Your RVM is installed in `/usr/local/rvm` - it&#39;s often called system installation, this requires that your user `ubuntu` will be added to `rvm` group:

    rvm group add rvm &quot;$USER&quot;

yes use `$USER` it will be replaced by your shell with your user name

then log out and log in, ensure with:

    id

that your user is in `rvm` group,

finally just in case update permissions for RVM:

    rvm fix-permissions


The solution by @mpasis might not work if you&#39;re installing `rvm` using [ubuntu_rvm][1] as by default because of `copy+paste` it&#39;ll be installed as `root`.
Try installing `rvm` with without `sudo` or with `curl` as explained on [rvm.io][2].


  [1]: https://github.com/rvm/ubuntu_rvm
  [2]: https://rvm.io/rvm/install

I have the following simple view. Why is it resulting in this error?

 `The view auth_lifecycle.views.user_profile didn&#39;t return an HttpResponse object. It returned None instead.`

    &quot;&quot;&quot;Renders web pages for the user-authentication-lifecycle project.&quot;&quot;&quot;
    from django.shortcuts               import render
    from django.template                import RequestContext
    from django.contrib.auth            import authenticate, login

    def user_profile(request):
        &quot;&quot;&quot;Displays information unique to the logged-in user.&quot;&quot;&quot;

        user = authenticate(username=&#39;superuserusername&#39;, password=&#39;sueruserpassword&#39;)
        login(request, user)

        render(request, &#39;auth_lifecycle/user_profile.html&#39;,
               context_instance=RequestContext(request))


The view didn&#39;t return an HttpResponse object. It returned None instead

I can&#39;t find how to include (or import, inject, or some other word) a function from one file (module) to another.

I start a new project with

```none    
$ cd ~/projects
$ cargo new proj --bin
$ cd proj
$ tree
.
|
-- Cargo.toml
-- src
   |
   -- main.rs
```

I modify `main.rs` and create a new file `a.rs` (inside the `src` dir) with the following code:

**main.rs**

```
fn main() {
    println!(&quot;{}&quot;, a::foo());
}
```

**a.rs**

```
pub fn foo() -&gt; i32 { 42 }
```

I run the project with `cargo run` and get the error:

```none
error[E0433]: failed to resolve: use of undeclared type or module `a`
 --&gt; src/main.rs:2:20
  |
2 |     println!(&quot;{}&quot;, a::foo());
  |                    ^ use of undeclared type or module `a`
```

It seems that I need to import the `a` somehow. I tried to add following things as a first line to `main.rs` 

- `use a;` 

    ```none
    error[E0432]: unresolved import `a`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:1:5
      |
    1 | use a;
      |     ^ no `a` in the root
    ```

- `use a::*;`

    ```none
    error[E0432]: unresolved import `a`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:1:5
      |
    1 | use a::*;
      |     ^ maybe a missing `extern crate a;`?
    
    error[E0433]: failed to resolve: use of undeclared type or module `a`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:4:20
      |
    4 |     println!(&quot;{}&quot;, a::foo());
      |                    ^ use of undeclared type or module `a`
    ```

- `use a::foo;`

    ```none
    error[E0432]: unresolved import `a`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:1:5
      |
    1 | use a::foo;
      |     ^ maybe a missing `extern crate a;`?
    
    error[E0433]: failed to resolve: use of undeclared type or module `a`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:4:20
      |
    4 |     println!(&quot;{}&quot;, a::foo());
      |                    ^ use of undeclared type or module `a`
    ```

- `extern crate a; use a::foo;` 

    ```none
    error[E0463]: can&#39;t find crate for `a`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:1:1
      |
    1 | extern crate a;
      | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ can&#39;t find crate
    ```

- `extern crate proj; use proj::a::foo;` 

    ```none
    error[E0463]: can&#39;t find crate for `proj`
     --&gt; src/main.rs:1:1
      |
    1 | extern crate proj;
      | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ can&#39;t find crate
    ```

I have read [the guide](https://doc.rust-lang.org/0.12.0/guide.html#crates-and-modules) but still cannot figure out how to do imports.


How do I do a basic import/include of a function from one module to another in Rust 2015?

