTC - `2001-01-01 14:20:00`, for example.
The `:timezone` is a string - `America/New_York`, for example.

I want to create a new Time object with the value of `:start_time` but whose timezone is specified by `:timezone`. I do not want to load the `:start_time` and then convert to `:timezone`, because Rails will be clever and update the time from UTC to be consistent with that timezone.

Currently,

    t = foo.start_time
    =&gt; 2000-01-01 14:20:00 UTC
    t.zone
    =&gt; &quot;UTC&quot;
    t.in_time_zone(&quot;America/New_York&quot;)
    =&gt; Sat, 01 Jan 2000 09:20:00 EST -05:00
    
Instead, I want to see

    =&gt; Sat, 01 Jan 2000 14:20:00 EST -05:00
    
ie. I want to do:

    t
    =&gt; 2000-01-01 14:20:00 UTC
    t.zone = &quot;America/New_York&quot;
    =&gt; &quot;America/New_York&quot;
    t
    =&gt; 2000-01-01 14:20:00 EST

Ruby / Rails - Change the timezone of a Time, without changing the value

I have read it from the Rails guides, Have looked at Micheal Hartel book and now reading it from Rails View book but still I get confused :(

There is a `_footer.html.erb`  file so it is a &quot;partial&quot;  and in the code it has written:

    &lt;%=render &#39;layouts/footer&#39; %&gt;

so my understanding is that when it sees this, goes and insert the HTML for footer file in here. Ok...
Now a few pages later it is saying:

    &lt;%= render partial: &#39;activitiy_items/recent&#39; %&gt;

so WHY this time we have the word &quot;partial&quot; in here but we didn&#39;t have it in the previous one?

And there somewhere else I see `&lt;%= yield :sidebar %&gt;`

So this `yield` also insert HTML in its place? Well wasn&#39;t it what `render` was doing? 

I was hoping if another programmer instead of books explains this to me maybe I get it this time:)

Difference between Render and Render Partial and Yield

I would like to view some variables in controller, it tried the following:

`Rails.logger.debug &quot;Year: #{Time.now.year}&quot;`
    
`puts &quot;Year: #{Time.now.year}, Month: #{@month}&quot;`

where can I see the output for Logger or Puts in production mode?  Do I need so set something up to view these somewhere?

Logging in Ruby on Rails in Production Mode

Are we supposed to use something else aside from `image-url` and others in Rails 4? They return different values that don&#39;t seem to make sense. If I have `logo.png` in `/app/assets/images/logo.png` and I do the following, this is what I get:

    image-url(&quot;logo.png&quot;) -&gt; url(&quot;/images/logo.png&quot;) #obviously doesn&#39;t work
    image-path(&quot;logo.png&quot;) -&gt; &quot;/images/logo.png&quot;
    asset-url(&quot;logo.png&quot;) -&gt; url(&quot;/logo.png&quot;)

Of course none of these work because they need at least `/assets` in front.

***UPDATE***: Actually, I just noticed, how do I access images in Rails 4? I have an image at `/app/assets/images/logo.png`. But if I go to any of the following URLs, I still don&#39;t see my image:

    http://localhost:3000/assets/logo.png
    http://localhost:3000/assets/images/logo.png
    http://localhost:3000/logo.png
    http://localhost:3000/images/logo.png

***UPDATE 2***: The only way I can bring up my `logo.png` is by moving it into the `/app/assets/stylesheets` directory and then pulling up:

    http://localhost:3000/assets/logo.png

Rails 4 image-path, image-url and asset-url no longer work in SCSS files

Is there anyway I can order the results (`ASC`/`DESC`) by number of items returned from the child model (`Jobs`)?

