use `typeof &quot;foo&quot; === &quot;string&quot;` instead of `instanceof.`

Use `typeof` instead and just compare the resulting string. See [docs](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/typeof) for details.

There is no need to write `new String()` to create a new string. When we write `var x = &#39;test&#39;;` statement, it create the `x` as a string from a primitive data type. We can&#39;t attach the custom properties to this `x` as we do with object literal. ie. `x.custom = &#39;abc&#39;;` `x.custom` will give undefined value. Thus as per our need we need to create the object. `new String()` will create an object with `typeof()` Object and not string. We can add custom properties to this object.

I have several switch statements which test an `enum`. All `enum` values must be handled in the `switch` statements by a `case` statement. During code refactoring it can happen that the `enum` shrinks and grows. When the `enum` shrinks the compiler throws an error. But no error is thrown, if the the `enum` grows. The matching state gets forgotten and produces a run time error. I would like to move this error from run time to compile time. Theoretically it should be possible to detect the missing `enum` cases at compile time. Is there any way to achieve this?

The question exists already &quot;https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3999942/how-to-detect-a-new-value-was-added-to-an-enum-and-is-not-handled-in-a-switch?rq=1&quot; but it does not contain an answer only an Eclipse related work around.


How to ensure completeness in an enum switch at compile time?

When a input field changes (onchange) I trigger a function to set a variable. The only problem is that the field first has to lose focus before the variable is set and I can check if the field(s) is changed, this is what I want to do when the user clicks on a tab so I can check if the user is forgotten to submit his form in the previous tab. Ho to force lose focus of all possible fields, so first the `onchange` event can take place?

How to force to lose focus of all fields in a form in jQuery

In JavaScript, I can declare a string in the following ways;

    var a = &quot;Hello World&quot;;
    var b = new String(&quot;Hello World&quot;);

but a is not an instance of String...

    console.log(a instanceof String); //false;
    console.log(b instanceof String); //true;

So how do you find the type or &quot;`instanceof`&quot; a string literal?

Can JavaScript be forced to create a `new String()` for every string literal?

How to &quot;instanceof&quot; a primitive string (string literal) in JavaScript

In JavaScript, I can declare a string in the following ways;
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">var a = "Hello World";
var b = new String("Hello World");
</code></pre>
but a is not an instance of String...
<pre><code class="hljs language-javascript">console.log(a instanceof String); //false;
console.log(b instanceof String); //true;
</code></pre>
So how do you find the type or "<code>instanceof</code>" a string literal?
Can JavaScript be forced to create a <code>new String()</code> for every string literal?

I need to rotate an image with javascript in 90-degree intervals. I have tried a few libraries like [jQuery rotate][1] and [Rapha&#235;l][2], but they have the same problem - The image is rotated around its center. I have a bunch of content on all sides of the image, and if the image isn&#39;t perfectly square, parts of it will end up on top of that content. I want the image to stay inside its parent div, which has max-with and max-height set.

Using jQuery rotate like this ([http://jsfiddle.net/s6zSn/1073/][3]):

    var angle = 0;
    $(&#39;#button&#39;).on(&#39;click&#39;, function() {
        angle += 90;
        $(&quot;#image&quot;).rotate(angle);
    });

Results in this:

![How jQuery rotate works][4]

And this is the result i would like instead:

![How I would like it to work][5]

Anyone have an idea on how to accomplish this?

  [1]: http://code.google.com/p/jqueryrotate/
  [2]: http://raphaeljs.com/image-rotation.html
  [3]: http://jsfiddle.net/s6zSn/1073/
  [4]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/2pu8l.png
  [5]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/mD86F.png

Rotate image with javascript

What is the difference between these two extend functions? 

&lt;!-- language: lang-js --&gt;

      angular.extend(a,b);
      $.extend(a,b);

While the jquery.extend is well documented the angular.extend lacks details and the comments there provide no answers. (https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng/function/angular.extend).

Does angular.extend also provide deep copy?

jquery extend vs angular extend

I was trying to download a file from a bucket on Amazon S3. I was wondering if I can write a javascript to download such a file from a bucket. I was googling it, but couldn&#39;t find any resources that can help me do that.

