| Visual C++ version         | _MSC_VER |
| -------------------------- | -------- |
| Visual C++ 4.x             |  1000    |
| Visual C++ 5               |  1100    |
| Visual C++ 6               |  1200    |
| Visual C++ .NET            |  1300    |
| Visual C++ .NET 2003       |  1310    |
| Visual C++ 2005  (8.0)     |  1400    |
| Visual C++ 2008  (9.0)     |  1500    |
| Visual C++ 2010 (10.0)     |  1600    |
| Visual C++ 2012 (11.0)     |  1700    |
| Visual C++ 2013 (12.0)     |  1800    |
| Visual C++ 2015 (14.0)     |  1900    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.0)     |  1910    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.3)     |  1911    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.5)     |  1912    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.6)     |  1913    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.7)     |  1914    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.8)     |  1915    |
| Visual C++ 2017 (15.9)     |  1916    |
| Visual C++ 2019 RTW (16.0) |  1920    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.1)     |  1921    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.2)     |  1922    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.3)     |  1923    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.4)     |  1924    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.5)     |  1925    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.6)     |  1926    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.7)     |  1927    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.8)     |  1928    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.9)     |  1928    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.10)    |  1929    |
| Visual C++ 2019 (16.11)    |  1929    |
| Visual Studio 2022 RTW (17.0)    |  1930    |


Source: the documentation for the [`_MSC_VER`][1] predefined macro


  [1]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/preprocessor/predefined-macros


`MSC v.1500` appears to be Visual C++ 2008 according to [this thread on the OpenCobol forums][1] (of all places).  

The [MSDN page on Predefined Macros][2] indicates 1500 to be the result of the `_MSC_VER` macro.

[This other forum post][3] mentions that 

&gt; (For reference, Visual Studio 2003 has `_MSC_VER` = 1310; Visual Studio 2005 has `_MSC_VER` = 1400; Visual Studio 2008 has `_MSC_VER` = 1500.) 

The above MSDN link said that 1600 indicates VS2010.

Strangely, I wasn&#39;t able to find that info about the earlier `_MSC_VER` values on MSDN.

  [1]: http://www.opencobol.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=743&amp;forum=1
  [2]: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/b0084kay.aspx
  [3]: http://www.nr.com/forum/showthread.php?t=1459

In Eclipse, is there a way you can set Method Breakpoints on all the methods of the class without going to individual methods? The motivation behind is that, any time a method gets hit, it would go to that method in debug mode. 

Add a method breakpoint to all methods of a class in EclipseIDE

The Android SDK has some convenience methods for manipulating data with SQLite.  However both the [insert] and [replace] methods use some `nullColumnHack` parameter which usage I don&#39;t understand.

The documentation explains it with the following, but what if a table has multiple columns that allow `NULL`? I really don&#39;t get it :/

&gt; SQL doesn&#39;t allow inserting a completely empty row, so if initialValues is empty, this column [*/row for replace*] will explicitly be assigned a `NULL` value.

  [insert]: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/database/sqlite/SQLiteDatabase.html#insert%28java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String,%20android.content.ContentValues%29   
  [replace]: http://developer.android.com/reference/android/database/sqlite/SQLiteDatabase.html#replace%28java.lang.String,%20java.lang.String,%20android.content.ContentValues%29

Android SQLite: nullColumnHack parameter in insert/replace methods

I am trying to find out the version of Visual Studio that is used to compile the Python on my computer

It says 

&lt;!-- language: lang-none --&gt;

    Python 2.6.2 (r262:71605, Apr 14 2009, 22:40:02) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32

What I do not understand is this `MSC V.1500` designation. Does it mean it is compiled with Visual Studio 2005? I cannot find this information on http://python.org.

What version of Visual Studio is Python on my computer compiled with?

I am trying to find out the version of Visual Studio that is used to compile the Python on my computer
It says

<pre><code class="hljs language-less">Python 2.6.2 (r262:71605, Apr 14 2009, 22:40:02) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
</code></pre>
What I do not understand is this <code>MSC V.1500</code> designation. Does it mean it is compiled with Visual Studio 2005? I cannot find this information on <a href="http://python.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://python.org</a>.

Given a function object, how can I get its signature? For example, for:

    def my_method(first, second, third=&#39;something&#39;):
        pass

I would like to get `&quot;my_method(first, second, third=&#39;something&#39;)&quot;`.

How can I read a function&#39;s signature including default argument values?