    @featured_companies = Company.joins(:jobs).group(Job.arel_table[:company_id]).order(Job.arel_table[:company_id].count).limit(10)

For example:  I need to print the Companies with highest jobs on top



Rails order by results count of has_many association

I have a class with a method that returns an object of type `User`


    public class CustomMembershipProvider : MembershipProvider
    {
    	public virtual User GetUser(string username, string password, string email, bool isApproved)
    	{
    		return new User()
    			{
    				Name = username
    				,Password = EncodePassword(password)
    				,Email = email
    				,Status = (isApproved ? UsuarioStatusEnum.Ativo : UsuarioStatusEnum.ConfirmacaoPendente)
    				// ...
    			};
    	}
    
    	// ..
    }


`User` is a domain object. Note the `Id` property with **setter as protected**:

    public class User : IAuditable, IUser
    {
    	public virtual int Id { get; protected set; }
    	public virtual string Name { get; set; }
    	public virtual string Email { get; set; }
    	public virtual UsuarioStatusEnum Status { get; set; }
    	public virtual string Password { get; set; }
    }

*Id is protected because it is generated by the database.*

## Test project

In my Test project I have a Fake repository with a method `Store` to save/update the object:


    public void Store(T obj)
    {
    	if (obj.Id &gt; 0)
    		_context[obj.Id] = obj;
    	else
    	{
    		var generateId =  _context.Values.Any() ? _context.Values.Max(p =&gt; p.Id) + 1 : 1;
    		var stubUser = Mock.Get&lt;T&gt;(obj); // In test, will always mock
    		stubUser.Setup(s =&gt; s.Id).Returns(generateId);
    		_context.Add(generateId, stubUser.Object);
    	}
    }


In `CustomMembershipProvider` I have `public override MembershipUser CreateUser` method that calls the `GetUser` to create a `User`.  
This way, all I have to do is mock the `GetUser` method so that the repository can generate the `Id`


    var membershipMoq = new Mock&lt;CustomMembershipProvider&gt;();
    membershipMoq.CallBase = true;
    membershipMoq
    	.Setup(p =&gt; p.GetUser(It.IsAny&lt;string&gt;(), It.IsAny&lt;string&gt;(), It.IsAny&lt;string&gt;(), It.IsAny&lt;bool&gt;()))
    	.Returns&lt;string, string, string, bool&gt;( (username, password, email, isAproved) =&gt; {
    		var moqUser = new Mock&lt;User&gt;();
    		moqUser.Object.Name = username;
    		moqUser.Object.Password = password;
    		moqUser.Object.Email = email;
    		moqUser.Object.Status = (isAproved ? UsuarioStatusEnum.Ativo : UsuarioStatusEnum.ConfirmacaoPendente);
    		return moqUser.Object;
    	});
    _membershipProvider = membershipMoq.Object;
    
## Problem  

In theory everything is correct. When `CreateUser` call &#39;GetUser&#39; to create a user, the user will return Mock filled;

    [TestMethod]
    public void CreateUser_deve_criar_usuario_no_repositorio()
    {
    	// Act
    	MembershipCreateStatus status;
    	var  usr = _membershipProvider.CreateUser(
    		_fixture.Create&lt;string&gt;(),
    		_fixture.Create&lt;string&gt;(),
    		_fixture.Create&lt;string&gt;(),
    		null, null, true, null,
    		out status);
    
    	// usr should have name, email password filled. But not!
    
    	// Assert
    	status.Should().Be(MembershipCreateStatus.Success);
    }
    
The problem is that Email, Name, Password are empty (with default values)!

![enter image description here][1]


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/WTpee.jpg

How to assign values to properties in moq?

I&#39;m having a fairly difficult time using `mock` in Python:


    def method_under_test():
        r = requests.post(&quot;http://localhost/post&quot;)
        
        print r.ok # prints &quot;&lt;MagicMock name=&#39;post().ok&#39; id=&#39;11111111&#39;&gt;&quot;

        if r.ok:
           return StartResult()
        else:
           raise Exception()

    class MethodUnderTestTest(TestCase):

        def test_method_under_test(self):
            with patch(&#39;requests.post&#39;) as patched_post:
                patched_post.return_value.ok = True

                result = method_under_test()

                self.assertEqual(type(result), StartResult,
                    &quot;Failed to return a StartResult.&quot;)

The test actually returns the right value, but `r.ok` is a Mock object, not `True`. How do you mock attributes in Python&#39;s `mock` library?

Mock attributes in Python mock?

When I run karma on my webapp, I only get generic messages like tests passed - is there a way to get a list of passing tests? How do I get more verbose output? 

I cannot find this anywhere in the documentation.

