try this:

    View view = findViewById(...) //or however you need it
    LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) view.getLayoutParams();

margins are accessible via

    lp.leftMargin;
    lp.rightMargin;
    lp.topMargin;
    lp.bottomMargin;

**edit:**
perhaps `ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams` will work for you. It&#39;s a base class for other `LayoutParams`.

    ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams lp = (ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) view.getLayoutParams();
http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams.html

Try
  
    ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams vlp = (MarginLayoutParams) view.getLayoutParams()

    vlp.rightMargin
    vlp.bottomMargin
    vlp.leftMargin
    vlp.topMargin

This returned the correct margains for my view atleast.

http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams.html

now use this edited code. this will help you

 

    FrameLayout.LayoutParams lp=(FrameLayout.LayoutParams)mainLayout.getLayoutParams();
    
    lp.leftMargin  // for left margin
    lp.rightMargin   // for right margin



As others suggested, layout_margin# is the space between the parent&#39;s # edge and your view.

* \# replaces &quot;Left&quot;, &quot;Right&quot;, &quot;Top&quot; or &quot;Bottom&quot;

Getting/setting margins worked for me with:

    ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams params = (ViewGroup.MarginLayoutParams) mView.getLayoutParams();
    params.topMargin += 20;
    mView.requestLayout();

Of course, my View was indeed a ViewGroup and the parent was a ViewGroup as well. In most cases, you should cast your layout params to the parent&#39;s View class LayoutParams (in this case it&#39;s ViewGroup and RelativeLayout)

I have git installed and it works great in the command prompt, but when I open up powershell it gives me this warning:

    WARNING: Could not find ssh-agent

I have pageant running and loaded with my private key. This works in all the gui tools and the command prompt but not in Powershell. 

What&#39;s going on? 

Git in Powershell saying &#39;Could not find ssh-agent&#39;

How do you convert an array of characters to a string in JavaScript?

    var s = [&#39;H&#39;, &#39;e&#39;, &#39;l&#39;, &#39;l&#39;, &#39;o&#39;];
    // How to convert s to a string?

Convert a Char Array to a String

How can I get the margin value of a View from an Activity? The View can be of any type. 

After a bit of searching I found out ways to get padding of a view, but couldn&#39;t find anything on Margin. Can anyone help?

I tried something like this,

    ViewGroup.LayoutParams vlp = view.getLayoutParams();
    int marginBottom = ((LinearLayout.LayoutParams) vlp).bottomMargin;

This works, but in the above code I have assumed the view to be a `LinearLayout`. But I need to get the `margin` attribute even when I don&#39;t know the view type.

Get margin of a View

How can I get the margin value of a View from an Activity? The View can be of any type.
After a bit of searching I found out ways to get padding of a view, but couldn't find anything on Margin. Can anyone help?
I tried something like this,
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">ViewGroup.LayoutParams vlp = view.getLayoutParams();
int marginBottom = ((LinearLayout.LayoutParams) vlp).bottomMargin;
</code></pre>
This works, but in the above code I have assumed the view to be a <code>LinearLayout</code>. But I need to get the <code>margin</code> attribute even when I don't know the view type.

I have a Live Android application, and from market i have received following stack trace and i have no idea why its happening as its not happening in application code but its getting caused by some or the other event from the application (assumption) 

I am not using Fragments, still there is a reference of FragmentManager.
If any body can throw some light on some hidden facts to avoid this type of issue:

    java.lang.IllegalStateException: Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState
    at android.app.FragmentManagerImpl.checkStateLoss(FragmentManager.java:1109)
    at android.app.FragmentManagerImpl.popBackStackImmediate(FragmentManager.java:399)
    at android.app.Activity.onBackPressed(Activity.java:2066)
    at android.app.Activity.onKeyDown(Activity.java:1962)
    at android.view.KeyEvent.dispatch(KeyEvent.java:2482)
    at android.app.Activity.dispatchKeyEvent(Activity.java:2274)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.dispatchKeyEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1668)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent(ViewGroup.java:1112)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent(ViewGroup.java:1112)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent(ViewGroup.java:1112)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent(ViewGroup.java:1112)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent(ViewGroup.java:1112)
    at android.view.ViewGroup.dispatchKeyEvent(ViewGroup.java:1112)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.superDispatchKeyEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1720)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow.superDispatchKeyEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1258)
    at android.app.Activity.dispatchKeyEvent(Activity.java:2269)
    at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.dispatchKeyEvent(PhoneWindow.java:1668)
    at android.view.ViewRoot.deliverKeyEventPostIme(ViewRoot.java:2851)
    at android.view.ViewRoot.handleFinishedEvent(ViewRoot.java:2824)
    at android.view.ViewRoot.handleMessage(ViewRoot.java:2011)
    at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
    at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:132)
    at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4025)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:491)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:841)
    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:599)
    at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)  

getting exception &quot;IllegalStateException: Can not perform this action after onSaveInstanceState&quot;

I have this code, but works only for lower case letters.  I want this to sort the list while ignoring the upper case letters..

    package sortarray.com;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.widget.TextView;
    
    public class SortArray extends Activity {
    	ArrayList&lt;String[]&gt; matchedFruits = new ArrayList&lt;String[]&gt;();
    	TextView selection;
    
    	@Override
    	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    		setContentView(R.layout.main);
    
    		String fruits[] = new String[7];// Sorted array
    		fruits[0] = &quot;apple&quot;;
    		fruits[1] = &quot;apricot&quot;;
    		fruits[2] = &quot;banana&quot;;
    		fruits[3] = &quot;mango&quot;;
    		fruits[4] = &quot;melon&quot;;
    		fruits[5] = &quot;pineapple&quot;;
    		fruits[6] = &quot;peach&quot;;
    		char currChar = fruits[0].charAt(0);// Get first char of first element
    
    		boolean match = false;
    		int len = fruits.length;
    		List&lt;String&gt; tmp = new ArrayList&lt;String&gt;();
    
    		for (int i = 1; i &lt; len; i++) {
    			Log.d(&quot;Comparing &quot;, fruits[i].charAt(0) + &quot;,&quot; + currChar);
    			if (fruits[i].charAt(0) == currChar) {
    				if (match == false)// new match?
    				{
    					match = true;// Reset search
    					tmp.clear();// clear existing items
    					tmp.add(fruits[i - 1]);
    					Log.d(&quot;Started new list &quot;, fruits[i - 1]);
    				} else {
    					tmp.add(fruits[i - 1]);
    					Log.d(&quot;Added to list &quot;, fruits[i - 1]);
    				}
    			} else {
    				match = false;
    				tmp.add(fruits[i - 1]);
    				matchedFruits.add(tmp.toArray(new String[tmp.size()]));// add to
    																		// final
    																		// list
    				Log.d(&quot;Finished a list &quot;, fruits[i - 1]);
    				tmp.clear();// clear existing items
    
    			}
    			currChar = fruits[i].charAt(0);
    
    		}
    		tmp.add(fruits[len - 1]);
    		matchedFruits.add(tmp.toArray(new String[tmp.size()]));// add left over
    																// items
    		printList();
    	}
    
    	void printList()
        {
        //Print the list 
    		TextView selection = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
    		String mssg=&quot;&quot;;
        for(int i=0;i&lt;matchedFruits.size();i++)
        {
        		String tmp2[]= matchedFruits.get(i);
        		
        		for (int j = 0; j &lt; tmp2.length; j++) {
                    //Log.d(&quot;Final list&quot;, &quot;Array #&quot; + i + &quot;[&quot; + j + &quot;],&quot; + tmp2[j]);
                    mssg += tmp2[j].toString();
                	
                }
        		//selection.setText(&quot;\n&quot;);
        		selection.setText(mssg);
        		
        }
        }
    }

How to sort alphabetically while ignoring case sensitive?

