You need a backslash on the `$` so it isn&#39;t expanded immediately.  (Compare to the `` `...` ``, which is a different way of writing `$(...)`.)

    export PS1=&quot;${RESET}${YELLOW}\u@\h${NORMAL} \`${SELECT}\` ${YELLOW}\w \$(__git_ps1) &gt;${NORMAL} &quot;

I would agree with @MikeSep about using single quotes, but it&#39;s actually a bit more optimal to let the colors and such be substituted immediately.  Not necessary, just somewhat better.  That said, it *is* easier to understand what&#39;s going on if you use the single quotes.

Your `PS1` string is probably getting evaluated before it is getting saved, but you really want the `__git_ps1` command to run each time you get a command prompt. I&#39;d recommend using single quotes instead of double quotes for your `export PS1=&#39;${RESET}...&#39;` line.

Hello all i want to make my DrawingSurface view transparent. i tried many thing but it&#39;s not working.

Here is my xml code to make my surface view transparent

   

    &lt;RelativeLayout xmlns:android=&quot;http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android&quot;
        android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
        android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
        android:orientation=&quot;vertical&quot; &gt;
    
        &lt;FrameLayout
            android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot; &gt;
    
            &lt;ImageView
                android:id=&quot;@+id/imageView1&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:src=&quot;@drawable/icon&quot; &gt;
            &lt;/ImageView&gt;
    
            &lt;LinearLayout
                android:id=&quot;@+id/linearLayout1&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:background=&quot;#00000000&quot; &gt;
    
                &lt;codewalla.android.drawings.DrawingSurface
                    android:id=&quot;@+id/drawingSurface&quot;
                    android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                    android:layout_height=&quot;fill_parent&quot; &gt;
                &lt;/codewalla.android.drawings.DrawingSurface&gt;
            &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;
        &lt;/FrameLayout&gt;
    
        &lt;LinearLayout
            android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
            android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
            android:orientation=&quot;horizontal&quot; &gt;
    
            &lt;Button
                android:id=&quot;@+id/colorRedBtn&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
                android:layout_weight=&quot;10&quot;
                android:onClick=&quot;onClick&quot;
                android:text=&quot;R&quot; /&gt;
    
            &lt;Button
                android:id=&quot;@+id/colorBlueBtn&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
                android:layout_weight=&quot;10&quot;
                android:onClick=&quot;onClick&quot;
                android:text=&quot;G&quot; /&gt;
    
            &lt;Button
                android:id=&quot;@+id/colorGreenBtn&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
                android:layout_weight=&quot;10&quot;
                android:onClick=&quot;onClick&quot;
                android:text=&quot;B&quot; /&gt;
    
            &lt;Button
                android:id=&quot;@+id/undoBtn&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;fill_parent&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
                android:layout_weight=&quot;10&quot;
                android:onClick=&quot;onClick&quot;
                android:text=&quot;U&quot; /&gt;
    
            &lt;Button
                android:id=&quot;@+id/redoBtn&quot;
                android:layout_width=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
                android:layout_height=&quot;wrap_content&quot;
                android:layout_weight=&quot;10&quot;
                android:onClick=&quot;onClick&quot;
                android:text=&quot;R&quot; /&gt;
        &lt;/LinearLayout&gt;
    
    &lt;/RelativeLayout&gt;

how to make surfaceview transparent

Xcode finally added tabs but the problem is that they behave very strange. For example they will keep a tab open only if it was opened to a new tab.

If you open a file just by clicking in the project tree, Xcode will close your tab as soon as you are clicking on another file in the tree.

Is is possible to make them behave like real tabs and prevent Xcode from reusing them? How?


How can I make the tabs work normally on Xcode 4?