How can I get a list of passing tests from karma runner suite?

Rubyist writing Python here.  I&#39;ve got some code that looks kinda like this:

    result = database.Query(&#39;complicated sql with an id: %s&#39; % id)

`database.Query` is mocked out, and I want to test that the ID gets injected in correctly without hardcoding the entire SQL statement into my test.  In Ruby/RR, I would have done this:

    mock(database).query(/#{id}/)

But I can&#39;t see a way to set up a &#39;selective mock&#39; like that in unittest.mock, at least without some hairy `side_effect` logic.  So I tried using the regexp in the assertion instead:

    with patch(database) as MockDatabase:
      instance = MockDatabase.return_value
      ...
      instance.Query.assert_called_once_with(re.compile(&quot;%s&quot; % id))

But that doesn&#39;t work either.  This approach does work, but it&#39;s ugly:

    with patch(database) as MockDatabase:
      instance = MockDatabase.return_value
      ...
      self.assertIn(id, instance.Query.call_args[0][0])

Better ideas?


unittest.mock: asserting partial match for method argument

I&#39;m trying to figure out how to get `python setup.py test` to run the equivalent of `python -m unittest discover`.  I don&#39;t want to use a run_tests.py script and I don&#39;t want to use any external test tools (like `nose` or `py.test`).  It&#39;s OK if the solution only works on python 2.7.

In `setup.py`, I think I need to add something to the `test_suite` and/or `test_loader` fields in config, but I can&#39;t seem to find a combination that works correctly:

    config = {
        &#39;name&#39;: name,
        &#39;version&#39;: version,
        &#39;url&#39;: url,
        &#39;test_suite&#39;: &#39;???&#39;,
        &#39;test_loader&#39;: &#39;???&#39;,
    }

**Is this possible using only `unittest` built into python 2.7?**

FYI, my project structure looks like this:

    project/
      package/
        __init__.py
        module.py
      tests/
        __init__.py
        test_module.py
      run_tests.py &lt;- I want to delete this
      setup.py

**Update**: This is possible with `unittest2` but I want find something equivalent using only `unittest`

From https://pypi.python.org/pypi/unittest2

&gt; unittest2 includes a very basic setuptools compatible test collector. Specify test_suite = &#39;unittest2.collector&#39; in your setup.py. This starts test discovery with the default parameters from the directory containing setup.py, so it is perhaps most useful as an example (see unittest2/collector.py).

For now, I&#39;m just using a script called `run_tests.py`, but I&#39;m hoping I can get rid of this by moving to a solution that only uses `python setup.py test`.

Here&#39;s the `run_tests.py` I&#39;m hoping to remove:

    import unittest

    if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:
        
        # use the default shared TestLoader instance
        test_loader = unittest.defaultTestLoader
        
        # use the basic test runner that outputs to sys.stderr
        test_runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()
        
        # automatically discover all tests in the current dir of the form test*.py
        # NOTE: only works for python 2.7 and later
        test_suite = test_loader.discover(&#39;.&#39;)
        
        # run the test suite
        test_runner.run(test_suite)

How to run unittest discover from &quot;python setup.py test&quot;?

I am currently using selenium webdriver to parse through facebook user friends page and extract all ids from the AJAX script. But I need to scroll down to get all the friends. How can I scroll down in Selenium. I am using python.

How can I scroll a web page using selenium webdriver in python?

I&#39;m new on protractor, and I&#39;m trying to implement an e2e test.
I don&#39;t know if this is the right way to do this, but...
The page that I want to test is not a full angular page based, so... I&#39;m having some trouble.

On my first spec I have: 

    describe(&#39;should open contact page&#39;, function() {
    var ptor = protractor.getInstance();

    beforeEach(function(){

       var Login = require(&#39;./util/Login&#39;);
       new Login(ptor);
    });

I have created this Login class, but after login I want to open the contact page, but protractor immediately try to find element before the page is fully loaded.

