Is the method for getting an SHA-1 fingerprint the same as the method of getting the fingerprint? Previously, I was running this command:

![Windows Command Prompt running keytool.exe][1]


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/SRb3A.jpg

It&#39;s not clear to me if the result I&#39;m getting is the SHA-1 fingerprint. Can somebody clarify this?


SHA-1 fingerprint of keystore certificate

What would actually happen if I had a hash collision while using git?

E.g. I manage to commit two files with the same sha1 checksum,
would git notice it or corrupt one of the files?

Could git be improved to live with that, or would I have to change to a new hash algorithm?

(Please do not deflect this question by discussing how unlikely that is - Thanks)

Hash collision in git

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [Generate a Hash from string in Javascript/jQuery](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7616461/generate-a-hash-from-string-in-javascript-jquery)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

Can anyone suggest a simple (i.e. tens of lines of code, not hundreds of lines) hash function written in (browser-compatible) JavaScript?  Ideally I&#39;d like something that, when passed a string as input, produces something similar to the 32 character hexadecimal string that&#39;s the typical output of MD5, SHA1, etc.  It doesn&#39;t have to be cryptographically secure, just reasonably resistant to collisions.  (My initial use case is URLs, but I&#39;ll probably want to use it on other strings in the future.)

Simple (non-secure) hash function for JavaScript?

I&#39;m trying to make a simple String to SHA1 converter in Java and this is what I&#39;ve got...

	public static String toSHA1(byte[] convertme) {
	    MessageDigest md = null;
		try {
			md = MessageDigest.getInstance(&quot;SHA-1&quot;);
		}
		catch(NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
	    return new String(md.digest(convertme));
	}

When I pass it `toSHA1(&quot;password&quot;.getBytes())`, I get `[�a�ɹ??�%l�3~��.` I know it&#39;s probably a simple encoding fix like UTF-8, but could someone tell me what I should do to get what I want which is `5baa61e4c9b93f3f0682250b6cf8331b7ee68fd8`? Or am I doing this completely wrong?

Java String to SHA1

[SHA Hash functions](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SHA-1)

How do I create a SHA1 hash in ruby?

I have a simple question which occured when I wanted to store the result of a SHA1 hash in a MySQL database:

How long should the *VARCHAR* field be in which I store the hash&#39;s result?

Storing SHA1 hash values in MySQL

**Conclusion:** SHA-1 is as safe as anything against preimage attacks, however it is easy to compute, which means it is easier to mount a bruteforce or dictionary attack. (The same is true for successors like SHA-256.) Depending on the circumstances, a hash function which was designed to be computationally expensive (such as bcrypt) might be a better choice.

----------

Some people throw around remarks like &quot;SHA-1 is broken&quot; a lot, so I&#39;m trying to understand what exactly that means. Let&#39;s assume I have a database of SHA-1 password hashes, and an attacker whith a state of the art SHA-1 breaking algorithm and a botnet with 100,000 machines gets access to it. (Having control over 100k home computers would mean they can do about 10^15 operations per second.) How much time would they need to

 1. find out the password of any one user?
 2. find out the password of a given user?
 3. find out the password of all users?
 4. find a way to log in as one of the users?
 5. find a way to log in as a specific user?

How does that change if the passwords are salted? Does the method of salting (prefix, postfix, both, or something more complicated like xor-ing) matter?

Here is my current understanding, after some googling. Please correct in the answers if I misunderstood something.