I&#39;m new to git and I&#39;m trying to add the current git branch to my already existing prompt, which is defined as follows :

    RESET=&quot;\[\017\]&quot;
    NORMAL=&quot;\[\033[0m\]&quot;
    RED=&quot;\[\033[31;1m\]&quot;
    YELLOW=&quot;\[\033[33;1m\]&quot;
    WHITE=&quot;\[\033[37;1m\]&quot;
    SMILEY=&quot;${WHITE}:)${NORMAL}&quot;
    FROWNY=&quot;${RED}:(${NORMAL}&quot;
    SELECT=&quot;if [ \$? = 0 ]; then echo \&quot;${SMILEY}\&quot;; else echo \&quot;${FROWNY}\&quot;; fi&quot;
    
    export PS1=&quot;${RESET}${YELLOW}\u@\h${NORMAL} \`${SELECT}\` ${YELLOW}\w $(__git_ps1) &gt;${NORMAL} &quot;

I tried it (by sourcing my `.bashrc` file again) and it seemed to work, but then I went on another branch and it did not update. How can I make sure the `$(__git_ps1)` is not cached?

Why doesn&#39;t my bash prompt update?

I'm new to git and I'm trying to add the current git branch to my already existing prompt, which is defined as follows :
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">RESET="\[\017\]"
NORMAL="\[\033[0m\]"
RED="\[\033[31;1m\]"
YELLOW="\[\033[33;1m\]"
WHITE="\[\033[37;1m\]"
SMILEY="${WHITE}:)${NORMAL}"
FROWNY="${RED}:(${NORMAL}"
SELECT="if [ \$? = 0 ]; then echo \"${SMILEY}\"; else echo \"${FROWNY}\"; fi"

export PS1="${RESET}${YELLOW}\u@\h${NORMAL} \`${SELECT}\` ${YELLOW}\w $(__git_ps1) >${NORMAL} "
</code></pre>
I tried it (by sourcing my <code>.bashrc</code> file again) and it seemed to work, but then I went on another branch and it did not update. How can I make sure the <code>$(__git_ps1)</code> is not cached?

I&#39;m not really familiar with how git works. I pushed a commit by mistake and want to revert it. I did a 

    git reset --hard HEAD~1
*Beware Fellow Googlers:* **This does not only revert the commit, but discards all file changes!**

and now the project is reverted on my machine, but not on github. If I try to push this code, I get the error &#39;Your branch is behind &#39;origin/master&#39; by 1 commit, and can be fast-forwarded.&#39; How do I remove this commit from github?

How do I reverse a commit in git?

In the git community book, it says

&gt; Another interesting thing you can do is visualize the commit graph with the &#39;--graph&#39; option, like so:
&gt;
    $ git log --pretty=format:&#39;%h : %s&#39; --graph
    * 2d3acf9 : ignore errors from SIGCHLD on trap
    *   5e3ee11 : Merge branch &#39;master&#39; of git://github.com/dustin/grit
    |\
    | * 420eac9 : Added a method for getting the current branch.
    * | 30e367c : timeout code and tests
    * | 5a09431 : add timeout protection to grit
    * | e1193f8 : support for heads with slashes in them
    |/
    * d6016bc : require time for xmlschema

&gt; It will give a pretty nice ASCII representation of the commit history lines.

How should I read this graph? How does `420eac9` differ from the rest?

How to read git log graph

I am trying to figure out how to use git in my project workflow, and I have an existing Xcode project that I want to put into the repository. I think I have the repository set up correctly under organizer, but the Source Control menu is grayed out.  
Apparently, it&#39;s easy to do if you start a new project, but how do I import an existing project with snapshots and everything?

I&#39;m using Xcode 4 and git 1.7.4

Also, if there are any good walkthroughs on git configuration and best practices, that would be nice. I&#39;m a little late to the game, so anything that can get me up to speed would be cool.

Using Git with an existing Xcode project

How can a pull request on github be cancelled?  

How to cancel a pull request on github?

I tried to put a series of GIT commands that I always use continuously togeter as batch files so that I don&#39;t repeat myself too much. For example, I have this batch file called `update_repo_branch.bat` to update a local repo and synch a branch with the remote branch:  

&gt; @echo off  
if(%1) == () goto end  
if(%2) == () goto end  
cd %1  
git checkout %2  
git fetch origin  
git merge oring/%2  
:end

Good to be lazy, but what I found is that **when a GIT command is finished, it seems to send an exit flag back to terminate whatever is running**. Therefore, using a batch file to exectute them all in one go simply doesn&#39;t work. Any idea how to work around it?

