Visual Studio 2015 doesn&#39;t install C++ by default. You have to rerun the setup, select Modify and then check Programming Language -&gt; C++

In Visual Studio 2019 you can find cl.exe inside &lt;br

    

    32-BIT : C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.20.27508\bin\Hostx86\x86
    64-BIT : C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.20.27508\bin\Hostx64\x64

Before trying to compile either run vcvars32 for 32-Bit compilation or vcvars64 for 64-Bit.

    32-BIT : &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars32.bat&quot;
    64-BIT : &quot;C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat&quot;

If you can&#39;t find the file or the directory, try going to `C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC` and see if you can find a folder with a version number. If you can&#39;t, then you probably haven&#39;t installed C++ through the Visual Studio Installation yet.

For me that have Visual Studio 2015 this works:  
Search this in the start menu: `Developer Command Prompt for VS2015` and run the program in the search result.  
You can now execute your command in it, for example: `cl /?`  

For first need check is installed **cl.exe**,
open Developer Command Prompt for VS2015 and type &quot;where cl&quot;
When its founded on the PC need add **$(VC_LibraryPath_x64)**, **$(WindowsSDK_LibraryPath_x64)** and **$(NETFXKitsDir)Lib\um\x64** to *Project-&gt;Properties-&gt;VC++ Directories*

ES6 is fully available in Node 4. I was wondering whether it includes a concept of interface to define method contracts as in `MyClass implements MyInterface`. 

I can&#39;t find much with my Googling, but maybe there is a nice trick or workaround available.

Is there a way to create interfaces in ES6 / Node 4?

I want to simplify an array of objects. Let&#39;s assume that I have following array:

    var users = [{
        name: &#39;John&#39;,
        email: &#39;johnson@mail.com&#39;,
        age: 25,
        address: &#39;USA&#39;
        },
        {
            name: &#39;Tom&#39;,
            email: &#39;tom@mail.com&#39;,
            age: 35,
            address: &#39;England&#39;
        },
        {
            name: &#39;Mark&#39;,
            email: &#39;mark@mail.com&#39;,
            age: 28,
            address: &#39;England&#39;
    }];

And filter object:

    var filter = {address: &#39;England&#39;, name: &#39;Mark&#39;};

For example i need to filter all users by address and name, so i do loop through filter object properties and check it out:

    function filterUsers (users, filter) {
        var result = [];
        for (var prop in filter) {
            if (filter.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
    
                //at the first iteration prop will be address
                for (var i = 0; i &lt; filter.length; i++) {
                    if (users[i][prop] === filter[prop]) {
                        result.push(users[i]);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

 So during first iteration when `prop - address` will be equal `&#39;England&#39;` two users will be added to array result (with name Tom and Mark), but on the second iteration when `prop name` will be equal `Mark` only the last user should be added to array result, but i end up with two elements in array. 

I have got a little idea as why is it happening but still stuck on it and could not find a good solution to fix it. Any help is appreciable. Thanks.

javascript filter array multiple conditions

I downloaded Visual C++ and Visual Studio, but I  cannot find `cl.exe` to compile my C++ file. The path to the install is `C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\bin.

Where can I find the compiler to compile C++ code?

Visual Studio 2015 doesn&#39;t have cl.exe

<p>I downloaded Visual C++ and Visual Studio, but I  cannot find <code>cl.exe</code> to compile my C++ file. The path to the install is `C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\bin.</p>
<p>Where can I find the compiler to compile C++ code?</p>


I&#39;m using g++ 4.8.4 on Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. When trying to compile with &#39;-std=c++14&#39;, I get this error:

    g++: error unrecognized command line option &#39;-std=c++14&#39;

Compiling with &#39;-std=c++11&#39; works fine, so I&#39;m not sure what&#39;s going on. Does g++ really have no support for c++14 yet? Am I using a wrong command line option?

I used &quot;sudo apt-get install g++&quot; which should automatically retrieve the latest version, is that correct?

Compile c++14-code with g++

I have a directory structure for my C++ code which goes like this :

    |
    |-&gt;include
    |-&gt;src

I am writing a CMakeLists.txt  file for my code. I want to understand the difference between `include_directories` and `target_include_directories` in `CMake`.

What is the difference between their usage and in order to add my include file path which one should I be using?

What is the difference between include_directories and target_include_directories in CMake?

Section 23.3.7 Class `vector&lt;bool&gt;` [vector.bool], paragraph 1 states:

    template &lt;class Allocator&gt; class vector&lt;bool, Allocator&gt; {
    public:
        // types:
        typedef bool              const_reference;
        ...

However this program fails to compile when using libc++:

    #include &lt;vector&gt;
    #include &lt;type_traits&gt;

    int
    main()
    {
        static_assert(std::is_same&lt;std::vector&lt;bool&gt;::const_reference, bool&gt;{}, &quot;?&quot;);
    }

Furthermore I note that the C++ standard has been consistent in this specification all the way back to C++98.  And I further note that libc++ has consistently not followed this specification since the first introduction of libc++.

