How can I check the extension of a file?
PythonFile ExtensionPython Problem Overview
I'm working on a certain program where I need to do different things depending on the extension of the file. Could I just use this?
if m == *.mp3
...
elif m == *.flac
...
Python Solutions
Solution 1 - Python
Assuming m
is a string, you can use endswith
:
if m.endswith('.mp3'):
...
elif m.endswith('.flac'):
...
To be case-insensitive, and to eliminate a potentially large else-if chain:
m.lower().endswith(('.png', '.jpg', '.jpeg'))
Solution 2 - Python
os.path
provides many functions for manipulating paths/filenames. (docs)
os.path.splitext
takes a path and splits the file extension from the end of it.
import os
filepaths = ["/folder/soundfile.mp3", "folder1/folder/soundfile.flac"]
for fp in filepaths:
# Split the extension from the path and normalise it to lowercase.
ext = os.path.splitext(fp)[-1].lower()
# Now we can simply use == to check for equality, no need for wildcards.
if ext == ".mp3":
print fp, "is an mp3!"
elif ext == ".flac":
print fp, "is a flac file!"
else:
print fp, "is an unknown file format."
Gives:
/folder/soundfile.mp3 is an mp3! folder1/folder/soundfile.flac is a flac file!
Solution 3 - Python
Use pathlib
From Python3.4 onwards.
from pathlib import Path
Path('my_file.mp3').suffix == '.mp3'
Solution 4 - Python
Look at module fnmatch. That will do what you're trying to do.
import fnmatch
import os
for file in os.listdir('.'):
if fnmatch.fnmatch(file, '*.txt'):
print file
Solution 5 - Python
or perhaps:
from glob import glob
...
for files in glob('path/*.mp3'):
do something
for files in glob('path/*.flac'):
do something else
Solution 6 - Python
one easy way could be:
import os
if os.path.splitext(file)[1] == ".mp3":
# do something
os.path.splitext(file)
will return a tuple with two values (the filename without extension + just the extension). The second index ([1]) will therefor give you just the extension. The cool thing is, that this way you can also access the filename pretty easily, if needed!
Solution 7 - Python
An old thread, but may help future readers...
I would avoid using .lower() on filenames if for no other reason than to make your code more platform independent. (linux is case sensistive, .lower() on a filename will surely corrupt your logic eventually ...or worse, an important file!)
Why not use re? (Although to be even more robust, you should check the magic file header of each file... https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10937350/how-to-check-type-of-files-without-extensions-in-python )
import re
def checkext(fname):
if re.search('\.mp3$',fname,flags=re.IGNORECASE):
return('mp3')
if re.search('\.flac$',fname,flags=re.IGNORECASE):
return('flac')
return('skip')
flist = ['myfile.mp3', 'myfile.MP3','myfile.mP3','myfile.mp4','myfile.flack','myfile.FLAC',
'myfile.Mov','myfile.fLaC']
for f in flist:
print "{} ==> {}".format(f,checkext(f))
Output:
myfile.mp3 ==> mp3
myfile.MP3 ==> mp3
myfile.mP3 ==> mp3
myfile.mp4 ==> skip
myfile.flack ==> skip
myfile.FLAC ==> flac
myfile.Mov ==> skip
myfile.fLaC ==> flac
Solution 8 - Python
import os
source = ['test_sound.flac','ts.mp3']
for files in source:
fileName,fileExtension = os.path.splitext(files)
print fileExtension # Print File Extensions
print fileName # It print file name
Solution 9 - Python
You should make sure the "file" isn't actually a folder before checking the extension. Some of the answers above don't account for folder names with periods. (folder.mp3
is a valid folder name).
Checking the extension of a file:
import os
file_path = "C:/folder/file.mp3"
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)[1]
if file_extension.lower() == ".mp3":
print("It's an mp3")
if file_extension.lower() == ".flac":
print("It's a flac")
Output:
It's an mp3
Checking the extension of all files in a folder:
import os
directory = "C:/folder"
for file in os.listdir(directory):
file_path = os.path.join(directory, file)
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)[1]
print(file, "ends in", file_extension)
Output:
abc.txt ends in .txt
file.mp3 ends in .mp3
song.flac ends in .flac
Comparing file extension against multiple types:
import os
file_path = "C:/folder/file.mp3"
if os.path.isfile(file_path):
file_extension = os.path.splitext(file_path)[1]
if file_extension.lower() in {'.mp3', '.flac', '.ogg'}:
print("It's a music file")
elif file_extension.lower() in {'.jpg', '.jpeg', '.png'}:
print("It's an image file")
Output:
It's a music file
Solution 10 - Python
#!/usr/bin/python
import shutil, os
source = ['test_sound.flac','ts.mp3']
for files in source:
fileName,fileExtension = os.path.splitext(files)
if fileExtension==".flac" :
print 'This file is flac file %s' %files
elif fileExtension==".mp3":
print 'This file is mp3 file %s' %files
else:
print 'Format is not valid'
Solution 11 - Python
if (file.split(".")[1] == "mp3"):
print "its mp3"
elif (file.split(".")[1] == "flac"):
print "its flac"
else:
print "not compat"
Solution 12 - Python
If your file is uploaded then
import os
file= request.FILES['your_file_name'] #Your input file_name for your_file_name
ext = os.path.splitext(file.name)[-1].lower()
if ext=='.mp3':
#do something
elif ext=='.xls' or '.xlsx' or '.csv':
#do something
else:
#The uploaded file is not the required format
Solution 13 - Python
file='test.xlsx'
if file.endswith('.csv'):
print('file is CSV')
elif file.endswith('.xlsx'):
print('file is excel')
else:
print('none of them')