Why does Python installed via Homebrew not include Tkinter
PythonPython 3.xMacosTkinterPython Problem Overview
I've installed Python via Homebrew on my Mac.
brew install python
After that I checked my Python version as 2.7.11, then I tried to perform
import Tkinter
I got following error message:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.11/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/lib-tk/Tkinter.py", line 39, in <module>
import _tkinter # If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk
ImportError: No module named _tkinter
Python Solutions
Solution 1 - Python
I am running MacOS Big Sur (11.2.3).
With python2, I have Tkinter built-in.
With python3, it has to be installed manually and it's very simple, just run:
$ brew install python-tk
To run python2 in a terminal, execute python file.py.
To run python3 in a terminal, execute python3 file.py.
Solution 2 - Python
Based on the comments from above and the fact that Python must be linked to Tcl/Tk framework:
If you don't have Xcode command line tools, install those:
xcode-select --install
If you don't have Tcl/Tk brew installation (check brew list), install that:
brew install tcl-tk
Then, run "brew uninstall python" if that was not installed with option --with-tcl-tk (the current official option). Then install Python again, linking it to the brew installed Tcl/Tk:
brew install python --with-tcl-tk
Solution 3 - Python
UPDATE: Other answers have found workarounds, so this answer is now outdated.
12/18 Update: No longer possible for various reasons.
Below is now outdated. You'll have to install Python directly from python.org if you want to remove those warnings.
2018 Update
brew reinstall python --with-tcl-tk
Note: Homebrew now uses Python 3 by default - Homebrew Blog. Docs.
Testing
python should bring up system’s Python 2, python3 should bring up Python 3.
idle points to system Python/tcl-tk. It will show an out-dated tcl-tk error (unless you brew install python@2 --with-tcl-tk)
idle3 should bring up Python 3 with no warnings.
Caveat
--with-tcl-tk will install python directly from python.org, which you'll see when you run brew info python.
More info here.
Solution 4 - Python
If you're using pyenv you can try installing tcl-tk via homebrew and then activating the env. vars. mentioned in its caveats section, as detailed in this answer. Activating those env. vars. prior to installing python via homebrew may work for you:
※ export PATH="/usr/local/opt/tcl-tk/bin:$PATH"
※ export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/tcl-tk/lib"
※ export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/tcl-tk/include"
※ export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/tcl-tk/lib/pkgconfig"
※ export PYTHON_CONFIGURE_OPTS="--with-tcltk-includes='-I$(brew --prefix tcl-tk)/include' \
--with-tcltk-libs='-L$(brew --prefix tcl-tk)/lib -ltcl8.6 -ltk8.6'"
※ brew reinstall python
Solution 5 - Python
With brew and python3 you have to install Tinker separately.
brew message while installing python: > tkinter is no longer included with this formula, but it is available separately:
brew install python-tk@3.9
Solution 6 - Python
On mac OSX you must install TCL separately:
You will find instructions and dowloadables here: https://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/ and there: http://wiki.tcl.tk/1013
It requires a little bit of effort, but it is neither complicated nor difficult.
Solution 7 - Python
It may be because you don't have the latest Xcode command line tools so brew built python from source instead of from bottle. Try:
xcode-select --install
brew uninstall python
brew install python --use-brewed-tk
Solution 8 - Python
It is a bit more complicated now, true you still need to have xcode command line tools and homebrew as a start. But the procedure changes constantly. Homebrew took out tcl-tk support long ago, and apple still only supplies v8.5 of tcl-tk. Anyway, it is possible, and I maintain a github gist personally to fix these issues.
