Testing custom Views with Robolectric

I'm trying to run unit tests with Robolectric 2.1.1 and I cannot get it to inflate custom layouts (e.g. ViewPagerIndicator classes). Suppose this is my layout:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              android:orientation="vertical"
              android:layout_width="match_parent"
              android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="test"
            android:id="@+id/test_test"/>

    <com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

Consider this my test class:

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class TestRoboActivityTest {
    private TestRoboActivity mActivity;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mActivity = Robolectric.buildActivity(TestRoboActivity.class).create().get();
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mActivity = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testSanity() throws Exception {
        Assert.assertNotNull(mActivity);
    }
}

Executing 'mvn clean test' results in

Tests in error:
testSanity(TestRoboActivityTest): XML file .\res\layout\test.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator

Cool, so it seems like custom views aren't supported yet. Checking the sample Robolectric project on their website, one solution could be to inflate the layout from LayoutInflater:

@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class TestRoboActivityTest {
    private View mTestRoboActivityView;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        mTestRoboActivityView = LayoutInflater.from(new Activity()).inflate(R.layout.test, null);
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
        mTestRoboActivityView = null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testSanity() throws Exception {
        Assert.assertNotNull(mTestRoboActivityView);
    }
}

which results in:

Tests in error:
testSanity(TestRoboActivityTest): XML file .\res\layout\test.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator

My last resort was trying to use shadow classes:

@Implements(CirclePageIndicator.class)
public class CirclePageIndicatorShadow implements PageIndicator {

    @Override
    @Implementation
    public void setViewPager(ViewPager view) {
        // Stub
    }
	
	// etc.
}

and using @Config(shadows = {CirclePageIndicatorShadow.class}). This again resulted in

Tests in error:
testSanity(TestRoboActivityTest): XML file .\res\layout\test.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.viewpagerindicator.CirclePageIndicator

---

Edit (December 2014)

Please note that the following stracktrace was added later by David Rabinowitz. While related, it is not the issue I was facing at the time.

---

Here is the stack trace:

android.view.InflateException: XML file .\res\layout\activity_home.xml line #-1 (sorry, not yet implemented): Error inflating class com.test.custom.RobotoTextView
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:613)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
	at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
	at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
	at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:241)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runNotIgnored(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:79)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
	at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:177)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:525)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createView(LayoutInflater.java:587)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
	at org.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler$ShadowMethodPlan.run(ShadowWrangler.java:455)
	at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
	... 22 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: error converting RobotoMedium.ttf using EnumConverter
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:150)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:50)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.createTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:228)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.attrsToTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:203)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.access$000(ShadowResources.java:51)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:460)
	at android.content.res.Resources$Theme.obtainStyledAttributes(Resources.java)
	at android.widget.TextView.__constructor__(TextView.java:561)
	at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:447)
	at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:442)
	at com.test.custom.RobotoTextView.<init>(RobotoTextView.java:16)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:587)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
	at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
	at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
	... 22 more
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: no value found for RobotoMedium.ttf
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter$EnumOrFlagConverter.findValueFor(Converter.java:375)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter$EnumConverter.fillTypedValue(Converter.java:343)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter$EnumConverter.fillTypedValue(Converter.java:336)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:148)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.Converter.convertAndFill(Converter.java:50)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.createTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:228)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.attrsToTypedArray(ShadowResources.java:203)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources.access$000(ShadowResources.java:51)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowResources$ShadowTheme.obtainStyledAttributes(ShadowResources.java:460)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
	at org.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler$ShadowMethodPlan.run(ShadowWrangler.java:455)
	at android.content.res.Resources$Theme.obtainStyledAttributes(Resources.java)
	at android.widget.TextView.$$robo$$TextView_347d___constructor__(TextView.java:561)
	at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:447)
	at android.widget.TextView.<init>(TextView.java:442)
	at com.test.custom.RobotoTextView.<init>(RobotoTextView.java:16)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:525)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createView(LayoutInflater.java:587)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:687)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:746)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:489)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:396)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.$$robo$$LayoutInflater_1d1f_inflate(LayoutInflater.java:352)
	at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java)
	at org.robolectric.tester.android.view.RoboWindow.setContentView(RoboWindow.java:82)
	at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowActivity.setContentView(ShadowActivity.java:273)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
	at org.robolectric.bytecode.ShadowWrangler$ShadowMethodPlan.run(ShadowWrangler.java:455)
	at android.app.Activity.setContentView(Activity.java)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:12)
	at com.example.testrobocustomfont.MainActivityTest.setUp(MainActivityTest.java:28)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
	... 22 more

Could you guys please point me in the right direction? I'm out of ideas. Thanks.