I am using py.test for unit testing my python program. I wish to debug my test code with the python debugger the normal way (by which I mean pdb.set_trace() in the code) but I can&#39;t make it work. 

Putting pdb.set_trace() in the code doesn&#39;t work (raises IOError: reading from stdin while output is captured). I have also tried running py.test with the option --pdb but that doesn&#39;t seem to do the trick if I want to explore what happens before my assertion. It breaks when an assertion fails, and moving on from that line means terminating the program.

Does anyone know a way to get debugging, or is debugging and py.test just not meant to be together?


Can I debug with python debugger when using py.test somehow?

I&#39;m looking for simple but recommended way in Django to store a variable in memory only.  When Apache restarts or the Django development server restarts, the variable is reset back to 0.  More specifically, I want to count how many times a particular action takes place on each model instance (database record), but for performance reasons, I don&#39;t want to store these counts in the database.  I don&#39;t care if the counts disappear after a server restart.  But as long as the server is up, I want these counts to be consistent between the Django shell and the web interface, and I want to be able to return how many times the action has taken place on each model instance.  

I don&#39;t want the variables to be associated with a user or session because I might want to return these counts without being logged in (and I want the counts to be consistent no matter what user is logged in).  Am I describing a global variable?  If so, how do I use one in Django?   I&#39;ve noticed the files like the urls.py, settings.py and models.py seems to be parsed only once per server startup (by contrast to the views.py which seems to be parsed eache time a request is made).  Does this mean I should declare my variables in one of those files?  Or should I store it in a model attribute somehow (as long as it sticks around for as long as the server is running)?  This is probably an easy question, but I&#39;m just not sure how it&#39;s done in Django.

Any comments or advice is much appreciated.
Thanks,
Joe

Python Django Global Variables

Should I give my class members default values like this:

    class Foo:
        num = 1

or like this?

    class Foo:
        def __init__(self):
            self.num = 1

In [this question][1] I discovered that in both cases,

    bar = Foo()
    bar.num += 1

is a well-defined operation.

I understand that the first method will give me a class variable while the second one will not. However, if I do not require a class variable, but only need to set a default value for my instance variables, are both methods equally good? Or one of them more &#39;pythonic&#39; than the other?

One thing I&#39;ve noticed is that in the Django tutorial, [they use the second method to declare Models.][2] Personally I think the second method is more elegant, but I&#39;d like to know what the &#39;standard&#39; way is.

[2]: http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/intro/tutorial01/#id3

[1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2424451/about-python-class-and-instance-variables

How should I declare default values for instance variables in Python?

Suppose code like this:

    class Base:
        def start(self):
            pass
        def stop(self)
            pass
    
    class A(Base):
        def start(self):
            ... do something for A
        def stop(self)
            .... do something for A
    
    class B(Base):
        def start(self):
    
        def stop(self):
    
    a1 = A(); a2 = A()
    b1 = B(); b2 = B()
    
    all = [a1, b1, b2, a2,.....]

Now I want to call methods start and stop (maybe also others) for each object in the list all. Is there any elegant way for doing this except of writing a bunch of functions like

    def start_all(all):
        for item in all:
            item.start()
    
    def stop_all(all):




How to call same method for a list of objects?

I&#39;ve been playing around with C# console applications for about a year and I want to move on to creating GUI applications. I have never done any GUI development besides basic Java applications, but I want to continue using C#. Should I start learning Windows Forms or jump straight to WPF? Is there a huge difference? Does WPF build on top of Windows Forms or are they totally different?

WPF or Windows Forms

I have multiple sites configured in IIS7 on my Windows 7 development machine to run on the same port and usually only run one at a time depending on what I&#39;m working on.  I would like to be able to start and stop my development sites from PowerShell instead of having the IIS manager opened.  Does anyone have a good resource to point me in the right direction or a script that already accomplishes this?

How can I stop and start individual websites in IIS using PowerShell?

Is there a way to install cURL in Windows in order to run cURL commands from the command prompt?

Run cURL commands from Windows console

I have in the same folder a `.bat` and a `.exe` file.
I couldn&#39;t call the `.exe` file from the `.bat` unless I put the full absolute path to it.
Is there a way to don&#39;t specify the path?

How to execute programs in the same directory as the windows batch file?

What&#39;s the UNC path to a folder on my local computer, and how can I access it?