I&#39;ve tried to use:

    browser.driver.wait(function() {

        expect(browser.findElement(by.xpath(&quot;//a[@href=&#39;#/contacts&#39;]&quot;)).isDisplayed());
        ptor.findElement(by.xpath(&quot;//a[@href=&#39;#/contacts&#39;]&quot;)).click();

    });

But it doesn&#39;t work... it always try to find the element before the page loads.
I tried this one too:

    browser.driver.wait(function() {
        expect(ptor.isElementPresent(by.xpath(&quot;//a[@href=&#39;#/contacts&#39;]&quot;)));          
        ptor.findElement(by.xpath(&quot;//a[@href=&#39;#/contacts&#39;]&quot;)).click();
    });

I&#39;m able to do that using `browser.sleep();` but I don&#39;t think that is a good option. Any idea? On my login class I have:

    ptor.ignoreSynchronization = true;

How can I wait for this `@href=&#39;#/contacts` before protractor tries to click on it?


How can I wait for a condition?

I&#39;m starting to learn Cypress. I have a 4 row table (with a class of datatable). I can verify the number of rows this way:

    cy.get(&#39;.datatable&#39;).find(&#39;tr&#39;).each(function(row, i){
            expect(i).to.be.lessThan(4)
    })

This is fine, but it seems awkward, since I just want to count the length and don&#39;t really need to access the stuff in the rows, and I assume it&#39;s faster to do one thing than do 4 things.

If I log the selection (not sure what else to call it):

    cy.log(cy.get(&#39;.datatable&#39;).find(&#39;tr&#39;))

it comes out as `[object Object]` and I&#39;m not quite sure how to deconstruct that, which suggests to me that I&#39;m thinking about this all wrong.

If I try:

    expect(cy.get(&#39;.datatable&#39;).find(&#39;tr&#39;)).to.have.lengthOf(4)

I get `AssertionError: expected { Object (chainerId, firstCall) } to have a property &#39;length&#39;`

If I try:

        expect(Cypress.$(&#39;.datatable &gt; tr&#39;)).to.have.lengthOf(4)

I get `AssertionError: expected { Object (length, prevObject, ...) } to have a length of 4 but got 0` so at least it has a length here?

If I log that method of selection I get `Object{4}`. I&#39;m not sure where to go from here. It seems like this would be a very common thing to deal with.

In Cypress how to count a selection of items and get the length?

I have a test case in which I have a link which opens in a new tab. Since Cypress doesn&#39;t support multiple tabs, I want to get the `href` attribute of that link and then open it in the same tab. I&#39;m trying to do it this way, but for some reason it doesn&#39;t work.

    it(&#39;Advertise link should refer to Contact page&#39;, () =&gt; {
		var link = document.querySelector(&quot;div.footer-nav &gt; ul &gt; li:nth-child(2) &gt; a&quot;).href;
		cy.visit(link);
		cy.title().should(&#39;include&#39;, &#39;Text&#39;);
    });

Cypress get href attribute

I&#39;m using Puppeteer and Jest to run some front end tests.

My tests look as follows:

&lt;!-- language: lang-html --&gt;

    describe(&quot;Profile Tab Exists and Clickable: /settings/user&quot;, () =&gt; {
        test(`Assert that you can click the profile tab`, async () =&gt; {
          await page.waitForSelector(PROFILE.TAB);
          await page.click(PROFILE.TAB);
        }, 30000);
    });

&lt;!-- end snippet --&gt;

Sometimes, when I run the tests, everything works as expectedly. Other times, I get an error:

&gt; Timeout - Async callback was not invoked within the 5000 ms timeout specified by jest.setTimeout.
&gt;
&gt;          at node_modules/jest-jasmine2/build/queue_runner.js:68:21 &lt;br/&gt;
&gt;          at Timeout.callback [as _onTimeout] (node_modules/jsdom/lib/jsdom/browser/Window.js:633:19)

This is strange because:

1. I specified the timeout to be 30000

2. Whether or not I get this error is seemingly very random

Why is this happening?







Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Oblivious Sage	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Ruby on-Rails	SciPhi	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Ruby on-Rails	Sascha Kaestle	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What's the difference between tests and specs?

Ruby on-Rails Problem Overview

Ruby on-Rails Solutions

Solution 1 - Ruby on-Rails

Solution 2 - Ruby on-Rails

How to ensure completeness in an enum switch at compile time?

jQuery return ajax result into outside variable

Attributions