I am trying to install Ruby Version Manager (RVM) without success.
How to get through this error I am getting?


    ubuntu@ip-172-31-0-20:/tmp$ rvm install ruby-1.9.3-p484
    Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
    No binary rubies available for: ubuntu/14.04/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p484.
    Continuing with compilation. Please read &#39;rvm help mount&#39; to get more information on binary rubies.
    Checking requirements for ubuntu.
    Requirements installation successful.
    Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p484, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
    ruby-1.9.3-p484 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p484, this may take a while depending on your connection...
    Warning: Failed to create the file ruby-1.9.3-p484.tar.bz2.part: Permission
    Warning: denied
      0 9806k    0  1002    0     0  22905      0  0:07:18 --:--:--  0:07:18 23302
    curl: (23) Failed writing body (0 != 1002)
    There was an error(23).
    Checking fallback: http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.3-p484.tar.bz2
    Warning: Failed to create the file ruby-1.9.3-p484.tar.bz2.part: Permission
    Warning: denied
      0 9806k    0  1167    0     0   4300      0  0:38:55 --:--:--  0:38:55  4290
    curl: (23) Failed writing body (0 != 1167)
    There was an error(23).
    Failed download
    There has been an error fetching the ruby interpreter. Halting the installation.
    ubuntu@ip-172-31-0-20:/tmp$

Installing RVM: getting error &quot;There was an error(23).&quot;

I am trying to install Ruby Version Manager (RVM) without success.
How to get through this error I am getting?
<pre><code class="hljs language-vbnet">ubuntu@ip-172-31-0-20:/tmp$ rvm install ruby-1.9.3-p484
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
No binary rubies available for: ubuntu/14.04/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p484.
Continuing with compilation. Please read 'rvm help mount' to get more information on binary rubies.
Checking requirements for ubuntu.
Requirements installation successful.
Installing Ruby from source to: /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p484, this may take a while depending on your cpu(s)...
ruby-1.9.3-p484 - #downloading ruby-1.9.3-p484, this may take a while depending on your connection...
Warning: Failed to create the file ruby-1.9.3-p484.tar.bz2.part: Permission
Warning: denied
 0 9806k 0 1002 0 0 22905 0 0:07:18 --:--:-- 0:07:18 23302
curl: (23) Failed writing body (0 != 1002)
There was an error(23).
Checking fallback: http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.3-p484.tar.bz2
Warning: Failed to create the file ruby-1.9.3-p484.tar.bz2.part: Permission
Warning: denied
 0 9806k 0 1167 0 0 4300 0 0:38:55 --:--:-- 0:38:55 4290
curl: (23) Failed writing body (0 != 1167)
There was an error(23).
Failed download
There has been an error fetching the ruby interpreter. Halting the installation.
ubuntu@ip-172-31-0-20:/tmp$
</code></pre>

I just deploy jekyll in a vps, and config git post-receive hook on it. When I push blog update to vps from my laptop, I run into this error:

    remote: /usr/bin/env: ruby_executable_hooks: No such file or directory
I searched for a while, and tried the method proposed in this post: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18936933/bundle-update-env-ruby-executable-hooks-no-such-file-or-directory, i.e., executing the commands below:

    rvm @global do gem regenerate_binstubs
    gem regenerate_binstubs
But it doesn&#39;t help, the error remains. Since I&#39;m not familiar with rvm or ruby, could anyone give me a hint?

How to solve &quot;/usr/bin/env: ruby_executable_hooks: No such file or directory&quot;?

Using a Rails 4 app I would like Rubocop to ignore lines with comments (just a comment or some code with an end of line comment) when checking if a line is to long. Is there a way to do this?

Rubocop Linelength: How to ignore lines with comments?

I want to call a Ruby script from the command line, and pass in parameters that are key/value pairs.

Command line call:

    $ ruby my_script.rb --first_name=donald --last_name=knuth

my_script.rb:

    puts args.first_name + args.last_name

What is the standard Ruby way to do this? In other languages I usually have to use an option parser. In Ruby I saw we have `ARGF.read`, but that does not seem to work key/value pairs like in this example.