I am trying to detect when a new App is being installed but only if my app is running. I managed to detect the installation of the app by making a BroadcastReceiver and activating it inside the AndroidManifest file but this will detect even if my app is closed.
So that is why I need to manually activate and deactivate the broadcastreveiver. To do this I have this code:

    br = new BroadcastReceiver() {
			
		@Override
		public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			Log.i(&quot;Enter&quot;, &quot;Enters here&quot;);
			Toast.makeText(context, &quot;App Installed!!!!.&quot;, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
		}
	};
    IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
    intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
    intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_INSTALL);
    registerReceiver(br, intentFilter);


This should make a toast when a new app is installed. But sadly it does not. It does not enter in the onReceive method. Any help is appreciated.

Receiving package install and uninstall events

I want to create an intent that starts a new activity once a Menu Item is clicked, but I&#39;m not sure how to do this. I&#39;ve been reading through the android documentation, but my implementation isn&#39;t correct..and some guidance in the right direction would help. I&#39;ve listed my code below and commented out my problem areas, I think I&#39;m invoking the wrong method.

    package com.jbsoft.SimpleFlashlight;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.content.Intent;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.view.*;
    import android.view.MenuItem.OnMenuItemClickListener;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    public class SimpleFlashLightActivity extends Activity {
    
    
      Button GreenButton;   // Declare instances of buttons to use later
      Button BlueButton;
    
      private static final int OK_MENU_ITEM = Menu.FIRST;
    
      /** Called when the activity is first created. */
      @Override
      public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
    
        BlueButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bluebutton);
        BlueButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    
          public void onClick(View v) {
    
            //Display msg when user clicks Blue Button
            showColorChangeMsg();
    
            // Switch Activities on click
            Intent blueintent = new Intent(SimpleFlashLightActivity.this,
                                           BlueFlashLightActivity.class);
            startActivity(blueintent);
    
          }
        });
        //Install listener for second button
        GreenButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.greenbutton);
        GreenButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
    
          public void onClick(View v) {
    
            // Display msg when user clicks Green Button
            showColorChangeMsg();
    
            Intent greenintent = new        Intent(SimpleFlashLightActivity.this,
                                                   GreenFlashLightActivty.class);
            startActivity(greenintent);
    
          }
        });
    
        ;
    
        /**************************************************************************************/
    
        // Method Declarations // THIS IS WHERE I&#39;M HAVING A PROBLEM
    
        MenuItem AddColorButton = (MenuItem)findViewById(R.id.menu_insert);
    
        boolean onOptionsItemSelected(AddColorButton) {
          Intent intent = new  Intent(SimpleFlashLightActivity.this,
                                      BlueFlashLightActivity.class);
          startActivity(intent);
          return true;
          ;
        };
        /****************************************************************************************/
    
      }
      private void showColorChangeMsg()
      {
        Toast msgtoast = Toast.makeText(this.getBaseContext(), &quot;SWITCH COLOR!&quot;,
                                        Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
        msgtoast.show();
      }
      private void showMsg(String msg) {
        Toast toast = Toast.makeText(this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
        toast.show();
      }
    
      public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
        MenuInflater mi = getMenuInflater();
        mi.inflate(R.menu.list_menu, menu);
        return true;
    
      }
    
      @Override
      public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case OK_MENU_ITEM:
          showMsg(&quot;OK&quot;);
          break;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
      }
    
    }

Handling a Menu Item Click Event - Android

I would like to have 2 languages for the UI and separate string values for them in my resource file `res\values\strings.xml`:

&lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
&lt;resources&gt;
   
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Books_en&quot;&gt;Books&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Quotes_en&quot;&gt;Quotes&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Questions_en&quot;&gt;Questions&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Notes_en&quot;&gt;Notes&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Bookmarks_en&quot;&gt;Bookmarks&lt;/string&gt;
    
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Books_ru&quot;&gt;Книги&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Quotes_ru&quot;&gt;Цитаты&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Questions_ru&quot;&gt;Вопросы&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Notes_ru&quot;&gt;Заметки&lt;/string&gt;
    &lt;string name=&quot;tab_Bookmarks_ru&quot;&gt;Закладки&lt;/string&gt;
&lt;/resources&gt;

Now I need to retrieve these values dynamically in my app:

    spec.setContent(R.id.tabPage1);
    String pack = getPackageName();
    String id = &quot;tab_Books_&quot; + Central.lang;
    int i = Central.Res.getIdentifier(id, &quot;string&quot;, pack);
    String str = Central.Res.getString(i);

My problem is that `i = 0`.

