    assertThat(result, anyOf(equalTo(1), equalTo(2), equalTo(3)))

From [Hamcrest tutorial][1]: 

&gt; `anyOf` - matches if any matchers match, short circuits (like Java ||)

See also [Javadoc][2].

Moreover, you could write your own Matcher, which is quite easy to do.


  [1]: http://hamcrest.org/JavaHamcrest/tutorial#logical
  [2]: http://hamcrest.org/JavaHamcrest/javadoc/2.2/org/hamcrest/core/AnyOf.html

marcos is right, but you have a couple other options as well. First of all, there *is* an either/or:

    assertThat(result, either(is(1)).or(is(2)));

but if you have more than two items it would probably get unwieldy. Plus, the typechecker gets weird on stuff like that sometimes. For your case, you could do:

    assertThat(result, isOneOf(1, 2, 3))

or if you already have your options in an array/Collection:

    assertThat(result, isIn(theCollection))

See also [Javadoc][1].


  [1]: http://hamcrest.org/JavaHamcrest/javadoc/1.3/org/hamcrest/Matchers.html

How do I go about using HTTPS for some of the pages in my ASP.NET MVC based site?

Steve Sanderson has a pretty good tutorial on how to do this in a DRY way on Preview 4 at:

http://blog.codeville.net/2008/08/05/adding-httpsssl-support-to-aspnet-mvc-routing/

Is there a better / updated way with Preview 5?,

SSL pages under ASP.NET MVC

I have some tables that I build as a part of my report rollup. I don&#39;t need them afterwards at all. Someone mentioned to truncate them as it would be faster. 

Difference between drop table and truncate table?

I am relatively new to matchers. I am toying around with [hamcrest][1] in combination with JUnit and I kinda like it.

Is there a way, to state that one of multiple choices is correct?

Something like

    assertThat( result, is( either( 1, or( 2, or( 3 ) ) ) ) ) //does not work in hamcrest

The method I am testing returns one element of a collection. The list may contain multiple candidates. My current implementation returns the first hit, but that is not a requirement. I would like my testcase to succeed, if any of the possible candidates is returned. How would you express this in Java?

(I am open to hamcrest-alternatives)


  [1]: http://code.google.com/p/hamcrest/

Multiple correct results with Hamcrest (is there an or-matcher?)

I am relatively new to matchers. I am toying around with <a href="http://code.google.com/p/hamcrest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hamcrest</a> in combination with JUnit and I kinda like it.
Is there a way, to state that one of multiple choices is correct?
Something like
<pre><code class="hljs language-scss">assertThat( result, is( either( 1, or( 2, or( 3 ) ) ) ) ) //does not work in hamcrest
</code></pre>
The method I am testing returns one element of a collection. The list may contain multiple candidates. My current implementation returns the first hit, but that is not a requirement. I would like my testcase to succeed, if any of the possible candidates is returned. How would you express this in Java?
(I am open to hamcrest-alternatives)

What I would like is a method to convert a double to a string which rounds using the half-up method - i.e. if the decimal to be rounded is 5, it always rounds up to the next number. This is the standard method of rounding most people expect in most situations.

I also would like only significant digits to be displayed - i.e. there should not be any trailing zeroes.

I know one method of doing this is to use the `String.format` method:

    String.format(&quot;%.5g%n&quot;, 0.912385);

returns:

    0.91239

which is great, however it always displays numbers with 5 decimal places even if they are not significant: 

    String.format(&quot;%.5g%n&quot;, 0.912300);

returns:

    0.91230

Another method is to use the `DecimalFormatter`:

    DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat(&quot;#.#####&quot;);
    df.format(0.912385);

returns:

    0.91238

However as you can see this uses half-even rounding. That is it will round down if the previous digit is even. What I&#39;d like is this:

    0.912385 -&gt; 0.91239
    0.912300 -&gt; 0.9123

What is the best way to achieve this in Java?


How to round a number to n decimal places in Java

I&#39;ve found a couple of references (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.javapractices.com/topic/TopicAction.do?Id=23&quot;&gt;for example&lt;/a&gt;) that suggest using `final` as much as possible and I&#39;m wondering how important that is. This is mainly in the the context of method parameters and local variables, not final methods or classes. For constants, it makes obvious sense.

On one hand, the compiler can make some optimizations and it makes the programmer&#39;s intent clearer. On the other hand, it adds verbosity and the optimizations may be trivial.

Is it something I should make an effort to remember?

When should one use final for method parameters and local variables?

In terms of Java, when someone asks: 

&gt; what is polymorphism?