I have tried:

1. Security for the folder – set to Everyone Full Control (for now!)
2. Sharing permissions – set to Everyone Full Control (for now!)

I can see the folder in `\\&lt;computername&gt;`, but can&#39;t go in (`&lt;foldername&gt;` is not accessible.)

Error message:
&gt;You might not have permission to use this network resource.  Contact the administrator of this server to find out if you have access permissions. The network location cannot be reached. For information about network troubleshooting, see Windows Help.

My computer is not connected to a network.

UNC path to a folder on my local computer

I just moved from [Visual Studio 2008][1] to [Visual&amp;nbsp;Studio&amp;nbsp;2010][2] (final) and noticed one major flaw:

When I try to use AutoComplete in a C++ source file for managed C++, a small note in the footer appears:

**IntelliSense for C++/CLI is not available**

Uh, has IntelliSense for C++/CLI been dropped from Visual&amp;nbsp;Studio&amp;nbsp;2010? Is there any way to get this back? It *is* rather useful...

  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio#Visual_Studio_2008
  [2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio#Visual_Studio_2010


No IntelliSense for C++/CLI in Visual Studio 2010?

Why doesn&#39;t Visual Studio have any way of showing line numbers in a source file? Is there any way to enable it, or a plugin for it? I know that the number of lines of code in a program doesn&#39;t matter, but sometimes it is nice to know how long a program is or the number of a particular line for reference.

Though I tried, I can&#39;t seem to find a way to enable line numbering and I find that surprising.

This is Visual Studio 2010 Ultimate. (If you have read my older questions, I&#39;ve been using 2008 Express until now.)

Enable the display of line numbers in Visual Studio

When I double click on an entry in my Error List or Find Results list in VS2010, it docks the newly opened source code file not in the large window where all my other source files go, but in the small narrow window at the bottom along with the error list etc.

How can I get it to put it up with the others by default?

If I double-click an item in Solution explorer it puts it in the right place

VS2010 docks code windows in the wrong place

I already know about &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt; + &lt;kbd&gt;L&lt;/kbd&gt; to delete an entire line...is there one to just select an entire line (which I can then copy and paste somewhere else...)



Visual Studio - Is there a keyboard combination to select an entire line?

I&#39;ve found the Visual Studio WCF test client quite useful when it comes to a quick test of my WCF service.
This is the test client found in this location relative to your Visual Studio install directory:

&gt; \Common7\IDE\WcfTestClient.exe

I have a few service calls that require a parameter of type System.Int32[]&lt;br&gt;
I can&#39;t seem to figure out what values to enter against for this parameter as i keep receiving the error
  
&gt; &#39;[value entered]&#39; is not a valid value for this type

Trying to enter the value 27 i have tried the following, but all fails

&gt; 27&lt;br/&gt;
&gt; { 27 }&lt;Br/&gt;
&gt; new System.Int32[] { 27 }

Can anyone please help with how to do this



Visual Studio Wcf Test Client - entering an Int array

error LNK2005: xxx already defined in MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR100.dll)	C:\something\LIBCMT.lib(setlocal.obj)

I know this.

**Calling C function from C++:**

If my application was in C++ and I had to call functions from a library written in C. Then I would have used 

    //main.cpp
    
    extern &quot;C&quot; void C_library_function(int x, int y);//prototype
    C_library_function(2,4);// directly using it.

This wouldn&#39;t mangle the name `C_library_function` and linker would find the same name in its input *.lib files and problem is solved.

**Calling C++ function from C???**

But here I&#39;m extending a large application which is written in C and I need to use a library which is written in C++. Name mangling of C++ is causing trouble here. Linker is complaining about the unresolved symbols. Well I cannot use C++ compiler over my C project because thats breaking lot of other stuff. What is the way out?

By the way I&#39;m using MSVC

How to call C++ function from C?

I compiled my bison-generated files in Visual Studio and got these errors:

&gt; ...\position.hh(83): error C2589: &#39;(&#39; : illegal token on right side of &#39;::&#39;  
&gt; ...\position.hh(83): error C2059: syntax error : &#39;::&#39;  
&gt; ...\position.hh(83): error C2589: &#39;(&#39; : illegal token on right side of &#39;::&#39;  
&gt; ...\position.hh(83): error C2059: syntax error : &#39;::&#39;

The corresponding code is:

    inline void columns (int count = 1)
    {
      column = std::max (1u, column + count);
    }

I think the problem is with std::max; if I change std::max to equivalent code then there is no problem anymore, but is there a better solution instead of changing the generated code?

