Listing each branch and its last revision's date in Git
GitMaintenanceAdministrationBranchGit Problem Overview
I need to delete old and unmaintained branches from our remote repository. I'm trying to find a way with which to list the remote branches by their last modified date, and I can't.
Is there an easy way to list remote branches this way?
Git Solutions
Solution 1 - Git
commandlinefu has 2 interesting propositions:
for k in $(git branch | perl -pe s/^..//); do echo -e $(git show --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k -- | head -n 1)\\t$k; done | sort -r
or:
for k in $(git branch | sed s/^..//); do echo -e $(git log --color=always -1 --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k --)\\t"$k";done | sort
That is for local branches, in a Unix syntax. Using git branch -r
, you can similarly show remote branches:
for k in $(git branch -r | perl -pe 's/^..(.*?)( ->.*)?$/\1/'); do echo -e $(git show --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k -- | head -n 1)\\t$k; done | sort -r
Michael Forrest mentions in the comments that zsh requires escapes for the sed
expression:
for k in git branch | perl -pe s\/\^\.\.\/\/; do echo -e git show --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k -- | head -n 1\\t$k; done | sort -r
kontinuity adds in the comments:
> If you want to add it your zshrc the following escape is needed.
alias gbage='for k in $(git branch -r | perl -pe '\''s/^..(.*?)( ->.*)?$/\1/'\''); do echo -e $(git show --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k -- | head -n 1)\\t$k; done | sort -r'
In multiple lines:
alias gbage='for k in $(git branch -r | \
perl -pe '\''s/^..(.*?)( ->.*)?$/\1/'\''); \
do echo -e $(git show --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k -- | \
head -n 1)\\t$k; done | sort -r'
Note: n8tr's answer, based on git for-each-ref refs/heads
is cleaner. And faster.
See also "Name only option for git branch --list
?"
More generally, tripleee reminds us in the comments:
> - Prefer modern $(command substitution)
syntax over obsolescent backtick syntax.
(I illustrated that point in 2014 with "What is the difference between $(command)
and `command`
in shell programming?")
> - Don't read lines with for
.
> - Probably switch to git for-each-ref refs/remote
to get remote branch names in machine-readable format
Solution 2 - Git
Here is what I use:
git for-each-ref --sort='-committerdate:iso8601' --format=' %(committerdate:iso8601)%09%(refname)' refs/heads
This is the output:
2014-01-22 11:43:18 +0100 refs/heads/master
2014-01-22 11:43:18 +0100 refs/heads/a
2014-01-17 12:34:01 +0100 refs/heads/b
2014-01-14 15:58:33 +0100 refs/heads/maint
2013-12-11 14:20:06 +0100 refs/heads/d/e
2013-12-09 12:48:04 +0100 refs/heads/f
For remote branches, just use "refs/remotes" instead of "refs/heads":
git for-each-ref --sort='-committerdate:iso8601' --format=' %(committerdate:iso8601)%09%(refname)' refs/remotes
Building on n8tr's answer, if you are also interested in the last author on the the branch, and if you have the "column" tool available, you can use:
git for-each-ref --sort='-committerdate:iso8601' --format='%(committerdate:relative)|%(refname:short)|%(committername)' refs/remotes/ | column -s '|' -t
Which will give you:
21 minutes ago refs/remotes/a John Doe
6 hours ago refs/remotes/b Jane Doe
6 days ago refs/remotes/master John Doe
You may want to call git fetch --prune
before to have the latest information.
Solution 3 - Git
Building off of Olivier Croquette, I like using a relative date and shortening the branch name like this:
git for-each-ref --sort='-authordate:iso8601' --format=' %(authordate:relative)%09%(refname:short)' refs/heads
Which gives you output:
21 minutes ago nathan/a_recent_branch
6 hours ago master
27 hours ago nathan/some_other_branch
29 hours ago branch_c
6 days ago branch_d
I recommend making a Bash file for adding all your favorite aliases and then sharing the script out to your team. Here's an example to add just this one:
#!/bin/sh
git config --global alias.branches "!echo ' ------------------------------------------------------------' && git for-each-ref --sort='-authordate:iso8601' --format=' %(authordate:relative)%09%(refname:short)' refs/heads && echo ' ------------------------------------------------------------'"
Then you can just do this to get a nicely formatted and sorted local branch list:
git branches
Solution 4 - Git
Just to add to the comment by @VonC, take your preferred solution and add it to your ~/.gitconfig alias list for convenience:
[alias]
branchdate = !git for-each-ref --sort='-authordate' --format='%(refname)%09%(authordate)' refs/heads | sed -e 's-refs/heads/--'
Then a simple "git branchdate" prints the list for you...
Solution 5 - Git
Here is what I came up with after also reviewing this.
for REF in $(git for-each-ref --sort=-committerdate --format="%(objectname)" \
refs/remotes refs/heads)
do
if [ "$PREV_REF" != "$REF" ]; then
PREV_REF=$REF
git log -n1 $REF --date=short \
--pretty=format:"%C(auto)%ad %h%d %s %C(yellow)[%an]%C(reset)"
fi
done
The PREV_REF
check is to remove duplicates if more than one branch points to the same commit. (As in a local branch that exist in the remote as well.)
NOTE that per the OP request, git branch --merged
and git branch --no-merged
are useful in identifying which branches can be easily deleted.