How do I execute several git commands in a batch file without terminating after the first command?

I need to transfer a log file to a remote host using [sftp][1] from a Linux host. I have been provided credentials for the same from my operations group. However, since I don&#39;t have control over other host, I cannot generate and share RSA keys with the other host. 

So is there a way to run the `sftp` command (with the username/password provided) from inside the Bash script through a [cron][2] job?

I found a similar Stack Overflow question, *[Specify password to sftp in a Bash script][3]*, but there was no satisfactory answer to my problem.

  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secure_file_transfer_program
  [2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cron
  [3]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5268865


How to run the sftp command with a password from Bash script?

When written like this, it outputs text in blue:

    printf &quot;\e[1;34mThis is a blue text.\e[0m&quot;
But I want to have format defined in printf:

    printf &#39;%-6s&#39; &quot;This is text&quot;
Now I have tried several options how to add color, with no success:

    printf &#39;%-6s&#39; &quot;\e[1;34mThis is text\e[0m&quot;

I even tried to add attribute code to format with no success.
This does not work and I can&#39;t find anywhere an example, where colors are added to printf, which has defined format as in my case.

Using colors with printf

I want to write a bash function that check if a file has certain properties and returns true or false. Then I can use it in my scripts in the &quot;if&quot;. But what should I return?

    function myfun(){ ... return 0; else return 1; fi;}

then I use it like this:

    if myfun filename.txt; then ...

of course this doesn&#39;t work. How can this be accomplished?

Returning a boolean from a Bash function

Can anyone help explain what&#39;s going on with `tmux`, `bash`, and `exec`? I&#39;m trying to set up a tmux session with a 4-pane window. Ideally, I want to run a command in 3 of the panes: e.g. a Ruby Thin server and a couple of Ruby daemons. This is what I have so far:

`~/.bin/tmux-foo`:

    #!/bin/sh
    
    tmux new-session -d -s foo &#39;exec pfoo &quot;bundle exec thin start&quot;&#39;
    tmux rename-window &#39;Foo&#39;
    tmux select-window -t foo:0
    tmux split-window -h &#39;exec pfoo &quot;bundle exec compass watch&quot;&#39;
    tmux split-window -v -t 0 &#39;exec pfoo &quot;rake ts:start&quot;&#39;
    tmux split-window -v -t 1 &#39;exec pfoo&#39;
    tmux -2 attach-session -t foo

`~/.bin/pfoo`:

    #!/bin/bash
    cd ~/projects/foo
    rvm use ree
    
    # here I want to execute command1 2 3 or 4...
    
    exec $SHELL

It all works... but when I `ctlr-c` in the first pane that is running the thin server, it stops the thin server and returns to the shell. However, the command is not in the history; i.e. if I hit the up key I don&#39;t get the `bundle exec thin start` command... I get some other command from my bash history. I&#39;m wondering if there&#39;s any way to arrange these scripts so that I get the commands in the bash history.

Also... I&#39;ve tried many combinations of `exec`, `exec $SHELL -s ...`, and `exec $SHELL -s ... -I` and I&#39;m not quite sure what is going on...

Can anyone help explain the general idea of what is going on with `tmux` and `bash` and `exec` here?

Bash scripts with tmux to launch a 4-paned window

I am trying to get a cronjob to pipe output into a dated file in a specified (folder) location.