Some steps in mind are: authenticate Amazon S3, then by providing bucket name, and file(key), download or read the file so that I can be able to display the data in the file.

Thanks,

Javascript to download a file from amazon s3 bucket?

I am using Mustache to render templates. 

I have this json object: 

      {
        title: &quot;Foo bar&quot;, 
        content: &quot;&lt;p&gt; Html here &lt;/p&gt;&quot;, 
        footer: &quot;footer content here&quot;
      }

I have a Mustache template like: 

      &lt;div id=&quot;box&quot;&gt;
        &lt;div id=&quot;title&quot;&gt; {{title}} &lt;/div&gt; 
        &lt;div id=&quot;content&quot;&gt; {{content}} &lt;/div&gt; 
        &lt;div id=&quot;footer&quot;&gt; {{footer}} &lt;/div&gt; 
      &lt;/div&gt;

My problem is that the html within the variable content is not getting rendered but instead is just getting printed to the screen. 

I see (in non-view source window): `&lt;p&gt; Html here &lt;/p&gt;`, where I would only want to see that if I viewed the page source. 

How can I fix such that when I pass in a string to a mustache template the HTML inside gets rendered? I am calling mustache.render(templates.all,data); as my call to mustache.  


Mustache template string inside render as HTML

I&#39;m using javascript to disable text selection on my webiste.

The code is:
    
    &lt;script type=&quot;text/JavaScript&quot;&gt;

    function disableselect(e) {
      return false
    }

    function reEnable() {
      return true
    }

    document.onselectstart = new Function (&quot;return false&quot;)

    if (window.sidebar) {
      document.onmousedown = disableselect
      document.onclick = reEnable
    }
    &lt;/script&gt;

Similar script can be found [here](http://rainbow.arch.scriptmania.com/scripts/no_right_click.html)

__On my localhost:__ All Browsers (Firefox, Chrome, IE and Safari) work great.

__On my Live site:__ All ok EXCEPT Firefox.

My questions are:

1. Does anyone have a suggestion as to why Firefox behaves differently for the live site and local host. Note: Javascript is enabled.

2. Maybe my script is too simplistic so I&#39;ve tried the [following](http://freeware.ke-zo.com/CODES/DisableRC.txt) with EXACTLY SAME Results

javascript: Disable Text Select

I need to declare an empty string array and i&#39;m using this code

    string[] arr = new String[0]();

But I get &quot;method name expected&quot; error.

What&#39;s wrong?

C# declare empty string array

How can I create a [`java.nio.file.Path`][1] object from a `String` object in Java 7?

I.e.

    String textPath = &quot;c:/dir1/dir2/dir3&quot;;
    Path path = ?;

where `?` is the missing code that uses `textPath`.

  [1]: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/nio/file/Path.html

Create a Path from String in Java7

I have this text file made up of numbers and words, for example like this - `09807754 18 n 03 aristocrat 0 blue_blood 0 patrician` and I want to split it so that each word or number will come up as a new line. 

A whitespace separator would be ideal as I would like the words with the dashes to stay connected.

This is what I have so far: 

    f = open(&#39;words.txt&#39;, &#39;r&#39;)
    for word in f:
        print(word)

not really sure how to go from here, I would like this to be the output:

    09807754
    18
    n
    3
    aristocrat
    ...


Reading a text file and splitting it into single words in python

When terminating a string, it seems to me that logically `char c=0` is equivalent to `char c=&#39;\0&#39;`, since the &quot;null&quot; (ASCII 0) byte is `0`, but usually people tend to do `&#39;\0&#39;` instead. Is this purely out of preference or should it be a better &quot;practice&quot;?

What is the preferred choice?

------------

**EDIT:** ***K&amp;R*** *says*: &quot;The character constant `&#39;\0&#39;` represents the character with value zero, the null character. `&#39;\0&#39;` is often written instead of `0` to emphasize the character nature of some expression, but the numeric value is just `0`.

String termination - char c=0 vs char c=&#39;\0&#39;

I have some `string` and I want to *hash* it with the **SHA-256** hash function using C#. I want something like this:

     string hashString = sha256_hash(&quot;samplestring&quot;);

Is there something built into the framework to do this?