[OptionParser][1] looks promising, but I can&#39;t tell if it actually supports this case.


  [1]: http://ruby-doc.org/stdlib-2.1.1/libdoc/optparse/rdoc/OptionParser.html#method-i-getopts

Parse command line arguments in a Ruby script

I get an error `AWS::S3::Errors::InvalidRequest The authorization mechanism you have provided is not supported. Please use AWS4-HMAC-SHA256.` when I try upload file to S3 bucket in new Frankfurt region. All works properly with `US Standard` region.

Script:

    backup_file = &#39;/media/db-backup_for_dev/2014-10-23_02-00-07/slave_dump.sql.gz&#39;
    s3 = AWS::S3.new(
        access_key_id:     AMAZONS3[&#39;access_key_id&#39;],
        secret_access_key: AMAZONS3[&#39;secret_access_key&#39;]
    )
 
    s3_bucket = s3.buckets[&#39;test-frankfurt&#39;]
 
    # Folder and file name
    s3_name = &quot;database-backups-last20days/#{File.basename(File.dirname(backup_file))}_#{File.basename(backup_file)}&quot;
 
    file_obj = s3_bucket.objects[s3_name]
    file_obj.write(file: backup_file)

aws-sdk (1.56.0)

How to fix it?

Thank you.

The authorization mechanism you have provided is not supported. Please use AWS4-HMAC-SHA256

I dont know how to install the latest Ruby on Ubuntu. 

First I installed the default Ruby 1.9.3, using

    sudo apt-get install ruby

Then I tried to install the 2.0 version using

    sudo apt-get install ruby2.0

My version of Ruby is still &quot;ruby 1.9.3p484 (2013-11-22 revision 43786) [x86_64-linux])&quot;

What should I do? 

How to install Ruby 2.1.4 on Ubuntu 14.04

How to set ANDROID_HOME path in ubuntu? 

Please provide the steps.

How to set ANDROID_HOME path in ubuntu?

I&#39;m trying to install nodeJs into my Ubuntu 14.04 in order to use GruntJs.

I&#39;ve read about [Ubuntu different way][1] of doing it ([issues?][2]), so this is what I&#39;ve done in order to install it:

    sudo apt-get install npm

    sudo npm install -g grunt-cli

Typing grunt after that I&#39;ve got the error:

    /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory

So, I&#39;ve tried:

    curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup | sudo bash -

    sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

    sudo apt-get update

And trying again, and still getting the error, I&#39;ve tried:

    sudo add-apt-repository https://launchpad.net/~chris-lea/+archive/node.js/

    sudo apt-get install -y nodejs

I&#39;ve got this message:

    nodejs is already the newest version.
    0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 3 not to upgrade.

I did try a cleanup just in case:

    sudo apt-get autoremove

But nope, the error is still there: when I type grunt I still get `/usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory`

What should I do?





  [1]: https://github.com/joyent/node/wiki/Installing-Node.js-via-package-manager#debian-and-ubuntu-based-linux-distributions
  [2]: https://github.com/atom/atom/issues/2241


Cannot install NodeJs: /usr/bin/env: node: No such file or directory

When I run `mongo`, I get the warning:

&gt; Failed global initialization: BadValue Invalid or no user locale set. Please ensure LANG and/or LC_* environment variables are set correctly.

BadValue Invalid or no user locale set. Please ensure LANG and/or LC_* environment variables are set correctly

i am using digitalocean and trying to install and start tomcat on ubuntu but unfortunately i can not do it. (created new droplets and tried 10 times)

***1GB Ram 30GB SSD Disk Amsterdam 2 Ubuntu 14.04 x64***

When i start tomcat, it says &quot;Tomcat started&quot;. But i can not access page from browser. and ./shutdown.sh returns error. 

What can be the problem ? 

