How to resolve "gpg: command not found" error during RVM installation?
RubyMacosCommand LineRvmGnupgRuby Problem Overview
I have a new mac pro (OS X 10.9.5) that I get to set up from scratch. I want to install RVM and the first thing it says to do is:
> Install mpapis public key (might need gpg2 and or sudo)
>
> gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys D39DC0E3
When I tried I got:
gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys D39DC0E3
zsh: command not found: gpg
I've tried to find a good guide on how to overcome this that also looks trustworthy but I've had no luck.
Can someone explain what gpg is, why I dont already have it, and how do I get it the right way.
Ruby Solutions
Solution 1 - Ruby
GnuPG (with binary name gpg) is an application used for public key encryption using the OpenPGP protocol, but also verification of signatures (cryptographic signatures, that also can validate the publisher if used correctly). To some extend, you could say it's for OpenPGP what OpenSSL is for X.509 and TLS.
Unlike most Linux distributions (which make heavy use of GnuPG for ensuring untampered software within their package repositories), Mac OS X does not bring GnuPG with the operating system, so you have to install it on your own.
Possible sources are:
Solution 2 - Ruby
As the instruction said "might need gpg2"
In mac, you can try install it with homebrew
$ brew install gpg2
Solution 3 - Ruby
On Mac OSX 10.15, Even after installing gpg, i was getting gpg2 command not found
$ brew install gnupg gnupg2
Warning: gnupg 2.2.23 is already installed and up-to-date
To reinstall 2.2.23, run `brew reinstall gnupg`
$ gpg2 --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
-bash: gpg2: command not found
Instead, this worked for me
$ gpg --keyserver hkp://pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
Solution 4 - Ruby
This worked for me
$brew install gnupg
Solution 5 - Ruby
Here are the steps to install RVM.
Step 1: Install gpg or gpg2 (both work)
brew install gpg
Step 2: Install GPG keys used to verify installation package:
gpg --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
If you encounter problem with the key server above, try a different one.
- hkp://ipv4.pool.sks-keyservers.net
- hkp://pgp.mit.edu
- hkp://keyserver.pgp.com
Step 3: Install RVM
\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
Check out the Security page if you still run into problems.
Solution 6 - Ruby
On my clean macOS 10.15.7, I needed to brew link gnupg && brew unlink gnupg first and then used Ashish's answer to use gpg instead of gpg2. I also had to chown a few directories. before the un/link.
Solution 7 - Ruby
After installing gpg using:
brew install gnupg2
This solution helped me get the keys to install rvm:
curl -sSL https://rvm.io/mpapis.asc | gpg --import -
curl -sSL https://rvm.io/pkuczynski.asc | gpg --import -
Solution 8 - Ruby
You can also use:
$ sudo gem install rvm
It should give you the following output:
Fetching: rvm-1.11.3.9.gem (100%)
Successfully installed rvm-1.11.3.9
Parsing documentation for rvm-1.11.3.9
Installing ri documentation for rvm-1.11.3.9
1 gem installed