Obtain SHA-256 string of a string

I would like to know regarding following behavior of `instanceof` operator in Java.

    interface C {}

    class B {}

    public class A {
        public static void main(String args[]) {
            B obj = new B();
            System.out.println(obj instanceof A);      //Gives compiler error
            System.out.println(obj instanceof C);      //Gives false as output
        }
    }

Why is it so? There is no relation between `interface C` and `class B`, but it gives false whereas in case of `obj instanceof A` it gives compiler error?


The &#39;instanceof&#39; operator behaves differently for interfaces and classes

I have the following expression:

    scheduleIntervalContainers.stream()
            .filter(sic -&gt; ((ScheduleIntervalContainer) sic).getStartTime() != ((ScheduleIntervalContainer)sic).getEndTime())
            .collect(Collectors.toList());

...where `scheduleIntervalContainers` has element type `ScheduleContainer`:

    final List&lt;ScheduleContainer&gt; scheduleIntervalContainers

Is it possible to check the type before the filter?

Check instanceof in stream

How can I find the variable type in Kotlin?
In Java there is `instanceof`, but Kotlin does not exist:

    val properties = System.getProperties() // Which type?

Get type of a variable in Kotlin

I wrote this code

    interface Foo {
        abcdef: number;
    }

    let x: Foo | string;

    if (x instanceof Foo) {
        // ...
    }

But TypeScript gave me this error:

    &#39;Foo&#39; only refers to a type, but is being used as a value here.

Why is this happening? I thought that `instanceof` could check whether my value has a given type, but TypeScript seems not to like this.

Why does &#39;instanceof&#39; in TypeScript give me the error &quot;&#39;Foo&#39; only refers to a type, but is being used as a value here.&quot;?

There is a very convenient feature introduced in C++11 called raw string literals, which are strings with no escape characters. And instead of writing this:

      regex mask(&quot;\\t[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+\\t\\\\SUB&quot;);

You can simply write this:

      regex mask(R&quot;(\t[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\t\\SUB)&quot;);

Quite more readable. However, note extra parenthesis around the string one have to place to define a raw string literal. 

My question is, why do we even need these? For me it looks quite ugly and illogical. Here are the cons what I see:

 - Extra verbosity, while the whole feature is used to make literals more compact
 - Hard to distinguish between the body of the literal and the defining symbols

That&#39;s what I mean by the hard distinguishing:

    &quot;good old usual string literal&quot;
     ^-    body inside quotes   -^

    R&quot;(new strange raw string literal)&quot;
       ^- body inside parenthesis  -^

And here is the pro:

 - More flexibility, more characters available in raw strings, especially when used with the delimiter: `&quot;delim( can use &quot;()&quot; here )delim&quot;`

But hey, if you need more flexibility, you have old good escapeable string literals. Why the standard committee decided to pollute the content of every raw string literal with these absolutely unnecessary parenthesis? What was the rationale behind that? What are the pros I didn&#39;t mention?

**UPD** The answer by Kerrek is great, but it is not an answer, unfortunately. Since I already described that I understand how it works and what benefits does it give. Five years passed since I&#39;ve asked this question, and still there is no answer. And I am still frustrated by this decision. One could say that this is a matter of taste, but I would disagree. How many spaces do you use, how do you name your variables, is this `SomeFunction()` or `some_function()` - this is the matter of taste. And I can really easily switch from one style to another.

But this?.. Still feels awkward and clumsy after so many years. No, this is not about the taste. This is about how we want to cover all possible cases no matter what. We doomed to write these ugly parens every time we need to write a Windows-specific path, or a regular expression, or a multi-line string literal. And for what?.. For those rare cases when we actually need to put `&quot;` in a string? I wish I was on that committee meeting where they decided to do it this way. And I would be strongly against this really bad decision. I wish. Now we are doomed.

Thank you for reading this far. Now I feel a little better.