**I noticed something now. While i am writing this question, tomcat page is displayed. it took 28 minutes to display the page** 

catalina.out says: **INFO: Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [1,718,769] milliseconds.**

Here are my installation steps (These steps works on different vps but doesn&#39;t work on digitalocean droplets):

Install oracle jdk

     sudo apt-get install python-software-properties
     sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
     sudo apt-get update
     sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-installer
     sudo apt-get install oracle-java7-set-default
          java -version
          java version &quot;1.7.0_72&quot;
          Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_72-b14)
          Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.72-b04, mixed mode)


Set java path

          sudo nano /etc/environment
          JAVA_HOME=&quot;/usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle&quot;
          source /etc/environment
          wget http://ftp.itu.edu.tr/Mirror/Apache/tomcat/tomcat-7/v7.0.56/bin/apache-tomcat-7.0.56.tar.gz
          tar xvzf apache-tomcat-7.0.56.tar.gz
          mv apache-tomcat-7.0.56/ apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/

Start Tomcat

			./startup.sh
				Using CATALINA_BASE:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1
				Using CATALINA_HOME:   /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1
				Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/temp
				Using JRE_HOME:        /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre
				Using CLASSPATH:       /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
				Tomcat started.

Checkout Port 8080	

			netstat -ln	
				tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN
				tcp6       0      0 :::8009                 :::*                    LISTEN
				tcp6       0      0 :::8080                 :::*                    LISTEN
				tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN

Checkout process

                ps -ef | grep tomcat
				root      2825     1  1 14:23 pts/0    00:00:03 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle/jre/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/endorsed -classpath /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start

Open web site at port 8080 `http://5.101.107.56:8080/`  Page is waiting... [content is displayed after 28 minute or more]

Try to shutdown tomcat if content is not displayed yet (before tomcat starts properly).

          ./shutdown.sh 
				SEVERE: Could not contact localhost:8005. Tomcat may not be running.
				Oct 17, 2014 2:40:29 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina stopServer
				SEVERE: Catalina.stop:
					java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
					at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
					at java.net.AbstractPlainSoc


Checkout logs

          catalina.out
				Oct 17, 2014 2:31:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
				INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler [&quot;ajp-bio-8009&quot;]
				Oct 17, 2014 2:31:47 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
				INFO: Initialization processed in 1492 ms
				Oct 17, 2014 2:31:47 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
				INFO: Starting service Catalina
				Oct 17, 2014 2:31:47 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
				INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.56
				Oct 17, 2014 2:31:47 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
				INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/webapps/host-manager

I also installed nginx and navigate to `http://5.XXX.XXX.XX/` nginx welcome page is opened immediately



I checked catalina.out when i see the page in browser, it says: 

        Oct 17, 2014 2:31:47 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
        INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/apache-tomcat-7.0.56-server-1/webapps/host-manager
        Oct 17, 2014 3:00:27 PM org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGenerator createSecureRandom
        INFO: Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took **[1,718,769] milliseconds.**

Memory:

                   total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
      Mem:       1017912     849512     168400        332      18780     688468



Tomcat7 starts too late on Ubuntu 14.04 x64 [Digitalocean]

I was using this script to install basic software, but had to interrupt because of slow internet speed.
Now when I hit `$ sudo apt-get install npm` , I get following error


    yask123@yaskslaptop:~$ sudo apt-get installed npm
    E: Invalid operation installed
    yask123@yaskslaptop:~$ sudo apt-get install npm
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree       
    Reading state information... Done
    Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
    requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
    distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
    or been moved out of Incoming.
    The following information may help to resolve the situation:
    
    The following packages have unmet dependencies:
     npm : Depends: nodejs but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-abbrev (&gt;= 1.0.4) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-ansi (&gt;= 0.3.0-2) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-ansi-color-table but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-archy but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-block-stream but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-fstream (&gt;= 0.1.22) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-fstream-ignore but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-github-url-from-git but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-glob (&gt;= 3.1.21) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-graceful-fs (&gt;= 2.0.0) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-inherits but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-ini (&gt;= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-lockfile but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-lru-cache (&gt;= 2.3.0) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-minimatch (&gt;= 0.2.11) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-mkdirp (&gt;= 0.3.3) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-gyp (&gt;= 0.10.9) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-nopt (&gt;= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-npmlog but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-once but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-osenv but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-read but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-read-package-json (&gt;= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-request (&gt;= 2.25.0) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-retry but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-rimraf (&gt;= 2.2.2) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-semver (&gt;= 2.1.0) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-sha but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-slide but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-tar (&gt;= 0.1.18) but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-underscore but it is not going to be installed
           Depends: node-which but it is not going to be installed
    E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.