Why does not it work in my case?

Android: How do I get string from resources using its name?

I am looking at the Honeycomb Gallery sample code ([here][1]) and I ran across the following code while trying to add action items in my own app:

    &lt;item android:id=&quot;@+id/camera&quot;
        android:title=&quot;Camera&quot;
        android:icon=&quot;?attr/menuIconCamera&quot;
        android:showAsAction=&quot;ifRoom&quot; /&gt;

The `?attr` is throwing me for a loop.  Can someone please explain what this is doing?  How is this related to a drawable?  I can&#39;t seem to find any good information on Google.  Also is there a listing or gallery of attributes we can use for icons instead of just `menuIconCamera`?

Thanks

Edit:
I did some more looking around and found that attrs.xml looks like this:

    &lt;resources&gt;
    &lt;declare-styleable name=&quot;AppTheme&quot;&gt;
        &lt;attr name=&quot;listDragShadowBackground&quot; format=&quot;reference&quot; /&gt;
        &lt;attr name=&quot;menuIconCamera&quot; format=&quot;reference&quot; /&gt;
        &lt;attr name=&quot;menuIconToggle&quot; format=&quot;reference&quot; /&gt;
        &lt;attr name=&quot;menuIconShare&quot; format=&quot;reference&quot; /&gt;
    &lt;/declare-styleable&gt;
&lt;/resources&gt;

Unfortunately that just makes it even more confusing for me.  What is this doing?


  [1]: http://developer.android.com/resources/samples/HoneycombGallery/index.html

Can someone explain the attr?

I&#39;m trying to work out if it&#39;s possible to use percentage positions/sizes when creating a layout. What I want is something like this...

    ^
    |
    |
    | 68%
    |
    |
    v
    Gallery (height equivalent of 16% total screen size)
    ^
    | 16%
    v

I&#39;m testing on a device which in landscape has a display of 800x480 actual pixels and I&#39;m currently forcing it with the following...

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;RelativeLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
        android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
        android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot; &gt; 
        &lt;Gallery 
            android:id=&quot;@+id/gallery&quot;
            android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_height=&quot;80px&quot;
            android:layout_marginTop =&quot;320px&quot;
        /&gt;
    &lt;/RelativeLayout&gt;

Obviously I don&#39;t want to hard-code fixed `px` units but I can&#39;t use `68%` or `0.68` for `layout_marginTop` (for example). I&#39;ve looked at `dp` units but I&#39;m not sure if I can do it that way either.

I have to admit UI design is a weak point of mine so any advice would be gratefully received.

**EDIT:** For future reference if anyone is looking for a similar answer, following Alan Moore&#39;s suggestion I have the following working exactly how I want it...

    &lt;?xml version=&quot;1.0&quot; encoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;?&gt;
    &lt;LinearLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
        android:orientation=&quot;vertical&quot;
        android:background=&quot;@drawable/bground&quot;
        android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
        android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot; &gt;
        &lt;TextView
            android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_height=&quot;0dp&quot;
            android:layout_weight=&quot;0.68&quot;
            android:background=&quot;@android:color/transparent&quot;
        /&gt;
        &lt;Gallery 
            android:id=&quot;@+id/gallery&quot;
            android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
            android:layout_weight=&quot;0.16&quot;
        /&gt;
        &lt;TextView
            android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_height=&quot;0dp&quot;
            android:layout_weight=&quot;0.16&quot; 
            android:background=&quot;@android:color/transparent&quot;
        /&gt;
    &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

I managed to find some other examples of using `layout_weight` and decided to set the `TextView` heights to `0dp` and also used floats for the weights. Working great. :)

Set position / size of UI element as percentage of screen size

I&#39;m measuring text using `Paint.getTextBounds()`, since I&#39;m interested in getting both the height and width of the text to be rendered. However, the actual text rendered is always a bit wider than the `.width()` of the `Rect` information filled by `getTextBounds()`.

