Because you didn&#39;t uncheck &quot;Prefer intrinsic predefined type keyword when declaring locals, parameters and members&quot; 
found under
**Tools &gt; Options &gt; Text Editor &gt; C# &gt; Code Style** 


VS2017-2019 **Tools &gt; Options &gt; Text Editor &gt; C# &gt; Code Style (&gt;predefined type preferences:) &gt; For member access expressions**

select &quot;**Prefer framework type**&quot;

----------

VS2015 **Tools &gt; Options &gt; Text Editor &gt; C# &gt; Code Style**

uncheck &quot;**Prefer intrinsic predefined type keyword in member access expressions**&quot;

----------

Example given in VS2015-2019 for this option flips 

`var local = int.MaxValue` (Prefer predefined type /ticked)

to 

`var local = Int32.MaxValue` (Prefer framework type /unticked)

----------
**ReSharper** - to disable it/configure the inspection severity, it is the &quot;Replace built-in type reference with a CLR type name or a keyword&quot; rule.

Now nothing hints at me to change `String.Format()` to `string.Format()`

Because it doesn&#39;t require `using System;` at the top.

string is an alias in C# for System.String. So technically, there is no difference. It&#39;s kinda like int vs. System.Int32.

As far as the what you &#39;Should&#39; do, string is the preferred object for variables and String for classes as it the practised choice.

usually seen like this

    string example = &quot;hello world&quot;;
    
    string example = String.Format(&quot;Hello World {0}!&quot;, example);



I&#39;m working with Spring Boot 1.3.0.M4 and a MySQL database.

I have a problem when using modifying queries, the EntityManager contains outdated entities after the query has executed.

### Original JPA Repository: ###

&lt;!-- language: lang-java --&gt;

    public interface EmailRepository extends JpaRepository&lt;Email, Long&gt; {
    
        @Transactional
        @Modifying
        @Query(&quot;update Email e set e.active = false where e.active = true and e.expire &lt;= NOW()&quot;)
        Integer deactivateByExpired();
    
    }

Suppose we have *Email [id=1, active=true, expire=2015/01/01]* in DB.

After executing:

&lt;!-- language: lang-java --&gt;

    emailRepository.save(email);
    emailRepository.deactivateByExpired();
    System.out.println(emailRepository.findOne(1L).isActive()); // prints true!! it should print false


----------


### First approach to solve the problem: add ***clearAutomatically = true*** ###

&lt;!-- language: lang-java --&gt;

    public interface EmailRepository extends JpaRepository&lt;Email, Long&gt; {
    
        @Transactional
        @Modifying(clearAutomatically = true)
        @Query(&quot;update Email e set e.active = false where e.active = true and e.expire &lt;= NOW()&quot;)
        Integer deactivateByExpired();
    
    }

This approach clears the persistence context not to have outdated values, but it drops all non-flushed changes still pending in the EntityManager. As I use only *`save()`* methods and not *`saveAndFlush()`* some changes are lost for other entities :(


----------


### Second approach to solve the problem: custom implementation for repository ###

&lt;!-- language: lang-java --&gt;

    public interface EmailRepository extends JpaRepository&lt;Email, Long&gt;, EmailRepositoryCustom {
    
    }
    
    public interface EmailRepositoryCustom {
    
        Integer deactivateByExpired();
    
    }
    
    public class EmailRepositoryImpl implements EmailRepositoryCustom {
    
        @PersistenceContext
        private EntityManager entityManager;
    
        @Transactional
        @Override
        public Integer deactivateByExpired() {
            String hsql = &quot;update Email e set e.active = false where e.active = true and e.expire &lt;= NOW()&quot;;
            Query query = entityManager.createQuery(hsql);
            entityManager.flush();
            Integer result = query.executeUpdate();
            entityManager.clear();
            return result;
        }
    
    }

This approach works similar to `@Modifying(clearAutomatically = true)` but it first forces the EntityManager to flush all changes to DB before executing the update and then it clears the persistence context. This way there won&#39;t be outdated entities and all changes will be saved in DB.