How do I resolve `The following packages have unmet dependencies`

I have a new mac pro (OS X 10.9.5) that I get to set up from scratch. I want to install RVM and the first thing it says to do is: 

&gt; Install mpapis public key (might need `gpg2` and or `sudo`)
&gt;
&gt;     gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys D39DC0E3

When I tried I got:

    gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys D39DC0E3
    zsh: command not found: gpg

I&#39;ve tried to find a good guide on how to overcome this that also looks trustworthy but I&#39;ve had no luck.

Can someone explain what `gpg` is, why I dont already have it, and how do I get it the right way.

How to resolve &quot;gpg: command not found&quot; error during RVM installation?

I&#39;m attempting to install `jekyll` and I&#39;ve encountered an error. I&#39;m running Mac OS X 10.11.4 (El Capitan).

    $gem install jekyll
    ERROR : While executing gem ... (Gem::Exception)
            Unable to require openssl, install OpenSSL and rebuild ruby (preferred) or use non-HTTPS sources
    $gem source -l
    https://ruby.taobao.org
    $which openssl
    /usr/local/bin/openssl

I welcome your suggestions how to resolve this error.

Unable to require openssl, install OpenSSL and rebuild ruby (preferred) or use non-HTTPS sources

I&#39;m currently experiencing an issue with my new rails application, more specifically:

 - Rails 5.2.0
 - Ruby 2.5.1p57 (2018-03-29 revision 63029) [x86_64-darwin17]
 - rvm 1.29.4 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io]

When I run `rails c`, it produces a warning links to fileutils gem as the following:

    `/usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:90:` `warning:` `already` initialized constant FileUtils::VERSION
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:92: warning: previous definition of VERSION was here
    /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:1188: warning: already initialized constant FileUtils::Entry_::S_IF_DOOR
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:1267: warning: previous definition of S_IF_DOOR was here
    /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:1446: warning: already initialized constant FileUtils::Entry_::DIRECTORY_TERM
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:1541: warning: previous definition of DIRECTORY_TERM was here
    /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:1448: warning: already initialized constant FileUtils::Entry_::SYSCASE
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:1543: warning: previous definition of SYSCASE was here
    /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:1501: warning: already initialized constant FileUtils::OPT_TABLE
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:1596: warning: previous definition of OPT_TABLE was here
    /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:1555: warning: already initialized constant FileUtils::LOW_METHODS
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:1650: warning: previous definition of LOW_METHODS was here
    /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/fileutils.rb:1562: warning: already initialized constant FileUtils::METHODS
    /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/fileutils-1.1.0/lib/fileutils.rb:1657: warning: previous definition of METHODS was here

I follow all the step as outlined in this guideline `http://railsapps.github.io/installrubyonrails-mac.html`.

You can replicate the issue by just following the guideline or with the following steps:

 1. rvm install ruby-2.5.1
 2. rails new app
 3. cd app
 4. gem update
 5. bundle update

After observing and working around, I&#39;ve found that the default version of fileutils come with Ruby 2.5.* is 1.0.2 and the `gem update` command installs a another newer version 1.1.0. Therefore, there are two versions of `fileutils` are loaded when I run the `rails c`. 

To deal with this issue, I append `--default` option to the `gem update` command. 

    gem update --default

As a result, I got two default versions which can be seen by running `gem list | grep fileutils`. This is the only way I can get rid the warning.

    mac: gem list | grep fileutils
    fileutils (default: 1.1.0, default: 1.0.2)

I write this question with, kind of, answer just to share with someone who may experience the same issue. I spent hours to sort it out as I couldn&#39;t find any helps on the internet.

***Note***: the same issue happens when I use `rbenv` instead of `rvm` on macOS Sierra.

Please let me know if anyone has a better approach to deal with such an issue.

Cheers,

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Kimda K	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Ruby	mpapis	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Ruby	Swaps	View Answer on Stackoverflow

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