To my surprise, I tested `.measureText()`, and found that it returns a different (higher) value. I gave it a try, and found it correct.

Why do they report different widths? How can I correctly obtain the height and width? I mean, I *can* use `.measureText()`, but then I wouldn&#39;t know if I should trust the `.height()` returned by `getTextBounds()`.

As requested, here is minimal code to reproduce the problem:

    final String someText = &quot;Hello. I believe I&#39;m some text!&quot;;
    
    Paint p = new Paint();
    Rect bounds = new Rect();
    
    for (float f = 10; f &lt; 40; f += 1f) {
        p.setTextSize(f);
        
        p.getTextBounds(someText, 0, someText.length(), bounds);
        
        Log.d(&quot;Test&quot;, String.format(
            &quot;Size %f, measureText %f, getTextBounds %d&quot;,
            f,
            p.measureText(someText),
            bounds.width())
        );
    }

The output shows that the difference not only gets greater than 1 (and is no last-minute rounding error), but also seems to increase with size (I was about to draw more conclusions, but it may be entirely font-dependent):

    D/Test    (  607): Size 10.000000, measureText 135.000000, getTextBounds 134
    D/Test    (  607): Size 11.000000, measureText 149.000000, getTextBounds 148
    D/Test    (  607): Size 12.000000, measureText 156.000000, getTextBounds 155
    D/Test    (  607): Size 13.000000, measureText 171.000000, getTextBounds 169
    D/Test    (  607): Size 14.000000, measureText 195.000000, getTextBounds 193
    D/Test    (  607): Size 15.000000, measureText 201.000000, getTextBounds 199
    D/Test    (  607): Size 16.000000, measureText 211.000000, getTextBounds 210
    D/Test    (  607): Size 17.000000, measureText 225.000000, getTextBounds 223
    D/Test    (  607): Size 18.000000, measureText 245.000000, getTextBounds 243
    D/Test    (  607): Size 19.000000, measureText 251.000000, getTextBounds 249
    D/Test    (  607): Size 20.000000, measureText 269.000000, getTextBounds 267
    D/Test    (  607): Size 21.000000, measureText 275.000000, getTextBounds 272
    D/Test    (  607): Size 22.000000, measureText 297.000000, getTextBounds 294
    D/Test    (  607): Size 23.000000, measureText 305.000000, getTextBounds 302
    D/Test    (  607): Size 24.000000, measureText 319.000000, getTextBounds 316
    D/Test    (  607): Size 25.000000, measureText 330.000000, getTextBounds 326
    D/Test    (  607): Size 26.000000, measureText 349.000000, getTextBounds 346
    D/Test    (  607): Size 27.000000, measureText 357.000000, getTextBounds 354
    D/Test    (  607): Size 28.000000, measureText 369.000000, getTextBounds 365
    D/Test    (  607): Size 29.000000, measureText 396.000000, getTextBounds 392
    D/Test    (  607): Size 30.000000, measureText 401.000000, getTextBounds 397
    D/Test    (  607): Size 31.000000, measureText 418.000000, getTextBounds 414
    D/Test    (  607): Size 32.000000, measureText 423.000000, getTextBounds 418
    D/Test    (  607): Size 33.000000, measureText 446.000000, getTextBounds 441
    D/Test    (  607): Size 34.000000, measureText 455.000000, getTextBounds 450
    D/Test    (  607): Size 35.000000, measureText 468.000000, getTextBounds 463
    D/Test    (  607): Size 36.000000, measureText 474.000000, getTextBounds 469
    D/Test    (  607): Size 37.000000, measureText 500.000000, getTextBounds 495
    D/Test    (  607): Size 38.000000, measureText 506.000000, getTextBounds 501
    D/Test    (  607): Size 39.000000, measureText 521.000000, getTextBounds 515