----------


I would like to know if there&#39;s a better way to execute update statements in JPA without having the issue of the outdated entities and without the manual flush to DB. Perhaps disabling the 2nd level cache? How can I do it in Spring Boot?


----------


**Update 2018**

Spring Data JPA approved my PR, there&#39;s a `flushAutomatically` option in `@Modifying()` now.

&lt;!-- language: lang-java --&gt;

    @Modifying(flushAutomatically = true, clearAutomatically = true)



Spring Boot Data JPA - Modifying update query - Refresh persistence context

I&#39;m attempting to use `Object.assign()` in an ES6 web app compiled by Babel with webpack, but I&#39;m getting an error:

    Uncaught TypeError: Object.assign is not a function

I&#39;m already using [`babel-loader`][1] to transpile ES6 to ES5, so all my other ES6 code is working. Yet, `Object.assign()` only works after I also `import &quot;babel-core/polyfill&quot;` in my codebase. I see that I can also fix this [by importing babel-runtime][2], but I&#39;d like to understand _why_ `Object.assign()` requires more than what `babel-loader` performs — shouldn&#39;t `babel-loader` preprocess everything, including `Object.assign()`?


  [1]: https://github.com/babel/babel-loader
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32123050/use-babel-loader-but-object-assign-is-not-a-function

Why does Object.assign() require a polyfill when babel-loader is being used?

In C# I usually use `String` when I&#39;m utilizing a method and `string` when declaring a variable. I read elsewhere that this is the preferred method to keep things clean and that made sense to me. In Visual Studio 2015, I&#39;m getting a new message I haven&#39;t gotten before when I use `String`: `Name can be simplified`. The VS suggestion is to use `string` instead.

Why is `string` now preferred over `String` in VS2015 whereas it wasn&#39;t in 2013??

Not a duplicate of [this question](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7074). That one asks what the difference is overall, I&#39;m asking why VS is now suggesting one over the other; I don&#39;t know if a technical difference has changed or something to that effect.

Why is &quot;string&quot; considered a simplified version of &quot;String&quot;?

In C# I usually use <code>String</code> when I'm utilizing a method and <code>string</code> when declaring a variable. I read elsewhere that this is the preferred method to keep things clean and that made sense to me. In Visual Studio 2015, I'm getting a new message I haven't gotten before when I use <code>String</code>: <code>Name can be simplified</code>. The VS suggestion is to use <code>string</code> instead.
Why is <code>string</code> now preferred over <code>String</code> in VS2015 whereas it wasn't in 2013??
Not a duplicate of <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7074" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">this question</a>. That one asks what the difference is overall, I'm asking why VS is now suggesting one over the other; I don't know if a technical difference has changed or something to that effect.

Yesterday during debugging something strange happened to me and I can&#39;t really explain it:

[![Decimal calculation][1]][1]


[![Decimal calculations with brackets][2]][2]


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/MEcIg.jpg
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/D3D9R.jpg

So maybe I am not seeing the obvious here or I misunderstood something about decimals in .NET but shouldn&#39;t the results be the same?


Inaccuracy of decimal in .NET

What&#39;s the difference between doing the following:

    async Task&lt;T&gt; method(){
        var r = await dynamodb.GetItemAsync(...)
        return r.Item;
    }

vs

    async Task&lt;T&gt; method(){
        var task = dynamodb.GetItemAsync(...)
        return task.Result.Item;
    }

In my case, for some reason, only the second works. The first one never seems to end.

Await vs Task.Result in an Async Method

I migrated my unit test project from version 2.0.0-beta-{something} to 2.0.0 (stable) through NuGet. It seems like `Assert.DoesNotThrowAsync()` is not available anymore.

For Example:

    [Fact]
	public void CanDeleteAllTempFiles() {
        Assert.DoesNotThrowAsync(async () =&gt; DocumentService.DeleteAllTempDocuments());
	}

Results in

&gt; DocumentServiceTests.cs(11,11): Error CS0117: &#39;Xunit.Assert&#39; does not contain a definition for &#39;DoesNotThrowAsync&#39; (CS0117)

**A workaround would be to omit the test. Is there any better solution?**

What happened to Assert.DoesNotThrowAsync() in xUnit?