I test views in the same test class with the Activity that uses them. In this case I tell Robolectric to give an instance of that Activity and from that I get an instance of the inflated view:

@Before
public void setup(){
    activity = Robolectric.buildActivity(MyActivity.class).create().get();
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(activity).inflate(R.layout.myView, null);
}
@Test
 public void allElementsInViewProduct(){
     assertNotNull(view.findViewById(R.id.view1));
     assertNotNull(view.findViewById(R.id.view2));
     assertNotNull(view.findViewById(R.id.view3));
 }

LE: I use Robolectric 3.0 so I am not sure if this applies to you.

Problem:

This issue happens, because gradle merges project dependencies (ex: compile project(':lib-custom')) and external dependencies (ex: compile 'lib.package:name:1.1.0') in different way. After dependencies were merged app has R.java file with all resources fields (colors, ids, drawables, ...). But generated R.java file looks different after merging submodules and external dependencies.

This problem exists only with projects, which have custom views in submodules. In case of external dependencies there is another issues, which can be easily fixed. Read about dependencies types here.

For project dependencies result R.java file contains all resource identifiers, but identifiers from submodule doesn't equals to their original integer identifiers:

com.lib.custom.R.color.primary != com.main.project.R.color.primary

For external dependencies merged R.java file just a merge result of R.java files from all external dependencies

com.lib.custom.R.color.primary == com.main.project.R.color.primary

Solution:

I've found two possible solutions:

1. Convert your dependencies from submodule to external where possible. For example for viepager indicator has an item in maven.org repository - fr.avianey.com.viewpagerindicator:library. But this is still not enough - you need to add related item to project.properties file to your main sourceSet. More info here

Example:

// add this dependency to your gradle file instead of project dependency
compile 'fr.avianey.com.viewpagerindicator:library:2.4.1@aar'

// add library dependencies for robolectric (now robolectric knows 
// about additional libraries to load resources)
android.library.reference.1=../../../app/build/intermediates/exploded-aar/fr.avianey.com.viewpagerindicator/library/2.4.1

You can check diff for this solution here

2. Move all your custom views under your main app. It is not good approach to move Custom views to app only because of unit testing, but this will also fix issue with Error inflating class.

I prefer first solution but it is not possible sometimes change project dependency to external.

I am also going to report about this issue to Robolectric team.

P.S. I have project on github related to this issue.

mTestRoboActivityView = LayoutInflater.from(new Activity()).inflate(R.layout.test, null);

In this line of code you used 'new Activity()' means instance of new Activity, that not for your current Activity. You can resolve this issue by passing instance on current Activity. Use like this-

public class TestRoboActivityTest {
private View mTestRoboActivityView;
private Context mContext;

public TestRoboActivityTest(Context mContext){
    this.mContext=mContext;
}

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    mTestRoboActivityView = (LayoutInflater.from(mContext)).inflate(R.layout.test, null);
}

@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
    mTestRoboActivityView = null;
}

@Test
public void testSanity() throws Exception {
    Assert.assertNotNull(mTestRoboActivityView);
}}

I am not sure that above code working fine but use for reference, instance of current Activity. Refer it may be help you.

You cannot inflate views in Roboelectric since it does not use the complete android framework but instead mocks out all the Android API's.

You should not use roboelectric to test actual view display behavior. It is to be used for unit tests and just to test your business logic and not view drawing/display etc. To achieve that You can programmatically create view objects and mock out certain parts which need the android system (Use something like Mockito or Powermock). eg of simple view testing in roboelectic:

MyCustomView view = new MyCustomView();
assertNotNull(view.setSomeNo(2);
assertTrue(2, view.getSomeNo());

Also if you want to test rendering of how your view looks or renders etc, you should use functional testing frameworks such as Espresso or Robotium which run on an actual device.