Pure JavaScript Send POST Data Without a Form
JavascriptPostHttpwebrequestXmlhttprequestHttp PostJavascript Problem Overview
Is there a way to send data using the POST method without a form and without refreshing the page using only pure JavaScript (not jQuery $.post())? Maybe httprequest or something else (just can't find it now)?
Javascript Solutions
Solution 1 - Javascript
You can send it and insert the data to the body:
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", yourUrl, true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.send(JSON.stringify({
value: value
}));
By the way, for get request:
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
// we defined the xhr
xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (this.readyState != 4) return;
if (this.status == 200) {
var data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
// we get the returned data
}
// end of state change: it can be after some time (async)
};
xhr.open('GET', yourUrl, true);
xhr.send();
Solution 2 - Javascript
The Fetch API is intended to make GET requests easy, but it is able to POST as well.
let data = {element: "barium"};
fetch("/post/data/here", {
method: "POST",
headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
body: JSON.stringify(data)
}).then(res => {
console.log("Request complete! response:", res);
});
If you are as lazy as me (or just prefer a shortcut/helper):
window.post = function(url, data) {
return fetch(url, {method: "POST", headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}, body: JSON.stringify(data)});
}
// ...
post("post/data/here", {element: "osmium"});
Solution 3 - Javascript
You can use the XMLHttpRequest object as follows:
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8");
xhr.send(someStuff);
That code would post someStuff to url. Just make sure that when you create your XMLHttpRequest object, it will be cross-browser compatible. There are endless examples out there of how to do that.
Solution 4 - Javascript
Also, RESTful lets you get data back from a POST request.
JS (put in static/hello.html to serve via Python):
<html><head><meta charset="utf-8"/></head><body>
Hello.
<script>
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", "/postman", true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.send(JSON.stringify({
value: 'value'
}));
xhr.onload = function() {
console.log("HELLO")
console.log(this.responseText);
var data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
console.log(data);
}
</script></body></html>
Python server (for testing):
import time, threading, socket, SocketServer, BaseHTTPServer
import os, traceback, sys, json
log_lock = threading.Lock()
log_next_thread_id = 0
# Local log functiondef
def Log(module, msg):
with log_lock:
thread = threading.current_thread().__name__
msg = "%s %s: %s" % (module, thread, msg)
sys.stderr.write(msg + '\n')
def Log_Traceback():
t = traceback.format_exc().strip('\n').split('\n')
if ', in ' in t[-3]:
t[-3] = t[-3].replace(', in','\n***\n*** In') + '(...):'
t[-2] += '\n***'
err = '\n*** '.join(t[-3:]).replace('"','').replace(' File ', '')
err = err.replace(', line',':')
Log("Traceback", '\n'.join(t[:-3]) + '\n\n\n***\n*** ' + err + '\n***\n\n')
os._exit(4)
def Set_Thread_Label(s):
global log_next_thread_id
with log_lock:
threading.current_thread().__name__ = "%d%s" \
% (log_next_thread_id, s)
log_next_thread_id += 1
class Handler(BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
Set_Thread_Label(self.path + "[get]")
try:
Log("HTTP", "PATH='%s'" % self.path)
with open('static' + self.path) as f:
data = f.read()
Log("Static", "DATA='%s'" % data)
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(data)
except:
Log_Traceback()
def do_POST(self):
Set_Thread_Label(self.path + "[post]")
try:
length = int(self.headers.getheader('content-length'))
req = self.rfile.read(length)
Log("HTTP", "PATH='%s'" % self.path)
Log("URL", "request data = %s" % req)
req = json.loads(req)
response = {'req': req}
response = json.dumps(response)
Log("URL", "response data = %s" % response)
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "application/json")
self.send_header("content-length", str(len(response)))
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(response)
except:
Log_Traceback()
# Create ONE socket.
addr = ('', 8000)
sock = socket.socket (socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(addr)
sock.listen(5)
# Launch 100 listener threads.
class Thread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, i):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.i = i
self.daemon = True
self.start()
def run(self):
httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(addr, Handler, False)
# Prevent the HTTP server from re-binding every handler.
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46210672/
httpd.socket = sock
httpd.server_bind = self.server_close = lambda self: None
httpd.serve_forever()
[Thread(i) for i in range(10)]
time.sleep(9e9)
Console log (chrome):
HELLO
hello.html:14 {"req": {"value": "value"}}
hello.html:16
{req: {…}}
req
:
{value: "value"}
__proto__
:
Object
Console log (firefox):
GET
http://XXXXX:8000/hello.html [HTTP/1.0 200 OK 0ms]
POST
XHR
http://XXXXX:8000/postman [HTTP/1.0 200 OK 0ms]
HELLO hello.html:13:3
{"req": {"value": "value"}} hello.html:14:3
Object { req: Object }
Console log (Edge):
HTML1300: Navigation occurred.
hello.html
HTML1527: DOCTYPE expected. Consider adding a valid HTML5 doctype: "<!DOCTYPE html>".
hello.html (1,1)
Current window: XXXXX/hello.html
HELLO
hello.html (13,3)
{"req": {"value": "value"}}
hello.html (14,3)
[object Object]
hello.html (16,3)
{
[functions]: ,
__proto__: { },
req: {
[functions]: ,
__proto__: { },
value: "value"
}
}
Python log:
HTTP 8/postman[post]: PATH='/postman'
URL 8/postman[post]: request data = {"value":"value"}
URL 8/postman[post]: response data = {"req": {"value": "value"}}
Solution 5 - Javascript
You can use XMLHttpRequest, fetch API, ...