Solution 6 - Git
Sorted remote branches and the last commit date for each branch.
for branch in `git branch -r | grep -v HEAD`;do echo -e `git show --format="%ci %cr" $branch | head -n 1` \\t$branch; done | sort -r
Solution 7 - Git
I made two variants, based on VonC's answer.
My first variant:
for k in `git branch -a | sed -e s/^..// -e 's/(detached from .*)/HEAD/'`; do echo -e `git log -1 --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci |%Cblue%cr |%Creset$k |%s" $k --`;done | sort | column -t -s "|"
This handles local and remote branches (-a
), handles detached-head state (the longer sed command, though the solution is kind of crude -- it just replaces the detached branch info with the keyword HEAD), adds in the commit subject (%s), and puts things into columns via literal pipe characters in the format string and passing the end result to column -t -s "|"
. (You could use whatever as the separator, as long as it's something you don't expect in the rest of the output.)
My second variant is quite hacky, but I really wanted something that still has an indicator of "this is the branch you're currently on" like the branch command does.
CURRENT_BRANCH=0
for k in `git branch -a | sed -e 's/\*/CURRENT_BRANCH_MARKER/' -e 's/(detached from .*)/HEAD/'`
do
if [ "$k" == 'CURRENT_BRANCH_MARKER' ]; then
# Set flag, skip output
CURRENT_BRANCH=1
elif [ $CURRENT_BRANCH == 0 ]; then
echo -e `git log -1 --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci |%Cblue%cr |%Creset$k |%s" $k --`
else
echo -e `git log -1 --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci |%Cblue%cr |%Creset* %Cgreen$k%Creset |%s" $k --`
CURRENT_BRANCH=0
fi
done | sort | column -t -s "|"
This turns the *
that marks the current branch into a keyword, and when the loop body sees the keyword it instead sets a flag and outputs nothing. The flag is used to indicate that an alternate formatting should be used for the next line. Like I said, it is totally hacky, but it works! (Mostly. For some reason, my last column is getting outdented on the current branch line.)
Solution 8 - Git
In PowerShell, the following shows branches on the remote that are already merged and at least two weeks old (the author:relative
format starts displaying weeks instead of days at two weeks):
$safeBranchRegex = "origin/(HEAD|master|develop)$";
$remoteMergedBranches = git branch --remote --merged | %{$_.trim()};
git for-each-ref --sort='authordate:iso8601' --format=' %(authordate:relative)%09%(refname:short)' refs/remotes | ?{$_ -match "(weeks|months|years) ago" -and $_ -notmatch "origin/(HEAD|master|qa/)"} | %{$_.substring($_.indexof("origin/"))} | ?{$_ -in $remoteMergedBranches}
Solution 9 - Git
I did a simple alias, not sure if this is what exactly asked, but it is simple
I did this as i wanted to list all the branches not just my local branches, which above commands do only
alias git_brs="git fetch && git branch -av --format='\''%(authordate)%09%(authordate:relative)%09%(refname)'\'"
You can pipe above to grep origin
to get only origins
This lists all the branches along with the last date modified, helps me decide which one i should pull for latest version
This results in below type of display
Wed Feb 4 23:21:56 2019 +0230 8 days ago refs/heads/foo
Tue Feb 3 12:18:04 2019 +0230 10 days ago refs/heads/master
Mon Feb 9 12:19:33 2019 +0230 4 days ago refs/heads/bar
Wed Feb 11 16:34:00 2019 +0230 2 days ago refs/heads/xyz
Tue Feb 3 12:18:04 2019 +0230 10 days ago refs/remotes/origin/HEAD
Mon Feb 9 12:19:33 2019 +0230 4 days ago refs/remotes/origin/foo
Tue Feb 3 12:18:04 2019 +0230 10 days ago refs/remotes/origin/master
Tue Feb 3 12:18:04 2019 +0230 10 days ago refs/remotes/origin/bar
Tue Feb 3 12:18:04 2019 +0230 10 days ago refs/remotes/origin/xyz
Try and let me know if it helped, happy gitting
Solution 10 - Git
Or you can use my PHP script, https://gist.github.com/2780984
#!/usr/bin/env php
<?php
$local = exec("git branch | xargs $1");
$lines = explode(" ", $local);
$limit = strtotime("-2 week");
$exclude = array("*", "master");
foreach ($exclude as $i) {
$k = array_search($i, $lines);
unset($lines[$k]);
}
$k = 0;
foreach ($lines as $line) {
$output[$k]['name'] = $line;
$output[$k]['time'] = exec('git log '.$line.' --pretty=format:"%at" -1');
if ($limit>$output[$k]['time']) {
echo "This branch should be deleted $line\n";
exec("git branch -d $line");
}
$k++;
}
?>
Solution 11 - Git
Here's a function you can add to your bash_profile to make this easier.
Usage when in a Git repository:
branch
prints all local branchesbranch -r
prints all remote branches
Function:
branch() {
local pattern="s/^..//"
local arg=""
if [[ $@ == "-r" ]]; then
pattern="s/^..(.*?)( ->.*)?$/\1/"
arg=" -r "
echo '-r provided'
fi
for k in $(git branch $arg | perl -pe "$pattern"); do
echo -e $(git show --pretty=format:"%Cgreen%ci %Cblue%cr%Creset" $k -- | head -n 1)\\t$k
done | sort -r
}