What is the motivation for this non-conformance?

Why is libc++&#39;s vector&lt;bool&gt;::const_reference not bool?

I understand that `std::atomic&lt;&gt;` is an atomic object. But atomic to what extent? To my understanding an operation can be atomic. What exactly is meant by making an object atomic? For example if there are two threads concurrently executing the following code:

    a = a + 12;

Then is the entire operation (say `add_twelve_to(int)`) atomic? Or are changes made to the variable atomic (so `operator=()`)? 

What exactly is std::atomic?

First of all I have this image and I want to make an application that can detect images like it and remove the circle (watermark) from it.

[![image has a watermark][1]][1]


    int main(){
        Mat im1,im2,im3,gray,gray2,result;

        im2=imread(&quot; (2).jpg&quot;);
        namedWindow(&quot;x&quot;,CV_WINDOW_FREERATIO);
        imshow(&quot;x&quot;,im2);

        //converting it to gray
        cvtColor(im2,gray,CV_BGR2GRAY);
        // creating a new image that will have the cropped ellipse
        Mat ElipseImg(im2.rows,im2.cols,CV_8UC1,Scalar(0,0,0));

        //detecting the largest circle
        GaussianBlur(gray,gray,Size(5,5),0);
        vector&lt;Vec3f&gt; circles;
        HoughCircles(gray,circles,CV_HOUGH_GRADIENT,1,gray.rows/8,100,100,100,0);

        uchar x;
        int measure=0;int id=0;
        for(int i=0;i&lt;circles.size();i++){
            if(cvRound(circles[i][2])&gt;measure &amp;&amp; cvRound(circles[i][2])&lt;1000){
                measure=cvRound(circles[i][2]);
                id=i;
            }
        }


        Point center(cvRound(circles[id][0]),cvRound(circles[id][1]));
        int radius=cvRound(circles[id][2]);
        circle(im2,center,3,Scalar(0,255,0),-1,8,0);
        circle(im2,center,radius,Scalar(0,255,0),2,8,0);
        ellipse(ElipseImg,center,Size(radius,radius),0,0,360,Scalar(255,255,255),-1,8);
        cout&lt;&lt;&quot;center: &quot;&lt;&lt;center&lt;&lt;&quot; radius: &quot;&lt;&lt;radius&lt;&lt;endl;



        Mat res;
        bitwise_and(gray,ElipseImg,result);
        namedWindow(&quot;bitwise and&quot;,CV_WINDOW_FREERATIO);
        imshow(&quot;bitwise and&quot;,result);

        // trying to estimate the Intensity  of the circle for the thresholding
        x=result.at&lt;uchar&gt;(cvRound(circles[id][0]+30),cvRound(circles[id][1]));
        cout&lt;&lt;(int)x;

        //thresholding the  output image
        threshold(ElipseImg,ElipseImg,(int)x-10,250,CV_THRESH_BINARY);
        namedWindow(&quot;threshold&quot;,CV_WINDOW_FREERATIO);
        imshow(&quot;threshold&quot;,ElipseImg);

        // making bitwise_or
        bitwise_or(gray,ElipseImg,res);
        namedWindow(&quot;bitwise or&quot;,CV_WINDOW_FREERATIO);
        imshow(&quot;bitwise or&quot;,res);

        waitKey(0);
    }

So far what I made is:

1. I convert it to grayscale 
2. I detect the largest circle using Hough circles and then make a circle with same radius in a new image 
3. This new circle with the gray-scaled one using (`bitwise_and`) gives me an image with only that circle
4. Threshold that new image
5. `bitwise_or` the result of the threshold

My problem is that any black text on the curved white line inside this circle didn&#39;t appear. I tried to remove the color by using the pixel values instead of threshold, but the problem is the same.
So any solutions or suggestions?

These are the results:
[![enter image description here][2]][2]


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/YZeOg.jpg
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/eaaD4.png

Removing watermark out of an image using OpenCV

I was writing a unit test on a piece of code that returned JSON. The type that it returns is an anonymous type, so I thought to verify the values on it I&#39;d just cast the object to a `dynamic` to do my assertions.

However, when I do that, my build fails but I don&#39;t have any error messages. I was able to reproduce this with very simple code in a new Unit Test Project:

    [TestMethod]
    public void TestMethod1()
    {
        var obj = new { someValue = true };

        dynamic asDynamic = obj;

        Assert.IsTrue(asDynamic.someValue);
    }

See below for a screenshot of the build failing

[![build failing][1]][1]

The build succeeds when I comment out the assertion though:

[![build succeeding without assert][2]][2]

In contrast, I ran the following code in LinqPad 5 beta (which uses the Roslyn compiler) and had no issues:

    var obj = new { someValue = true };
    dynamic asDynamic = obj;
    Console.WriteLine((asDynamic.someValue == true).ToString());

&gt;True

What&#39;s going on here? Since the error isn&#39;t showing I can&#39;t tell if I&#39;m using `dynamic` incorrectly, or if it can&#39;t find the overload to use for `IsTrue()` because of the `dynamic`, or if this is a bug in the compiler (though I highly doubt this, I don&#39;t have any evidence that there&#39;s something wrong with my code).