 Would **overloading** or **overriding** be an acceptable answer?

I think there is a bit more to it than that. 

*IF you had a abstract base class that defined a method with no implementation, and you defined that method in the sub class, is that still overridding?*


I think **overloading** is not the right answer for sure.




Polymorphism vs Overriding vs Overloading

The use of weak references is something that I&#39;ve never seen an implementation of so I&#39;m trying to figure out what the use case for them is and how the implementation would work. When have you needed to use a `WeakHashMap` or `WeakReference` and how was it used?

When would you use a WeakHashMap or a WeakReference?

When I parse my xml file (variable f) in this method, I get an error 

&gt; C:\Documents and Settings\joe\Desktop\aicpcudev\OnlineModule\map.dtd (The system cannot find the path specified)

I know I do not have the dtd, nor do I need it.  How can I parse this File object into a Document object while ignoring DTD reference errors?

    private static Document getDoc(File f, String docId) throws Exception{
    	DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
    	DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
    	Document doc = db.parse(f);
    		
    		
    	return doc;
    }

Make DocumentBuilder.parse ignore DTD references

How can I use JUnit4 idiomatically to test that some code throws an exception?

While I can certainly do something like this:

    @Test
    public void testFooThrowsIndexOutOfBoundsException() {
      boolean thrown = false;
    
      try {
        foo.doStuff();
      } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
        thrown = true;
      }
    
      assertTrue(thrown);
    }

I recall that there is an annotation or an Assert.xyz or *something* that is far less kludgy and far more in-the-spirit of JUnit for these sorts of situations.

How do you assert that a certain exception is thrown in JUnit 4 tests?

I have a bunch of JUnit 3 classes which extend TestCase and would like to automatically migrate them to be JUnit4 tests with annotations such as `@Before`, `@After`, `@Test`, etc.  
Any tool out there to do this in a big batch run?

Best way to automagically migrate tests from JUnit 3 to JUnit 4?

The JUnit framework contains 2 `Assert` classes (in different packages, obviously) and the methods on each appear to be very similar. Can anybody explain why this is?

The classes I&#39;m referring to are: [`junit.framework.Assert`][1] and [`org.junit.Assert`][2].

  [1]: http://junit.org/junit/javadoc/4.5/junit/framework/Assert.html
  [2]: http://junit.org/junit/javadoc/4.5/org/junit/Assert.html

differences between 2 JUnit Assert classes

I&#39;ve got a few methods that should call `System.exit()` on certain inputs. Unfortunately, testing these cases causes JUnit to terminate! Putting the method calls in a new Thread doesn&#39;t seem to help, since `System.exit()` terminates the JVM, not just the current thread. Are there any common patterns for dealing with this? For example, can I subsitute a stub for `System.exit()`? 

[EDIT] The class in question is actually a command-line tool which I&#39;m attempting to test inside JUnit. Maybe JUnit is simply not the right tool for the job? Suggestions for complementary regression testing tools are welcome (preferably something that integrates well with JUnit and EclEmma).

Java: How to test methods that call System.exit()?

In our project I have several [JUnit][1] tests that e.g. take every file from a directory and run a test on it. If I implement a `testEveryFileInDirectory` method in the `TestCase` this shows up as only one test that may fail or succeed. But I am interested in the results on each individual file. How can I write a `TestCase` / `TestSuite` such that each file shows up as a separate test e.g. in the graphical TestRunner of Eclipse? (Coding an explicit test method for each file is not an option.)

Compare also the question [ParameterizedTest with a name in Eclipse Testrunner][2].


  [1]: http://www.junit.org/
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/385925/parameterizedtest-with-a-name-in-eclipse-testrunner

JUnit test with dynamic number of tests

Why does this not compile, oh, what to do?

    import static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;
    import static org.junit.matchers.JUnitMatchers.hasItems;
    
    ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt; actual = new ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt;();
    ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt; expected = new ArrayList&lt;Integer&gt;();
    actual.add(1);
    expected.add(2);
    assertThat(actual, hasItems(expected));

error copied from comment:

    cannot find symbol method assertThat(java.util.ArrayList&lt;java.lang.Integer&gt;, org.hamcreset.Matcher&lt;java.lang.Iterable&lt;java.util.ArrayList&lt;java.lang.Integer&gt;&gt;&gt;)

Why doesn&#39;t this code attempting to use Hamcrest&#39;s hasItems compile?