 - If there is no salt, a rainbow attack will immediately find all passwords (except extremely long ones).
 - If there is a sufficiently long random salt, the most effective way to find out the passwords is a brute force or dictionary attack. Neither collision nor preimage attacks are any help in finding out the actual password, so cryptographic attacks against SHA-1 are no help here. It doesn&#39;t even matter much what algorithm is used - one could even use MD5 or MD4 and the passwords would be just as safe (there is a slight difference because computing a SHA-1 hash is slower). 
 - To evaluate how safe &quot;just as safe&quot; is, let&#39;s assume that a single sha1 run takes 1000 operations and passwords contain uppercase, lowercase and digits (that is, 60 characters). That means the attacker can test 10&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;*60*60*24 / 1000 ~= 10&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt; potential password a day. For a brute force attack, that would mean testing all passwords up to 9 characters in 3 hours, up to 10 characters in a week, up to 11 characters in a year. (It takes 60 times as much for every additional character.) A dictionary attack is much, much faster (even an attacker with a single computer could pull it off in hours), but only finds weak passwords.
 - To log in as a user, the attacker does not need to find out the exact password; it is enough to find a string that results in the same hash. This is called a first preimage attack. As far as I could find, there are no preimage attacks against SHA-1. (A bruteforce attack would take 2&lt;sup&gt;160&lt;/sup&gt; operations, which means our theoretical attacker would need 10&lt;sup&gt;30&lt;/sup&gt; years to pull it off. Limits of theoretical possibility are around 2&lt;sup&gt;60&lt;/sup&gt; operations, at which the attack would take a few years.) There are [preimage attacks against reduced versions of SHA-1](http://www.cosic.esat.kuleuven.be/publications/article-1146.pdf) with negligible effect (for the reduced SHA-1 which uses 44 steps instead of 80, attack time is down from 2&lt;sup&gt;160&lt;/sup&gt; operations to 2&lt;sup&gt;157&lt;/sup&gt;). There are collision attacks against SHA-1 which are well within theoretical possibility ([the best I found](http://www.secureworks.com/research/blog/index.php/2009/6/3/sha-1-collision-attacks-now-252/) brings the time down from 2&lt;sup&gt;80&lt;/sup&gt; to 2&lt;sup&gt;52&lt;/sup&gt;), but those are useless against password hashes, even without salting.

In short, storing passwords with SHA-1 seems perfectly safe. Did I miss something?

**Update:** Marcelo pointed out an article which mentions [a second preimage attack in 2&lt;sup&gt;106&lt;/sup&gt; operations](http://eprint.iacr.org/2004/304). (*Edit:* As [Thomas explains](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2772014/is-sha-1-secure-for-password-storage/2774744#2774744), this attack is a hypothetical construct which does not apply to real-life scenarios.) I still don&#39;t see how this spells danger for the use of SHA-1 as a key derivation function, though. Are there generally good reasons to think that a collision attack or a second preimage attack can be eventually turned into a first preimage attack?

Is SHA-1 secure for password storage?

I am using this line to generate a sha1 id for node.js:

    crypto.createHash(&#39;sha1&#39;).digest(&#39;hex&#39;);

The problem is that it&#39;s returning the same id every time.

Is it possible to have it generate a random id each time so I can use it as a database document id?

How to generate random SHA1 hash to use as ID in node.js?

I want python to read to the EOF so I can get an appropriate hash, whether it is sha1 or md5. Please help. Here is what I have so far:

    import hashlib

    inputFile = raw_input(&quot;Enter the name of the file:&quot;)
    openedFile = open(inputFile)
    readFile = openedFile.read()

    md5Hash = hashlib.md5(readFile)
    md5Hashed = md5Hash.hexdigest()

    sha1Hash = hashlib.sha1(readFile)
    sha1Hashed = sha1Hash.hexdigest()

    print &quot;File Name: %s&quot; % inputFile
    print &quot;MD5: %r&quot; % md5Hashed
    print &quot;SHA1: %r&quot; % sha1Hashed

Hashing a file in Python

As I understand it when Git assigns a SHA1 hash to a file this SHA1 is unique to the file based on its contents. 

As a result if a file moves from one repository to another the SHA1 for the file remains the same as its contents have not changed. 

How does Git calculate the SHA1 digest? Does it do it on the full uncompressed file contents? 

I would like to emulate assigning SHA1&#39;s outside of Git.






How to assign a Git SHA1&#39;s to a file without Git?

The SHA1 hashes stored in the tree objects (as returned by `git ls-tree`) do not match the SHA1 hashes of the file content (as returned by `sha1sum`):

    $ git cat-file blob 4716ca912495c805b94a88ef6dc3fb4aff46bf3c | sha1sum
    de20247992af0f949ae8df4fa9a37e4a03d7063e  -

How does Git compute file hashes? Does it compress the content before computing the hash?

How does Git compute file hashes?

I&#39;m making a php login, and I&#39;m trying to decide whether to use SHA1 or Md5, or SHA256 which I read about in another stackoverflow article. Are any of them more secure than others? For SHA1/256, do I still use a salt? 

