Why does Nginx return a 403 even though all permissions are set properly?
NginxInstallationHttp Status-Code-403Nginx Problem Overview
I have Nginx setup and displaying the test page properly. If I try to change the root path, I get a 403 Forbidden error, even though all permissions are identical. Additionally, the nginx user exists.
nginx.conf:
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
index index.html index.htm;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
root /var/www/html; #changed from the default /usr/share/nginx/html
}
}
namei -om /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
f: /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
dr-xr-xr-x root root /
drwxr-xr-x root root usr
drwxr-xr-x root root share
drwxr-xr-x root root nginx
drwxr-xr-x root root html
-rw-r--r-- root root index.html
namei -om /var/www/html/index.html
f: /var/www/html/index.html
dr-xr-xr-x root root /
drwxr-xr-x root root var
drwxr-xr-x root root www
drwxr-xr-x root root html
-rw-r--r-- root root index.html
error log
> 2014/03/23 12:45:08 [error] 5490#0: *13 open() > "/var/www/html/index.html" failed (13: Permission denied), client: > XXX.XX.XXX.XXX, server: localhost, request: "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1", host: "ec2-XXX-XX-XXX-XXX.compute-1.amazonaws.com"
Nginx Solutions
Solution 1 - Nginx
I experienced the same problem and it was due to SELinux.
To check if SELinux is running:
# getenforce
To disable SELinux until next reboot:
# setenforce Permissive
Restart Nginx and see if the problem persists. If you would like to permanently alter the settings you can edit /etc/sysconfig/selinux
If SELinux is your problem you can run the following to allow nginx to serve your www directory (make sure you turn SELinux back on before testing this. i.e, # setenforce Enforcing
)
# chcon -Rt httpd_sys_content_t /path/to/www
If you're still having issues take a look at the boolean flags in getsebool -a
, in particular you may need to turn on httpd_can_network_connect
for network access
# setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on
For me it was enough to allow http to serve my www directory.
Solution 2 - Nginx
First of all you have to run following command to allow nginx to access filesystem
sudo setsebool -P httpd_read_user_content 1
You can check if the files or directory with following command:
ls -Z
If it is still not accessible, you can try changing the SELinux property of the files and folder with following command:
chcon -Rt httpd_sys_content_t /path/to/www
However, above command cannot apply to files under FUSE or NFS system.
To enable serving files from FUSE mounts, you can use:
setsebool httpd_use_fusefs 1
To enable serving files from NFS mounts, you can use:
setsebool httpd_use_nfs 1
Solution 3 - Nginx
I ran into the same problem. If you're using Fedora/RedHat/CentOS, this might help you:
- According to SELinux:
setsebool -P httpd_read_user_content 1
Hope this helps.
Solution 4 - Nginx
There are 2 possible reasons for denied access:
-
Access is denied by DAC. Double check user, group and file permissions. Make sure the nginx process, when running as the user specified in its config file, can access the new html root path.
-
Access is denied by MAC. The most widely used of such is SELinux. To check whether it caused the problem, you can stop the nginx process and run this command:
setenforce Permissive
Then start nginx again to see if access is granted.
Alternatively, you can check the file context:
setenforce Enforcing ls -Zd /usr/share/nginx/html /var/www/html
If the two contexts differ, you may need to change the context for the new html root path:
chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /var/www/html
Restart nginx and see if it works fine. If so, you can make the change permanent:
semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_content_t '/var/www/html(/.*)?' restorecon -Rv /var/www/html
Some of these commands need to be run as root.
Solution 5 - Nginx
This is an addition to Prowlas answer but I dont have enough reputation to commment: If the /path/to/www is a home directory of a user. You should try:
setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs=1
This solved my problem
Source: http://forums.fedoraforum.org/archive/index.php/t-250779.html
Solution 6 - Nginx
well seems logical, all files are root user, try changing it to nginx user, just wanted to make sure it's not a listing permission denied first.
sudo chown -R nginx:nginx /var/www/html
Solution 7 - Nginx
I have met this problem when I added a new user with a folder /home/new_user
as a new virtual host. Make sure these folders (/home
, /home/new_user
, /home/new_user/xxx
...) are 755
so that it resolved my problem. At last, I found my problem were correctly according to the /var/log/nginx/error.log
file.
Solution 8 - Nginx
Remember you need to allow other users to read the entire path. Also remember Dropbox will set 700 to its root directory. So chmod 755 ~/Dropbox
solved my problem.
Solution 9 - Nginx
I was using:
sudo service nginx start
If I use:
sudo nginx
...everything works fine. Can anyone explain the difference between these two?
Solution 10 - Nginx
I ran into the same problem:
- Checked nginx.conf to verify the user
- Permissions were set properly
- Made sure "x" right was set for the entire path
Did a restart from the command line (I'd been using Webmin all this time) and noticed this error:
aed@aed:/var/www/test.local$ sudo service nginx restart
* Restarting nginx nginx
nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "test.local" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored
nginx: [warn] conflicting server name "test.local" on 0.0.0.0:80, ignored
Apparently there was a duplicate definition and thus my attempt to access "test.local" failed.
Solution 11 - Nginx
Work fine for me on nginx
semanage permissive -a httpd_t
Solution 12 - Nginx
The folks using the /home/{user} directory to serve their website need to provide a chmod 755 access on their /home/{user} directory to make this work .
Also , if SELinux is enabled on the server please use the below mentioned commands :-
- sudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect on
- chcon -Rt httpd_sys_content_t /path/to/www
Solution 13 - Nginx
Another possible reason (NOT IN THIS CASE) is a symlink for index.html file pointing to another directory.
ls -lrt /usr/share/nginx/html/
rsync files to that particular directory will easily solve the problem.
or disable symlinks in nginx.conf
http {
disable_symlinks off;
}
Solution 14 - Nginx
Modify the file nginx.conf, change the user name to your account name, and restart nginx.it work !
Solution 15 - Nginx
this solved the same problem:
restart Nginx and try again. If it fails, check again the logs. This worked for me