In my ASP.NET 5 app, I want to load some data from Azure into a cache inside my Startup.Configure method. The Azure SDK exposes async methods exclusively. Typically, calling an async method is done via await inside an async method, like this:

&lt;!-- language-all: c# --&gt;

    public async Task Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IMemoryCache cache)
    {
        Data dataToCache = await DataSource.LoadDataAsync();
        cache.Set(&quot;somekey&quot;, dataToCache);

        // remainder of Configure method omitted for clarity
    }

However, ASP.NET 5 requires that the Configure method returns void. I could use an async void method, but my understanding is that async void methods are only supposed to be used for event handlers (as per https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/jj991977.aspx among many others).

I was thinking that a better way to do this would be to call the async function without await, call Wait on the returned Task&lt;T&gt;, then cache the results via the Task.Results property, like this:

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IMemoryCache cache)
    {
        Task&lt;Data&gt; loadDataTask = DataSource.LoadDataAsync();
        loadDataTask.Wait();
        cache.Set(&quot;somekey&quot;, loadDataTask.Result);

        // remainder of Configure method omitted for clarity
    }

Stephen Walther used a similar approach in a [blog post](http://stephenwalther.com/archive/2015/01/29/asp-net-5-and-angularjs-part-6-security) earlier this year. However, it&#39;s unclear from that post if this is considered an acceptable practice. Is it?

If this is considered an acceptable practice, what - if any - error handling do I need? My understanding is that Task.Wait() will re-throw any exceptions thrown by the async operation and I haven&#39;t provided any mechanism to cancel the async operation. Is simply calling Task.Wait() sufficient?


How do I handle async operations in Startup.Configure?

When executing the following query, I get the error:

&gt; The specified cast from a materialized &#39;System.Int32&#39; type to the
&gt; &#39;System.Double&#39; type is not valid.

    var data = ctx.tblTO
                       .Where(m =&gt; m.Id == Id)
                       .GroupBy(m =&gt; m.EmployeeId)
                       .Select(m =&gt; new
                       {
                           workDay = m.Sum(k =&gt; k.WorkDay),
                           onDutyDay = m.Sum(k =&gt; k.OnDutyDay),
                           holiDay = m.Sum(k =&gt; k.Holiday)
                       })
                       .FirstOrDefault();

The datatype of `WorkDay`, `OnDutyDay` and `Holiday` is `double`. There is no `Int32` here, so why do I get this error?

How can I solve this error?

 

    public class TO
    {
        [Key]
        [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
        public int Id { get; set; }           
        public int EmployeeId { get; set; }
        public double WorkDay { get; set; }
        public double OnDutyDay { get; set; }
        public double Holiday { get; set; }
    }



The specified cast from a materialized &#39;System.Int32&#39; type to the &#39;System.Double&#39; type is not valid

I&#39;m used to do this in JavaScript:

    var domains = &quot;abcde&quot;.substring(0, &quot;abcde&quot;.indexOf(&quot;cd&quot;)) // Returns &quot;ab&quot;

Swift doesn&#39;t have this function, how to do something similar?

Index of a substring in a string with Swift

I want to check if a string contains special characters like !@#$%^&amp;*.,&lt;&gt;/\&#39;&quot;;:? and return true if the string contains atleast one of those chars.

I tried with the following regex,script:

    var format = /^[!@#$%^&amp;*()_+\-=\[\]{};&#39;:&quot;\\|,.&lt;&gt;\/?]*$/;
    
    if( string.match(format) ){
      return true;
    }else{
      return false;
    }

If the string contains only the special characters then it returns true , but if the string contains something else like alphanumeric chars ( !example1 , .example2 ) it returns false.


Check for special characters in string

I wish to create a fuzzy search algorithm. 
However, upon hours of research I am really struggling.

I want to create an algorithm that performs a fuzzy search on a list of names of schools.