Also, is this a secure way to store the password as a hash in mysql?

    function createSalt()
    {
        $string = md5(uniqid(rand(), true));
        return substr($string, 0, 3);
    }
    
    $salt = createSalt();
     
    $hash = sha1($salt . $hash);



SHA1 vs md5 vs SHA256: which to use for a PHP login?

Is calculating an MD5 hash less CPU intensive than SHA-1 or SHA-2 on &quot;standard&quot; laptop x86 hardware? I&#39;m interested in general information, not specific to a certain chip.

**UPDATE:**
In my case, I&#39;m interested in calculating the hash of a file. If file-size matters, let&#39;s assume its 300K.

Is calculating an MD5 hash less CPU intensive than SHA family functions?

I&#39;m trying to generate a SHA-1 for a Flutter app, for Android studio to support Google Sign in, but I don&#39;t know how to do that, I saw some posts that indicate to run a command, but there I need a jks file I guess, and flutter doesn&#39;t create that.

Could someone help me?


Generate SHA-1 for Flutter/React-Native/Android-Native app

Is there a bash script to generate a `HMAC-SHA1` hash?

I&#39;m looking for something equivalent to the following PHP code:

    hash_hmac(&quot;sha1&quot;, &quot;value&quot;, &quot;key&quot;);



HMAC-SHA1 in bash

As I want to use Google maps in my application, I need the debug certificates&#39; MD5 fingerprint. I tried following.: 

(Here I copied the debug.keystore file from C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.android in bin folder)

    C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.7.0\bin&gt;keytool -list -alias androiddebugkey -keystore debug.keystore -storepass android -keypass android

But got the following results:

    androiddebugkey, May 27, 2011, PrivateKeyEntry,Certificate fingerprint (SHA1): &quot;some code&quot;

However that is not working to get MAP API key. Is SHA1 is same as MD5?

What should I do to get the MD5 certificate?

How can I get the MD5 fingerprint from Java&#39;s keytool, not only SHA-1?

I&#39;m trying to create a dynamic link in Firebase, when I&#39;m selecting the android app, it shows an error saying &quot;Add SHA-1 to this android app&quot;, I&#39;ve already added a credential, but I&#39;m not sure how exactly do I &quot;add SHA-1 to the app&quot;

How is this done?

How to add SHA-1 to android application

I want to hash given `byte[]` array with using `SHA1` Algorithm with the use of `SHA1Managed`.&lt;br/&gt;
The `byte[]` hash will come from unit test. &lt;br/&gt;
Expected hash is `0d71ee4472658cd5874c5578410a9d8611fc9aef` (case sensitive).

How can I achieve this?

    public string Hash(byte [] temp)
    {
        using (SHA1Managed sha1 = new SHA1Managed())
        {
                    
        }
    }


Hashing with SHA1 Algorithm in C#

Given two different strings S1 and S2 (S1 != S2) is it possible that:
    
    SHA1(S1) == SHA1(S2)

is True?

 1. If yes - with what probability?  
 2. If not - why not?
 3. Is there a upper bound on the length of a input string, for which the probability of getting duplicates is 0? OR is the calculation of SHA1  (hence probability of duplicates) independent of the length of the string?

The goal I am trying to achieve is to hash some sensitive ID string (possibly joined together with some other fields like parent ID), so that I can use the hash value as an ID instead (for example in the database).

Example:

    Resource ID: X123
    Parent ID: P123

I don&#39;t want to expose the nature of my resource identifies to allow client to see &quot;X123-P123&quot;.

Instead I want to create a new column hash(&quot;X123-P123&quot;), let&#39;s say it&#39;s AAAZZZ. Then the client can request resource with id AAAZZZ and not know about my internal id&#39;s etc.



Is it possible to get identical SHA1 hash?

In Objective C I&#39;ve been using the following code to hash a string:

    -(NSString *) sha1:(NSString*)stringToHash {	
        const char *cStr = [stringToHash UTF8String];
        unsigned char result[20];
        CC_SHA1( cStr, strlen(cStr), result );
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@&quot;%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X&quot;,
			result[0], result[1], result[2], result[3], 
			result[4], result[5], result[6], result[7],
			result[8], result[9], result[10], result[11],
			result[12], result[13], result[14], result[15],
			result[16], result[17], result[18], result[19]
			];	
    }

Now I need the same for Android but can&#39;t find out how to do it. I&#39;ve been looking for example at this: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5757024/make-sha1-encryption-on-android
 but that doesn&#39;t give me the same result as on iPhone. Can anyone point me in the right direction?