When I look at the examples in the Assert class JavaDoc

    assertThat(&quot;Help! Integers don&#39;t work&quot;, 0, is(1)); // fails:
    // failure message:
    // Help! Integers don&#39;t work
    // expected: is &lt;1&gt; 
    // got value: &lt;0&gt;
    assertThat(&quot;Zero is one&quot;, 0, is(not(1))) // passes

I dont see a big advantage over, let&#39;s say, `assertEquals( 0, 1 )`.

It&#39;s nice maybe for the messages if the constructs get more complicated but do you see more advantages? Readability?



Why should I use Hamcrest-Matcher and assertThat() instead of traditional assertXXX()-Methods

I&#39;d like to use hamcrest to assert that two maps are equal, i.e. they have the same set of keys pointing to the same values.

My current best guess is:

    assertThat( affA.entrySet(), hasItems( affB.entrySet() );

which gives:

&gt; The method `assertThat(T, Matcher&lt;T&gt;)` in the type `Assert` is not applicable for the arguments (`Set&lt;Map.Entry&lt;Householdtypes,Double&gt;&gt;, Matcher&lt;Iterable&lt;Set&lt;Map.Entry&lt;Householdtypes,Double&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;`)

I&#39;ve also looked into variations of `containsAll`, and some others provided by the hamcrest packages. Can anyone point me in the right direction? Or do I have to write a custom matcher?

Map equality using Hamcrest

I was wondering if anyone knew of a way to check if a List is empty using `assertThat()` and `Matchers`?

Best way I could see just use JUnit:

    assertFalse(list.isEmpty());

But I was hoping that there was some way to do this in Hamcrest.

Checking that a List is not empty in Hamcrest

I can&#39;t understand how JUnit 4.8 should work with Hamcrest matchers. There are some matchers defined inside [`junit-4.8.jar`](http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/junit/junit/4.8/junit-4.8.jar) in `org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers`. At the same time there are some _other_ matchers in [`hamcrest-all-1.1.jar`](http://repo2.maven.org/maven2/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-all/1.1/hamcrest-all-1.1.jar) in `org.hamcrest.Matchers`. So, where to go? Shall I explicitly include hamcrest JAR into the project and ignore matchers provided by JUnit?

In particular, I&#39;m interested in `empty()` matcher and can&#39;t find it in any of these jars. I need something else? :)

And a philosophical question: why JUnit included `org.hamcrest` package into its own distribution instead of encouraging us to use original hamcrest library?

How to use JUnit and Hamcrest together?

Does anyone know how to show a custom failure message in ScalaTest?

For example:

    NumberOfElements() should equal (5)

Shows the following message when it fails:

&gt; 10 did not equal 5

But i want more descriptive message like:

&gt; NumberOfElements should be 5.

How to show custom failure messages in ScalaTest?

Is there a way to match any class argument of the below sample routine?

    class A {
         public B method(Class&lt;? extends A&gt; a) {}
    }

How can I **always** return a `new B()` regardless of which class is passed into `method`? The following attempt only works for the specific case where `A` is matched. 


    A a = new A();
    B b = new B();
    when(a.method(eq(A.class))).thenReturn(b);

---
**EDIT**: One solution is

    (Class&lt;?&gt;) any(Class.class)


Mockito match any class argument

I don&#39;t know much regex, but I need to match a simple pattern. The following should return true,

    Pattern.matches(&quot;{\&quot;user_id\&quot; : [0-9]*}&quot;, inputLine)

when inputLine is

    {&quot;user_id&quot; : 34}

However, I&#39;m getting this exception:

    java.util.regex.PatternSyntaxException: Illegal repetition
    {&quot;user_id&quot; : 24}
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.error(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.closure(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.sequence(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.expr(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.compile(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.&lt;init&gt;(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.compile(Unknown Source)
    	at java.util.regex.Pattern.matches(Unknown Source)
    	at org.whispercomm.manes.server.http.IntegrationTest.createUser(IntegrationTest.java:173)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:30)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263)
    	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68)
    	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
    	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)


What am I doing wrong?

PatternSyntaxException: Illegal Repetition when using regex in Java

Mockito offers:


&lt;!-- language: lang-java&gt;

    when(mock.process(Matchers.any(List.class)));
&lt;/pre&gt;

How to avoid warning if `process` takes a `List&lt;Bar&gt;` instead?&lt;br/&gt;


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Mo.	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Java	marcospereira	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Java	Tyler	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Multiple correct results with Hamcrest (is there an or-matcher?)

Java Problem Overview

Java Solutions

Solution 1 - Java

Solution 2 - Java

Difference between drop table and truncate table?

SSL pages under ASP.NET MVC

Attributions