My crontab entry looks something like this:

    * * * * * /some/path/test.sh &gt;&gt; $(date &quot;+/home/oompah/logs/%Y%m%d.test.log&quot;)

What I don&#39;t understand is that when I type this command at the console, I get the correct string:


    echo $(date &quot;+/home/oompah/logs/%Y%m%d.test.log&quot;)
    /home/oompah/logs/20110329.test.log

What&#39;s causing this error and how may I fix it?


bash version info is:


GNU bash, version 4.1.5(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)




/bin/sh: Syntax error: Unterminated quoted string

I am using Ubuntu and I am tired of this long prompts in bash when I am working with some deep directory hierarchy. So, I would like to tweak my PS1 to shorten the working directory part the following way:

Currently I have:

    pajton@dragon:~/workspace/projects/project1/folder1/test$

and would like to have:

    pajton@dragon:~/workspace/.../folder1/test$

The truncating would occur if len($PWD) passes given threshold. I want to always keep the first path component and at least one last path component. Then as space permits, add more components taking from the right.

This is what I have currently. It works, but: 1) doesn&#39;t keep first path component, 2) doesn&#39;t respect cutting path at boundaries:

    pwd_length=14
    pwd_symbol=&quot;...&quot;
    newPWD=&quot;${PWD/#$HOME/~}&quot;
    
    if [ $(echo -n $newPWD | wc -c | tr -d &quot; &quot;) -gt $pwd_length ]
    then
       newPWD=&quot;...$(echo -n $PWD | sed -e &quot;s/.*$.\{$pwd_length\}$/\1/&quot;)&quot;
    else
       newPWD=&quot;$(echo -n $PWD)&quot;
    fi

And the result:

    pajton@dragon:...sth/folder1/sample$ 


Thanks in advance!

How can I shortern my command line prompt&#39;s current directory?

I&#39;m trying to change my command promt in terminal. I keep getting the error:

`-bash: __git_ps1: command not found`

I&#39;ve tried it just by typing it into the terminal as is: `__git_ps1`. I&#39;ve also tried it out in the `.bash_profile`

    if [ -f ~/.git-completion.bash ]; then
      source ~/.git-completion.bash
      export PS1=&#39;[\W]$(__git_ps1 &quot;(%s)&quot;): &#39;
    fi

As you might be able to see/tell, yes, I do have the auto-completion installed and it does work great!

I came across this question: &quot; https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10435117/ps1-env-variable-does-not-work-on-mac &quot; which gives the code

`alias __git_ps1=&quot;git branch 2&gt;/dev/null | grep &#39;*&#39; | sed &#39;s/* $.*$/(\1)/&#39;&quot;`

So I add it to my `.bash_profile` hoping that it will change something. Well, it did. It just changed the error output.

Here&#39;s the `.bash_profile` with the addition:

    alias __git_ps1=&quot;git branch 2&gt;/dev/null | grep &#39;*&#39; | sed &#39;s/* $.*$/(\1)/&#39;&quot;

    if [ -f ~/.git-completion.bash ]; then
      source ~/.git-completion.bash
      export PS1=&#39;[\W]$(__git_ps1 &quot;(%s)&quot;): &#39;
    fi

And now here&#39;s the changed error output:

`sed: (%s): No such file or directory`

***Note:*** I&#39;ve also moved the alias below the source with no difference. I have *git version 1.7.12.1*

This should be a simple change. Can someone please help me?

**Edit 10/13/12**

No, I definitely do not want to define __git_ps1 myself but was just trying to see if it would be recognized by doing so. Yes, I have the `.git-completion.bash` file installed. Here&#39;s how I got auto completion on my machine.

    cd ~
    curl -OL https://github.com/git/git/raw/master/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
    mv ~/git.completion.bash ~/.git-completion.bash
    
A `ls -la` then lists the `.git-completion.bash` file.


**Edit 10/13/12 - Solved by *Mark Longair* (below)**

The following code worked for me in the `.bash_profile` while others did not...

    if [ -f ~/.git-prompt.sh ]; then
      source ~/.git-prompt.sh
      export PS1=&#39;Geoff[\W]$(__git_ps1 &quot;(%s)&quot;): &#39;
    fi

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	greg0ire	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Git	geekosaur	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Git	Mike Seplowitz	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Why doesn't my bash prompt update?

Git Problem Overview

Git Solutions

Solution 1 - Git

Solution 2 - Git

How can I make the tabs work normally on Xcode 4?

how to make surfaceview transparent

Attributions