How to SHA1 hash a string in Android?

Given a set of 100 different strings of equal length, how can you quantify the probability that a SHA1 digest collision for the strings is unlikely... ? 



Probability of SHA1 collisions

In objective-c it looks like this:
    
    #include &lt;sys/xattr.h&gt;
    
    @implementation NSString (reverse)
    
    -(NSString*)sha1
    {
        NSData *data = [self dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        uint8_t digest[CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH];
        CC_SHA1(data.bytes, (int)data.length, digest);
        NSMutableString *output = [NSMutableString stringWithCapacity:CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2];
        for (int i = 0; i &lt; CC_SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH; i++)
            [output appendFormat:@&quot;%02x&quot;, digest[i]];
        return output;
    }
    
    @end

I need something like this with Swift, is it possible?

Please, show work example.

How to hash NSString with SHA1 in Swift?

I want to get the SHA1 key from Android Studio on a Mac. From Eclipse it&#39;s simple, but I can&#39;t get this in Android Studio. 

I have checked similar questions but didn&#39;t get any way to get that in MAC. 

The SHA1 is different for signed and unsigned APK. Please mention the methods to get for both.

Thanks in advance.

Get SHA1 fingerprint certificate in Android Studio for Google Maps

In a Makefile this would be done with something like:

    g++ -DGIT_SHA1=&quot;`git log -1 | head -n 1`&quot; ...

This is very useful, because the binary knows exact commit SHA1 so it can dump it in case of segfault.


How can I achieve the same with CMake?


How can I pass git SHA1 to compiler as definition using cmake?

`[]byte` to string raises an error.
`string([]byte[:n])` raises an error too.
By the way, for example, sha1 value to string for filename.
Does it need utf-8 or any other encoding set explicitly? 
Thanks!

How to convert byte array to string in Go

I need to generate HMAC-SHA1 in Objective C. But i didnt find anything that works. I tried with CommonCrypto, using CCHMAC, but didnt works. I need to generate a hmac and after generate HOTP number.

Somebody have any example code in Objective C or C?

Objective-C sample code for HMAC-SHA1

How do I use the &lt;code&gt;SHA1CryptoServiceProvider()&lt;/code&gt; on a file to create a SHA1 Checksum of the file?

How do I do a SHA1 File Checksum in C#?

I&#39;m storing the user password on the db as a sha1 hash.

Unfortunately I&#39;m getting strange answers.

I&#39;m storing the string as this:

    MessageDigest cript = MessageDigest.getInstance(&quot;SHA-1&quot;);
                  cript.reset();
                  cript.update(userPass.getBytes(&quot;utf8&quot;));
                  this.password = new String(cript.digest());

I wanted something like this --&gt;

aff --&gt; &quot;0c05aa56405c447e6678b7f3127febde5c3a9238&quot;

rather than

aff --&gt; �V@\D~fx����\:�8


Java calculate hex representation of a SHA-1 digest of a String

I&#39;m hashing some values using HMAC-SHA1, using the following code in Java:

    public static String hmacSha1(String value, String key) {
		try {
			// Get an hmac_sha1 key from the raw key bytes
			byte[] keyBytes = key.getBytes();			
			SecretKeySpec signingKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, &quot;HmacSHA1&quot;);
			 
			// Get an hmac_sha1 Mac instance and initialize with the signing key
			Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(&quot;HmacSHA1&quot;);
			mac.init(signingKey);

			// Compute the hmac on input data bytes
			byte[] rawHmac = mac.doFinal(value.getBytes());
			
			// Convert raw bytes to Hex
			byte[] hexBytes = new Hex().encode(rawHmac);
			
			//  Covert array of Hex bytes to a String
			return new String(hexBytes, &quot;UTF-8&quot;);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			throw new RuntimeException(e);
		}
	}

`Hex()` belongs to `org.apache.commons.codec`

In PHP there&#39;s a similar function `hash_hmac(algorithm, data, key)` that I use to compare the values returned by my Java implementation.