If you want to use XMLHttpRequest you can do the following
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.send(JSON.stringify({
name: "Deska",
email: "[email protected]",
phone: "342234553"
}));
xhr.onload = function() {
var data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
console.log(data);
};
Or if you want to use fetch API
fetch(url, {
method:"POST",
body: JSON.stringify({
name: "Deska",
email: "[email protected]",
phone: "342234553"
})
}).then(result => {
// do something with the result
console.log("Completed with result:", result);
}).catch(err => {
// if any error occured, then catch it here
console.error(err);
});
Solution 6 - Javascript
There is an easy method to wrap your data and send it to server as if you were sending an HTML form using POST.
you can do that using FormData object as following:
data = new FormData()
data.set('Foo',1)
data.set('Bar','boo')
let request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open("POST", 'some_url/', true);
request.send(data)
now you can handle the data on the server-side just like the way you deal with reugular HTML Forms.
Additional Info
It is advised that you must not set Content-Type header when sending FormData since the browser will take care of that.
Solution 7 - Javascript
Did you know that JavaScript has it's built-in methods and libs to create forms and submit them?
I am seeing a lot of replies here all asking to use a 3rd party library which I think is an overkill.
I would do the following in pure Javascript:
<script>
function launchMyForm()
{
var myForm = document.createElement("FORM");
myForm.setAttribute("id","TestForm");
document.body.appendChild(myForm);
// this will create a new FORM which is mapped to the Java Object of myForm, with an id of TestForm. Equivalent to: <form id="TestForm"></form>
var myInput = document.createElement("INPUT");
myInput.setAttribute("id","MyInput");
myInput.setAttribute("type","text");
myInput.setAttribute("value","Heider");
document.getElementById("TestForm").appendChild(myInput);
// To submit the form:
myForm.method = "POST";
myForm.action = "whatever.aspx"; // or "response.php"
myForm.submit();
// This will create an INPUT equivalent to: <INPUT id="MyInput" type="text" value="Heider" /> and then assign it to be inside the TestForm tags.
}
</script>
This way (A) you don't need to rely on 3rd parties to do the job. (B) It's all built-in to all browsers, (C) faster, (D) it works, feel free to try it out.
I hope this helps.
H
Solution 8 - Javascript
navigator.sendBeacon()
If you simply need to POST data and do not require a response from the server, the shortest solution would be to use navigator.sendBeacon():
const data = JSON.stringify({
example_1: 123,
example_2: 'Hello, world!',
});
navigator.sendBeacon('example.php', data);
Solution 9 - Javascript
The most popular answers here do not show how to get data back from the POST. Also, the popular "fetch" solutions do not work in the latest version of Chrome when sending data to the latest version of NodeJS unless you pass headers and also unwrap the response.json() promise. Also, the popular answers do not use async/await.
Here is the cleanest and most complete solution I could come up with that works.
async function postJsonData(jsonObject) {
const response = await fetch("/echo", {
method: "POST",
headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json'},
body: JSON.stringify(jsonObject)
});
const actualResponse = await response.json();
}
Solution 10 - Javascript
Here is a nice function you (or anyone else) could use in their code:
function post(url, data) {
return new Promise((res, rej) => {
let stringified = "";
for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(data))
stringified += `${stringified != '' ? '&' : ''}${key}=${value}`
const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = () => {
if (xhr.readyState == 4)
if (xhr.status == 200)
res(xhr.responseText)
else
rej({ code: xhr.status, text: xhr.responseText })
}
xhr.open("POST", url, true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.send(stringified);
})
}
Solution 11 - Javascript
const data = { username: 'example' };
fetch('https://example.com/profile', {
method: 'POST', // or 'PUT'
headers: {
' Content-Type': 'application/json',
},
body: JSON.stringify(data),
})
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => {
console.log('Success:', data);
})
.catch((error) => {
console.error('Error:', error);
});
Solution 12 - Javascript
You can also use this: https://github.com/floscodes/JS/blob/master/Requests.js
You can easily send a http-Request. Just use:
HttpRequest("https://example.com", method="post", data="yourkey=yourdata");
That's it! It should even work if the site is CSRF-protected.
Or just send a GET-Request by using
HttpRequest("https://example.com", method="get");
Solution 13 - Javascript
use this func of jbezz library
var makeHttpObject = function () {
try {return new XMLHttpRequest();}
catch (error) {}
try {return new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");}
catch (error) {}
try {return new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");}
catch (error) {}
throw new Error("Could not create HTTP request object.");
}
function SendData(data){
let type = (data.type ? data.type : "GET")
let DataS = data.data;
let url = data.url;
let func = (data.success ? data.success : function(){})
let funcE =(data.error ? data.error : function(){})
let a_syne = (data.asyne ? data.asyne : false);
let u = null;
try{u = new URLSearchParams(DataS).toString();}catch(e){u = Object.keys(DataS).map(function(k) {return encodeURIComponent(k) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(DataS[k])}).join('&')}
if(type == "GET"){url +="?"+u}
const xhttp = makeHttpObject();
xhttp.onload = function(){func(this.responseText)}
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function() {if (xmlHttp.readyState == 4)
{if(xmlHttp.status !== 200){funcE(xmlHttp.statusText)}}}
xhttp.open(type,url,a_syne);
xhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
xhttp.send(u);
}
use this to run :
SendData({
url:"YOUR_URL",
asyne:true,
type:"POST", // or GET
data:{
username:"ali",
password:"mypass" // Your Data
},
success:function(Result){
console.log(Result)
},
error:function(e){
console.log("We Have Some Error")
}
});
Or
download jbezz and add to your page.
download link : github.com
use :
$$.api({
url:"YOUR_URL",
asyne:true,
type:"POST", // or GET
data:{
username:"ali",
password:"mypass" // Your Data
},
success:function(Result){
console.log(Result)
},
error:function(e){
console.log("We Have Some Error")
}
});