Android Paint: .measureText() vs .getTextBounds()

I have an edit text:

       &lt;LinearLayout android:id=&quot;@+id/linearLayout7&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;match_parent&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;&gt;
            &lt;EditText android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:layout_weight=&quot;1&quot; android:id=&quot;@+id/editText1&quot; android:text=&quot;3&quot;&gt;
                &lt;requestFocus&gt;&lt;/requestFocus&gt;
            &lt;/EditText&gt;
            &lt;Button android:text=&quot;Button&quot; android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot; android:id=&quot;@+id/button2&quot;&gt;&lt;/Button&gt;
        &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;

and then some other stuff underneath

The problem I&#39;m having is that right when the app starts the focus is on the input, i dont want focus to be on input right when the app starts.

I tried removing the 

    &lt;requestFocus&gt;&lt;/requestFocus&gt;

 thing and it didn&#39;t do anything.

Disable auto focus on edit text

I found the following attribute in one xml layout:

    android:background=&quot;@null&quot;

What is the meaning of `@null`? What is the difference between specifying background=&quot;@null&quot; and omitting background attribute?

android meaning of @null in xml attribute

I have an `Activity` with 3 `EditText`s and a custom view which acts a specialised keyboard to add information into the `EditText`s. 

Currently I&#39;m passing the `Activity` into the view so that I can get the currently focused edit text and update the contents from the custom keyboard. 

Is there a way of referencing the parent activity and getting the currently focused `EditText` without passing the activity into the view? 



How to get hosting Activity from a view?

In an XML file, we can assign an ID to a view like `android:id=&quot;@+id/something&quot;` and then call `findViewById()`, but when creating a view programmatically, how do I assign an ID?

I think `setId()` is not the same as default assignment. `setId()` is extra.

Can anybody correct me?

How can I assign an ID to a view programmatically?

When developing for `Android`, you can set your target (or minimum) sdk to 4 (API 1.6) and add the android compatibility package (v4) to add support for `Fragments`. Yesterday I did this and successfully implemented `Fragments` to visualize data from a custom class. 

My question is this: what is the benefit for using `Fragments` as opposed to simply getting a View from a custom object, and still supporting API 1.5?

For example, say I have the class Foo.java:

    public class Foo extends Fragment {

        /** Title of the Foo object*/
        private String title;
        /** A description of Foo */
        private String message;

        /** Create a new Foo
         * @param title
         * @param message */
        public Foo(String title, String message) {
            this.title = title;
            this.message = message;
        }//Foo

        /** Retrieves the View to display (supports API 1.5. To use,
         * remove &#39;extends Fragment&#39; from the class statement, along with
         * the method {@link #onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle)}) 
         * @param context Used for retrieving the inflater */
        public View getView(Context context) {
            LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
            View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.foo, null);
            TextView t = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.title);
            t.setText(this.title);
            TextView m = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.message);
            m.setText(this.message);
            return v;
        }//getView 

        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            if (container == null) {
                return null;
            }
            View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.foo, null);
            TextView t = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.title);
            t.setText(this.title);
            TextView m = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.message);
            m.setText(this.message);
            return v;
        }//onCreateView
        
    }//Foo

Both methods are very simple to create and to work with in an Activity that, say, has a `List&lt;Foo&gt;` to display (for example, programmatically adding each to a `ScrollView`), so are `Fragments` really all that useful, or are they just an over-glorified simplification of getting a View, such as through the code above?


What is the benefit of using Fragments in Android, rather than Views?

I want to give ID to some views (textview ,imageview etc) in a layout that is programmetically created. 
So what is the best way to set ID. 


How to set Id of dynamic created layout?

My questions are:

 1. What is exactly the function of the LayoutInflater?
 2. Why do all the articles that I&#39;ve read check if convertview is null or not first? What does it mean when it is null and what does it mean when it isn&#39;t?
 3. What is the parent parameter that this method accepts?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Arnab Chakraborty	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Android	Vladimir	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Android	Freddroid	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Android	ilango j	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Android	milosmns	View Answer on Stackoverflow

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