Regarding the overload issue, I tried `Assert.IsTrue((bool)asDynamic.someValue);` but the build still fails, still no error message.

Per @RonBeyer&#39;s comment, I had also tried more casting such as below to no avail:

        dynamic asDynamic = (dynamic)obj;
        Assert.IsTrue(((dynamic)asDynamic).someValue);

        Assert.IsTrue((bool)asDynamic.somevalue);

Upon closer inspection, I found that there was an error listed in the Output window:


&gt; c:\...\DynamicBuildFailTest\UnitTest1.cs(16,33,16,42): error CS0656: Missing compiler required member &#39;Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.CSharpArgumentInfo.Create&#39;

Okay, VS2013 is better at reporting the errors, I will search based on those:

[![enter image description here][3]][3]

Okay, [adding a reference to Microsoft.CSharp fixed the build error](https://stackoverflow.com/a/13568247/526704), but I will leave this question open because it&#39;s presumably an issue with VS2015 that (in my mind) should be resolved.

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/pxQnz.png
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/PYKCt.png
  [3]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/TClxn.png

VS2015 build fails with no error message with Dynamic

This is what I get even when I run in the Debug configuration:

[![][1]][1]

The way I got this to show was by enabling *&quot;Just My Code&quot;* and warn if there isn&#39;t any user code on launch. This is something that recently happened to our project, and I&#39;m not sure what we did to cause this. But I&#39;ve been unable to fix it. Breakpoints won&#39;t fire and quick watch gives weird results.

I&#39;ve tried googling the issue, but none of the standard &quot;break points won&#39;t fire&quot; solutions have worked. I&#39;m all out of ideas.

I&#39;ve checked the configuration manager and every project is also set to Debug there as well.

[![Enter image description here][2]][2]

I turned off &quot;Enable Optimaizations&quot;, and I no longer get the &quot;you are debugging a Release build&quot; dialog. It runs and stops on breakpoints again! However the output window displays this at start up:

&gt; Symbols for the module &#39;Navigo.exe&#39; were not loaded.
&gt;
&gt; 1. Use a debug build configuration or disable the debug option &#39;Enable Just My Code&#39;.
&gt; 2. Check the &#39;Symbols&#39; settings under debugging options.

So this solves my *primary* problem of no longer being able to use breakpoints and the popup. Which is odd since I thought you needed symbols to be loaded for breakpoints to work. So how can the breakpoints work if the symbols aren&#39;t loaded? Maybe it&#39;s just a bad message?

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/L51uS.png
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/AoFCl.png



Visual Studio 2015 project no longer runs in debug mode

After using VS2015 snapshot and profiling tools, I can&#39;t seem to get the diagnostics tools to work again. Every project, even new ones just say the following 

&gt; The Diagnostic Tools window does not support the current debugging
&gt; configuration.

[![enter image description here][1]][1]


Tried creating new and different type projects, running as administrator, deleting program data, app data, repairing and re-installing from uninstall.


Anyone experienced this?, shame as they&#39;ve improved this tool a lot in this version.

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/iu3e5.png

Visual Studio 2015 diagnostics tool does not support current debugging configuration

In C# I usually use `String` when I&#39;m utilizing a method and `string` when declaring a variable. I read elsewhere that this is the preferred method to keep things clean and that made sense to me. In Visual Studio 2015, I&#39;m getting a new message I haven&#39;t gotten before when I use `String`: `Name can be simplified`. The VS suggestion is to use `string` instead.

Why is `string` now preferred over `String` in VS2015 whereas it wasn&#39;t in 2013??

Not a duplicate of [this question](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7074). That one asks what the difference is overall, I&#39;m asking why VS is now suggesting one over the other; I don&#39;t know if a technical difference has changed or something to that effect.

Why is &quot;string&quot; considered a simplified version of &quot;String&quot;?

I have downloaded the Visual Studio Community 2015 (free version) and I don&#39;t see when the expiration date is.

I have tried to see the expiration date at Help Menu -&gt; About Microsoft Visual Studio and there is no expiration date there.

Is there any expiration date (I have a Microsoft account)? If yes, Where can I see it? Or until when is it?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Vincent Han	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - C++	Victor Hurdugaci	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - C++	user7090116	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - C++	Milad	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - C++	Roma	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Visual Studio 2015 doesn't have cl.exe

C++ Problem Overview

C++ Solutions

Solution 1 - C++

Solution 2 - C++

Solution 3 - C++

Solution 4 - C++

javascript filter array multiple conditions

Is there a way to create interfaces in ES6 / Node 4?

Attributions