**UPD2** Here are my alternative proposals, which I think both would be MUCH better than existing.

Proposal 1. Inspired by python. Cannot support string literals with triple quotes: `R&quot;&quot;&quot;Here is a string literal with any content, except for triple quotes, which you don&#39;t actually use that often.&quot;&quot;&quot;`

Proposal 2. Inspired by common sense. Supports all possible string literals, just like the current one: `R&quot;delim&quot;content of string&quot;delim&quot;`. With empty delimiter: `R&quot;&quot;Looks better, doesn&#39;t it?&quot;&quot;`. Empty raw string: `R&quot;&quot;&quot;&quot;`. Raw string with double quotes: `R&quot;#&quot;Here are double quotes: &quot;&quot;, thanks&quot;#&quot;`.

Any problems with these proposals?

What is the rationale for parenthesis in C++11&#39;s raw string literals R&quot;(...)&quot;?

I&#39;m trying to compute the length of a string literal at compile time. To do so I&#39;m using following code:

    #include &lt;cstdio&gt;
    
    int constexpr length(const char* str)
    {
        return *str ? 1 + length(str + 1) : 0;
    }
    
    int main()
    {
        printf(&quot;%d %d&quot;, length(&quot;abcd&quot;), length(&quot;abcdefgh&quot;));
    }

Everything works as expected, the program prints 4 and 8. The assembly code generated by clang shows that the results are computed at compile time:

    0x100000f5e:  leaq   0x35(%rip), %rdi          ; &quot;%d %d&quot;
    0x100000f65:  movl   $0x4, %esi
    0x100000f6a:  movl   $0x8, %edx
    0x100000f6f:  xorl   %eax, %eax
    0x100000f71:  callq  0x100000f7a               ; symbol stub for: printf

**My question: is it guaranteed by the standard that `length` function will be evaluated compile time?** 

If this is true the door for compile time string literals computations just opened for me... for example I can compute hashes at compile time and many more... 

Computing length of a C string at compile time. Is this really a constexpr?

I saw the operator `r#&quot;&quot;` in Rust but I can&#39;t find what it does. It came in handy for creating JSON:

    let var1 = &quot;test1&quot;;
    let json = r#&quot;{&quot;type&quot;: &quot;type1&quot;, &quot;type2&quot;: var1}&quot;#;
    println!(&quot;{}&quot;, json) // =&gt; {&quot;type2&quot;: &quot;type1&quot;, &quot;type2&quot;: var1}

What&#39;s the name of the operator `r#&quot;&quot;`? How do I make `var1` evaluate?

What is the r#&quot;&quot;# operator in Rust?

I&#39;m a c++ newbie (just oldschool c).   My son asked for help with this and I&#39;m unable to explain it.   If he had asked me &quot;how do I compare strings&quot; I would have told him to use strcmp(), but that isn&#39;t what is confusing me.   Here is what he asked:

    int main() 
    { 
      cout &lt;&lt; (&quot;A&quot;&lt; &quot;Z&quot;);
    }

will print 1

    int main() 
    { 
      cout &lt;&lt; (&quot;Z&quot;&lt; &quot;A&quot;);
    }
will also print 1, but

    int main() 
    { 
      cout &lt;&lt; (&quot;Z&quot;&lt; &quot;A&quot;);
      cout &lt;&lt; (&quot;A&quot;&lt; &quot;Z&quot;);
    }

will then print 10.   Individually both cout statements print 1, but executed in a row I get a different answer?  

C++ Comparison of String Literals

The two characters `)&quot;` terminate the raw string literal in the example below. &lt;br&gt;
The sequence `)&quot;` could appear in my text at some point, and I want the string to continue even if this sequence is found within it.

    R&quot;(  
        Some Text)&quot;  
    )&quot;;       // ^^
   

How can I include the sequence `)&quot;` within the string literal without terminating it?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Matthew Layton	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Javascript	Artur Udod	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Javascript	isaach1000	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Javascript	Vishnudas Tekale	View Answer on Stackoverflow

How to "instanceof" a primitive string (string literal) in JavaScript

Javascript Problem Overview

Javascript Solutions

Solution 1 - Javascript

Solution 2 - Javascript

Solution 3 - Javascript

How to force to lose focus of all fields in a form in jQuery

How to ensure completeness in an enum switch at compile time?

Attributions