Here is the bison file I wrote:

    //
    // bison.yy
    //
    
    %skeleton &quot;lalr1.cc&quot;
    %require &quot;2.4.2&quot;
    %defines
    %define parser_class_name &quot;cmd_parser&quot;
    %locations
    %debug
    %error-verbose
    
    %code requires {
    class ParserDriver;
    }
    
    %parse-param { ParserDriver&amp; driver }
    %lex-param { ParserDriver&amp; driver }
    
    %union {
        struct ast *a;
        double d;
        struct symbol *s;   
        struct symlist *sl;
        int fn;         
    }
    
    %code {
    #include &quot;helper_func.h&quot;
    #include &quot;ParserDriver.h&quot;
    std::string error_msg = &quot;&quot;;
    }
    
    %token &lt;d&gt; NUMBER
    %token &lt;s&gt; NAME
    %token &lt;fn&gt; FUNC
    %token EOL
    %token IF THEN ELSE WHILE DO LET
    %token SYM_TABLE_OVERFLOW
    %token UNKNOWN_CHARACTER
    
    %nonassoc &lt;fn&gt; CMP
    %right &#39;=&#39;
    %left &#39;+&#39; &#39;-&#39;
    %left &#39;*&#39; &#39;/&#39;
    %nonassoc &#39;|&#39; UMINUS
    
    %type &lt;a&gt; exp stmt list explist
    %type &lt;sl&gt; symlist
    
    %{
    extern int yylex(yy::cmd_parser::semantic_type *yylval,
     yy::cmd_parser::location_type* yylloc);
    %}
    
    %start calclist
    %%
    
    ... grammar rules ...



Problem calling std::max

Is it possible to run MATLAB functions from within Python?
I search the internet, I could only find PyMat. The bad thing is the compiled version only supports Python2.2 and I am using 2.6. So I tried to download the source code, so I can compile it for myself. But I cannot compile it, VC++ express seems not to have the necessary functionalities to compile it. Does anyone have the compile version for PC?
or any substitutes for PyMat?
Thanks

Calling MATLAB functions from python

Microsoft&#39;s C++ compiler and linker seem to have an odd relationship with `mspdb100.dll`. When run from the IDE, of course, the compiler and linker work fine. When running either one from the command line, I get an error.

No problem, I located the DLL and copied it to the directory. Now the compiler works fine, but the linker dies.

I could solve the problem by adding &quot;%VS10%\Common7\IDE&quot; to my PATH, but for various reasons (performance, system purity, OCD, etc), I don&#39;t want to do that. Why is this setup so touchy, and is there anything else I can do to solve it?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	leon	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Orhan Cinar	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	Mark Rushakoff	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What version of Visual Studio is Python on my computer compiled with?

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

Android SQLite: nullColumnHack parameter in insert/replace methods

Add a method breakpoint to all methods of a class in EclipseIDE

Attributions

Visual C++ version	_MSC_VER
Visual C++ 4.x	1000
Visual C++ 5	1100
Visual C++ 6	1200
Visual C++ .NET	1300
Visual C++ .NET 2003	1310
Visual C++ 2005 (8.0)	1400
Visual C++ 2008 (9.0)	1500
Visual C++ 2010 (10.0)	1600
Visual C++ 2012 (11.0)	1700
Visual C++ 2013 (12.0)	1800
Visual C++ 2015 (14.0)	1900
Visual C++ 2017 (15.0)	1910
Visual C++ 2017 (15.3)	1911
Visual C++ 2017 (15.5)	1912
Visual C++ 2017 (15.6)	1913
Visual C++ 2017 (15.7)	1914
Visual C++ 2017 (15.8)	1915
Visual C++ 2017 (15.9)	1916
Visual C++ 2019 RTW (16.0)	1920
Visual C++ 2019 (16.1)	1921
Visual C++ 2019 (16.2)	1922
Visual C++ 2019 (16.3)	1923
Visual C++ 2019 (16.4)	1924
Visual C++ 2019 (16.5)	1925
Visual C++ 2019 (16.6)	1926
Visual C++ 2019 (16.7)	1927
Visual C++ 2019 (16.8)	1928
Visual C++ 2019 (16.9)	1928
Visual C++ 2019 (16.10)	1929
Visual C++ 2019 (16.11)	1929
Visual Studio 2022 RTW (17.0)	1930