So the first try is:

    hash_hmac(&quot;sha1&quot;, &quot;helloworld&quot;, &quot;mykey&quot;) // PHP

that returns: `74ae5a4a3d9996d5918defc2c3d475471bbf59ac`

My Java function returns `74ae5a4a3d9996d5918defc2c3d475471bbf59ac` as well.

Ok, it seems working. Then I try to use a more complex key:

    hash_hmac(&quot;sha1&quot;, &quot;helloworld&quot;, &quot;PRIE7$oG2uS-Yf17kEnUEpi5hvW/#AFo&quot;) // PHP

that returns: `e98bcc5c5be6f11dc582ae55f520d1ec4ae29f7a`

While this time my Java impl returns: `c19fccf57c613f1868dd22d586f9571cf6412cd0`


The hash returned by my PHP code is not equal to the value returned by my Java function, and I can&#39;t find out why.

Any tips?

HMAC-SHA1: How to do it properly in Java?

I&#39;m building a system which needs to be able to find if **blobs of bytes have been updated**. 
Rather than storing the whole blob (they can be up to 5MBs), I&#39;m thinking I should compute a checksum of it, store this and compute the same checksum a little bit later, to see whether the blob has been updated.

The goal is to minimize the following (in that order) :

 - size of the checksum 
 - time to compute 
 - likeliness of collisions (2 identical checksums happening even if the content has been modified).

It is acceptable for our system to have collision not more than 1/1,000,000. The concern is not security, but simply update/error detection, so rare collisions are ok. (Which is why I put it last in the things to minimize).

Also, we cannot modify the blobs of text ourselves.

Of course, `md5`, `crc` or `sha1` come to mind, and if I wanted a quick solution, I&#39;d go for it. However, more than a quick solution, I&#39;m looking for what could be *a comparison of different methods as well as the pros and cons*. 

What checksum algorithm should I use?

I am trying to use the OAuth of a website, which requires the signature method to be &#39;HMAC-SHA1&#39; only.


I am wondering how to implement this in Python?


Implementation HMAC-SHA1 in python

Context: I downloaded [a file (Audirvana 0.7.1.zip)](http://code.google.com/p/audirvana/downloads/detail?name=Audirvana%200.7.1.zip&amp;can=2&amp;q=) from code.google to my Macbook Pro (Mac OS X 10.6.6).

I wanted to verify the checksum, which for that particular file is posted as 862456662a11e2f386ff0b24fdabcb4f6c1c446a (SHA-1).  &lt;code&gt;git hash-object&lt;/code&gt; gave me a different hash, but &lt;code&gt;openssl sha1&lt;/code&gt; returned the expected 862456662a11e2f386ff0b24fdabcb4f6c1c446a.

The following experiment seems to rule out any possible download corruption or newline differences and to indicate that there are actually two different algorithms at play:


    $ echo A &gt; foo.txt
    $ cat foo.txt
    A
    $ git hash-object foo.txt 
    f70f10e4db19068f79bc43844b49f3eece45c4e8
    $ openssl sha1 foo.txt 
    SHA1(foo.txt)= 7d157d7c000ae27db146575c08ce30df893d3a64

What&#39;s going on?

Why does git hash-object return a different hash than openssl sha1?

I would like to check for author&#39;s e-mail and name, surname to verify who&#39;s pushing to my repo.

Is there any way that I can come up with a command in git to show commiter&#39;s name/e-mail given only SHA1 of the commit?

This is what I came up with but it&#39;s far from ideal solution (the first solution is for git hook that&#39;s why it&#39;s using 2 SHA1s with `rev-list`. The second one simply uses `git show`):

    git rev-list -n 1 --pretty=short  ccd3970..6ddf170 | grep Author | cut -d &#39; &#39; -f2- | rev | cut -d &#39; &#39; -f2- | rev
    git show 6ddf170 | grep Author | cut -d &#39; &#39; -f2- | rev | cut -d &#39; &#39; -f2- | rev 

How to get (only) author name or email in git given SHA1?

When I try to get the MD5 fingerprint using `keytool`, I get a SHA1 fingerprint instead and the Google Maps doesn&#39;t recognize it. How do I get the MD5 fingerprint?