**This is what I have looked at so far:**

Most of my research keep pointing to &quot;**string metrics**&quot; on Google and Stackoverflow such as:

 - **Levenshtein distance**
 - **Damerau-Levenshtein distance**
 - **Needleman–Wunsch algorithm**

However this just gives a score of how **similar** 2 strings are. The only way I can think of implementing it as a **search algorithm** is to perform a linear search and executing the string metric algorithm for each string and returning the strings with scores above a certain threshold. (Originally I had my strings stored in a trie tree, but this obviously won&#39;t help me here!)

Although this is not such a bad idea for small lists, it would be problematic for lists with lets say a 100,000 names, and the user performed many queries.

Another algorithm I looked at is the **Spell-checker method**, where you just do a search for all potential misspellings. However this also is highly inefficient as it requires more than 75,000 words for a word of length 7 and error count of just 2.  

**What I need?**

Can someone please suggest me a **good efficient fuzzy search algorithm**. with:

 - Name of the algorithm
 - How it works or a link to how it works
 - Pro&#39;s and cons and when it&#39;s best used (optional)

I understand that all algorithms will have their pros and cons and there is no *best* algorithm.

Fuzzy search algorithm (approximate string matching algorithm)

Is there a noticable performance difference between using string interpolation:

    myString += $&quot;{x:x2}&quot;;

vs String.Format()?

    myString += String.Format(&quot;{0:x2}&quot;, x);

I am only asking because Resharper is prompting the fix, and I have been fooled before.

String Interpolation vs String.Format

I&#39;m formatting my textfiled text once the user start typing the phone number into this format type `0 (555) 444 66 77` and it is working fine but once I get the number from the server I get it like this `05554446677` So please could you tell me how I can edit it in the same format once I get it fro the server?

My code once I start typing:

    func textField(textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersInRange range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -&gt; Bool {
        
        if textField == phoneNumberTextField{
            var newString = (textField.text as NSString).stringByReplacingCharactersInRange(range, withString: string)
            var components = newString.componentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.decimalDigitCharacterSet().invertedSet)
            
            var decimalString = &quot;&quot;.join(components) as NSString
            var length = decimalString.length
            var hasLeadingOne = length &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; decimalString.characterAtIndex(0) == (1 as unichar)
            
            if length == 0 || (length &gt; 11 &amp;&amp; !hasLeadingOne) || length &gt; 12{
                var newLength = (textField.text as NSString).length + (string as NSString).length - range.length as Int
                
                return (newLength &gt; 11) ? false : true
            }
            var index = 0 as Int
            var formattedString = NSMutableString()
            
            if hasLeadingOne{
                formattedString.appendString(&quot;1 &quot;)
                index += 1
            }
            
            if (length - index) &gt; 1{
                var zeroNumber = decimalString.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(index, 1))
                formattedString.appendFormat(&quot;%@ &quot;, zeroNumber)
                index += 1
            }
            if (length - index) &gt; 3{
                var areaCode = decimalString.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(index, 3))
                formattedString.appendFormat(&quot;(%@) &quot;, areaCode)
                index += 3
            }
            if (length - index) &gt; 3{
                var prefix = decimalString.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(index, 3))
                formattedString.appendFormat(&quot;%@ &quot;, prefix)
                index += 3
            }
            if (length - index) &gt; 3{
                var prefix = decimalString.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(index, 2))
                formattedString.appendFormat(&quot;%@ &quot;, prefix)
                index += 2
            }
            
            var remainder = decimalString.substringFromIndex(index)
            formattedString.appendString(remainder)
            textField.text = formattedString as String
            return false
        }else{
            return true
        }
    }

Formatting Phone number in Swift

I have downloaded the Visual Studio Community 2015 (free version) and I don&#39;t see when the expiration date is.

I have tried to see the expiration date at Help Menu -&gt; About Microsoft Visual Studio and there is no expiration date there.

Is there any expiration date (I have a Microsoft account)? If yes, Where can I see it? Or until when is it?

Visual Studio Community 2015 expiration date

I searched this problem but none of the solutions worked. I have Visual Studio Professional 2015 installed and I am using TFS. My NuGet version is 3.1.6. This problem is happening only in my C# Web API/MVC project.