Latest update is using python 3.8.1 (will probably be usable on the 3.8.x branch later too) see here, just follow the steps outlined. github gist link to install tcl-tk with python
Solution 9 - Python
On MacOS 11.13.1 using
brew install python
brew install python-tk
I can now select TkAgg in matplotlib, but when I use it in ipython I get an error message
%pylab
matplotlib.use('tkagg')
plot([0,1])
results in
2021-05-07 21:51:02.954 Python[10773:71016] -[NSApplication macOSVersion]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x11779f8c0
2021-05-07 21:51:02.956 Python[10773:71016] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[NSApplication macOSVersion]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x11779f8c0'
*** First throw call stack:
(
0 CoreFoundation 0x00000001a0d97db8 __exceptionPreprocess + 240
1 libobjc.A.dylib 0x00000001a0ac10a8 objc_exception_throw + 60
2 CoreFoundation 0x00000001a0e28ba0 -[NSObject(NSObject) __retain_OA] + 0
3 CoreFoundation 0x00000001a0cf91e4 ___forwarding___ + 1444
4 CoreFoundation 0x00000001a0cf8b80 _CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 96
5 libtk8.6.dylib 0x000000012754a844 GetRGBA + 308
6 libtk8.6.dylib 0x000000012754a208 SetCGColorComponents + 132
7 libtk8.6.dylib 0x000000012754a65c TkpGetColor + 572
8 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274ac714 Tk_GetColor + 220
9 libtk8.6.dylib 0x000000012749fea0 Tk_Get3DBorder + 204
10 libtk8.6.dylib 0x000000012749fcac Tk_Alloc3DBorderFromObj + 144
11 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274adadc DoObjConfig + 840
12 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274ad690 Tk_InitOptions + 348
13 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274ad58c Tk_InitOptions + 88
14 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274d4cb4 CreateFrame + 1448
15 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274d4fac TkListCreateFrame + 156
16 libtk8.6.dylib 0x00000001274cde80 Initialize + 1848
17 _tkinter.cpython-39-darwin.so 0x000000012059a31c Tcl_AppInit + 80
18 _tkinter.cpython-39-darwin.so 0x000000012059487c Tkapp_New + 592
19 _tkinter.cpython-39-darwin.so 0x000000012059410c _tkinter_create + 580
20 Python 0x00000001007150c4 cfunction_vectorcall_FASTCALL + 88
21 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
22 Python 0x00000001007b8640 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39844
23 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
24 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
25 Python 0x00000001006c58ac _PyObject_FastCallDictTstate + 208
26 Python 0x0000000100739bf4 slot_tp_init + 188
27 Python 0x000000010073f850 type_call + 300
28 Python 0x00000001006c5590 _PyObject_MakeTpCall + 132
29 Python 0x00000001007bacd8 call_function + 268
30 Python 0x00000001007b86e8 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 40012
31 Python 0x00000001006c61fc _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 180
32 Python 0x00000001006c8c98 method_vectorcall + 124
33 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
34 Python 0x00000001007b8640 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39844
35 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
36 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
37 Python 0x00000001006c8c98 method_vectorcall + 124
38 Python 0x00000001006c5e40 PyVectorcall_Call + 184
39 Python 0x00000001007b880c _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 40304
40 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
41 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
42 Python 0x00000001006c5e40 PyVectorcall_Call + 184
43 Python 0x00000001007b880c _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 40304
44 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
45 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
46 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
47 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
48 Python 0x00000001006c61fc _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 180
49 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
50 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
51 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
52 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
53 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
54 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
55 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
56 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
57 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
58 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
59 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
60 Python 0x00000001007a86a0 builtin_exec + 356
61 Python 0x00000001007150c4 cfunction_vectorcall_FASTCALL + 88
62 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
63 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
64 Python 0x00000001006da678 gen_send_ex + 192
65 Python 0x00000001007b35b4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 19224
66 Python 0x00000001006da678 gen_send_ex + 192
67 Python 0x00000001007b35b4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 19224
68 Python 0x00000001006da678 gen_send_ex + 192
69 Python 0x00000001006d1cb0 method_vectorcall_O + 108
70 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
71 Python 0x00000001007b85c4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39720
72 Python 0x00000001006c61fc _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 180
73 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
74 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
75 Python 0x00000001006c61fc _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 180
76 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
77 Python 0x00000001007b85c4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39720
78 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
79 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
80 Python 0x00000001006c8c98 method_vectorcall + 124
81 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
82 Python 0x00000001007b86e8 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 40012
83 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
84 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
85 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
86 Python 0x00000001007b85c4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39720
87 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
88 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
89 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
90 Python 0x00000001007b85c4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39720
91 Python 0x00000001006c61fc _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 180
92 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
93 Python 0x00000001007b85c4 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39720
94 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
95 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
96 Python 0x00000001006c8c98 method_vectorcall + 124
97 Python 0x00000001006c5e40 PyVectorcall_Call + 184
98 Python 0x00000001007b880c _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 40304
99 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
100 Python 0x00000001006c62b4 _PyFunction_Vectorcall + 364
101 Python 0x00000001007bac4c call_function + 128
102 Python 0x00000001007b8664 _PyEval_EvalFrameDefault + 39880
103 Python 0x00000001007ada9c _PyEval_EvalCode + 444
104 Python 0x0000000100805498 run_eval_code_obj + 136
105 Python 0x00000001008053ac run_mod + 112
106 Python 0x0000000100802be8 pyrun_file + 168
107 Python 0x000000010080250c pyrun_simple_file + 276
108 Python 0x00000001008023b8 PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags + 80
109 Python 0x0000000100822560 pymain_run_file + 320
110 Python 0x0000000100821b2c pymain_run_python + 412
111 Python 0x000000010082194c Py_RunMain + 24
112 Python 0x0000000100822f50 pymain_main + 36
113 Python 0x00000001008231c8 Py_BytesMain + 40
114 libdyld.dylib 0x00000001a0c38420 start + 4
)
libc++abi: terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException
Abort trap: 6