Google Maps API for Android, getting SHA1 cert instead of MD5

I&#39;m looking for a way of getting an SHA-1 checksum with a Java byte array as the message.

Should I use a third party tool or is there something built in to the JVM that can help?




Compute SHA-1 of byte array

I&#39;ve added a file to the &#39;index&#39; with: 

    git add myfile.java

How do I find out the SHA1 of this file?




Git - finding the SHA1 of an individual file in the index

I&#39;m looking at implementing an app getting [Twitter authorization via Oauth][1] in Java. The first step is [getting a request token][2]. Here is a [Python example][3] for app engine. 

To test my code, I am running Python and checking output with Java. Here is an example of Python generating a Hash-Based Message Authentication Code (HMAC):

    #!/usr/bin/python

    from hashlib import sha1
    from hmac import new as hmac

    key = &quot;qnscAdgRlkIhAUPY44oiexBKtQbGY0orf7OV1I50&quot;
    message = &quot;foo&quot;

    print &quot;%s&quot; % hmac(key, message, sha1).digest().encode(&#39;base64&#39;)[:-1]

Output:

    $ ./foo.py
    +3h2gpjf4xcynjCGU5lbdMBwGOc=

How does one replicate this example in Java?

I&#39;ve seen an [example of HMAC][4] in Java:

    try {
        // Generate a key for the HMAC-MD5 keyed-hashing algorithm; see RFC 2104
        // In practice, you would save this key.
        KeyGenerator keyGen = KeyGenerator.getInstance(&quot;HmacMD5&quot;);
        SecretKey key = keyGen.generateKey();
    
        // Create a MAC object using HMAC-MD5 and initialize with key
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(key.getAlgorithm());
        mac.init(key);
    
        String str = &quot;This message will be digested&quot;;
    
        // Encode the string into bytes using utf-8 and digest it
        byte[] utf8 = str.getBytes(&quot;UTF8&quot;);
        byte[] digest = mac.doFinal(utf8);
    
        // If desired, convert the digest into a string
        String digestB64 = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder().encode(digest);
    } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
    } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    }

It uses [javax.crypto.Mac][5], all good. However, the [SecretKey][6] constructors take bytes and an algorithm. 

What&#39;s the algorithm in the Python example? How can one create a Java secret key without an algorithm?

  [1]: http://apiwiki.twitter.com/Authentication
  [2]: http://apiwiki.twitter.com/Twitter-REST-API-Method%3A-oauth-request_token
  [3]: http://github.com/tav/tweetapp/blob/master/standalone/twitter_oauth_handler.py
  [4]: http://exampledepot.8waytrips.com/egs/javax.crypto/GenMac.html
  [5]: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17409_01/javase/6/docs/api/javax/crypto/Mac.html
  [6]: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17409_01/javase/6/docs/api/javax/crypto/SecretKey.html

How to generate an HMAC in Java equivalent to a Python example?

How do I get my SHA1 Keys for debug and release using android studio on a mac?
(These are required for Google API Keys)

SHA1 Key for DEBUG &amp; RELEASE ANDROID STUDIO MAC , How to generate SHA1 Release Keys in Mac?

Given two different messages, A and B (maybe 20-80 characters of text, if size matters at all), what is the probability that the MD5 digest of A is the same as the MD5 digest of B *and* the SHA1 digest of A is the same as the SHA1 digest of B?  That is:

    (MD5(A) == MD5(B)) &amp;&amp; (SHA1(A) == SHA1(B))

Assume no malicious intent, i.e., that the messages are not selected with an aim of finding a clash.  I just want to know the odds of this happening naturally.

I&#39;m thinking the chances are &quot;astronomically low,&quot; but I&#39;m not sure how to verify this.

More information: the size of the pool of possible messages is restricted, but large (several hundred million).  Birthday paradox situations are exactly what I&#39;m worried about.


What are the chances that two messages have the same MD5 digest and the same SHA1 digest?

I have tried to find the answer to this but I couldn&#39;t find an answer...

How do I check if my SSL Certificate is using SHA1 or SHA2?

Reason I ask is because it might have to do with the certificate not loading on Mozilla Browers....

Any ideas? Can I check through cPanel?

All Sha1 Solutions on Gang of Coders

Total of 40 Sha1 Solutions