I am getting the below error:

&gt; This project references NuGet package(s) that are missing on this
&gt; computer. Use NuGet Package Restore to download them.  For more
&gt; information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=322105. The
&gt; missing file is
&gt; ..\packages\Microsoft.Net.Compilers.1.0.0\build\Microsoft.Net.Compilers.props

 1. I do not have .nuget folder in my solutions.
 2. I have a packages folder in the solution and when I delete it, it seems like NuGet does rebuild the dependencies but the project still has the above error.
 3. I tried removing the project from TFS and it didn&#39;t fix it.
 4. Along with the above error, all the references in the project have yellow warning signs and say they are missing.
 5. When I checked the NuGet Package Manager for the project, everything that is &quot;missing&quot; has a green tick next to it, including Microsoft.Net.Compilers.
 6. I tried adding a new Web API/MVC project and it faced a similar problem where most references such as Owin were &quot;missing&quot; with the yellow warning sign.

 


NuGet Packages are missing

I am working in the context of Visual Studio 2015 (with Resharper), and am referencing a TypeScript definitions file for NodeJS.  I have 3 other VS projects that are using `node.d.ts` without problems.  In this new project, however, I now have 146 errors saying the same thing:  

&gt; &quot;Typescript Feature 1.5.  Current language level is 1.4&quot;.

For the life of me, I can&#39;t figure out how to tell Visual Studio (or Resharper?) to use the latest TypeScript language version.  

I&#39;ve tried:  **Tools &gt; Options &gt; Typescript &gt; Project &gt; General &gt; ECMAScript6** (selected) and it didn&#39;t work.

Also:

    npm install -g typescript

and it didn&#39;t work as well.

How do I tell VS to use Typescript 1.5.3 (which `node.d.td` is asking for)?


Error: Typescript Feature 1.5. Current language level is 1.4

I am trying to create web application using Visual Studio 2015 and .NET 4.5.1.
When I publish the website, visual studio create folder named `roslyn`.

[![enter image description here][1]][1]

I know it&#39;s used to compile code on the fly, but unfortunately my hosting provider doesn&#39;t allow me to execute the compiler on their server.

How to publish the website without `roslyn` like previous version of Visual Studio?

EDIT:
I got this error when trying to acces my website.

[![enter image description here][2]][2]

It seems IIS trying to execute `roslyn\csc.exe` but my user account doesn&#39;t have permission to do that. With previous version of Visual Studio, this error doesn&#39;t show up.

  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/s5UTs.png
  [2]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/QeBoa.png

Publish website without roslyn

**NOTE** The keyword here is &quot;default&quot;.  I know I can hit escape and the default behavior gets aborted.  I don&#39;t want to hit the escape key every time the IDE thinks it knows what I want.  I didn&#39;t have to do this in 2013.

**ADDENDUM 2** It seems I&#39;m still having difficulty communicating what I&#39;m after here.  What I want to happen is _nothing_ when I press the space bar... I just want a space character to show up on my screen.  The only time I want the IDE to actually insert a suggestion is when I hit the tab bar.  I hope that&#39;s clearer?

This is driving me nuts.  2013 and before allowed you to set completion characters (maybe that was resharper?) but in 2015 I see no way to stop the default behavior of autocomplete.

For example, say I have a class `Foo`, but I don&#39;t have the namespace specified already, yet I have a class `FooBar` in one of the specified namespaces, if I type:

    public void DoSomething(Foo// &lt;-- then a space)

...it automatically puts `FooBar`.  How the heck do I turn off this behavior?

I should mention that I still want AutoComplete, just on tab though.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	vaindil	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - C#	SLaks	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - C#	ono2012	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - C#	John Gietzen	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - C#	riley	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Why is "string" considered a simplified version of "String"?

C# Problem Overview

C# Solutions

Solution 1 - C#

Solution 2 - C#

Solution 3 - C#

Solution 4 - C#

Why does Object.assign() require a polyfill when babel-loader is being used?

Spring Boot Data JPA - Modifying update query - Refresh persistence context

Attributions