The .NET Framework SDK, is a software development kit (SDK) from Microsoft.

It is required to develop applications for the .NET Framework and it contains:

- documentation
- header files
- libraries
- Samples and tools.

.NET Framework SDK is dedicated to developing applications for .NET Framework. When installing visual studio, **this is enough.** 

**Targeting pack is needed when You are targeting a particular .NET framework which is different from your currently installed .NET framework.**

In the case of the targeting pack, let&#39;s say you build your application using .NET 4.7 but the client has .NET 4.5. For this type of scenario you can target the client&#39;s version even though you are using a higher version.

[Here][1] you can see **how to target a particular .NET framework**.


  [1]: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb398202.aspx



Here is the difference, according to 

[docs.microsoft.com][1]


**A targeting pack:** 
*lets your app target a specific version of the .NET Framework when developing in Visual Studio and some other development environments.* 


**A developer pack:**
*includes a specific version of the .NET Framework and its accompanying SDK along with its corresponding targeting pack.*

In other words, for example: SDK 4.7.1 includes .NetFramework 4.7.1 and target pack 4.7.1. But if you want to target .Net Framework 4.6, you need to install the target pack 4.6 


  [1]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/install/guide-for-developers#to-install-the-net-framework-developer-pack-or-targeting-pack

Wondered the same!. It looks like targeting packs are mainly to install reference assemblies(assemblies with no implementation) for that particular .net version, to just let IDE/Build tools compile.

I couldn&#39;t find much information on what exactly SDK comprises of, but I think its just bunch of tools plus some other stuff(the download size is consistently ~30mb across all .net versions) 

some useful links - 

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29303219/was-the-developer-pack-originally-called-sdk

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43420178/can-i-use-visual-studio-2015-to-target-net-framework-4-7

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/assembly/reference-assemblies

On a side note: Developer pack = SDK + Targeting pack.

I am using Webpack with firebase and firebase-admin.

To install firebase I ran:

    npm install --save firebase

I am importing firebase using:

    import * as firebase from &#39;firebase/app&#39;
    import &#39;firebase/auth&#39;

I also tried:

    import * as firebase from &#39;firebase&#39;

And I tried:

    const firebase = require(&#39;firebase&#39;)

As suggested in [web get started guide][1].

However, when I try to use `firebase.auth()` I get an error:

&gt; console.js:32 TypeError: firebase.auth is not a function

When I use the debugger to inspect `firebase` I see that it in fact does not have an `auth` function:

    &gt; firebase
     {__esModule: true, initializeApp: ƒ, app: ƒ, Promise: ƒ,&#160;…}

How can I get `auth()` included as a function using webpack?


  [1]: https://firebase.google.com/docs/web/setup
  [2]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/mc4qd.png

firebase.auth is not a function

I am using Angular with Material

     &lt;button mat-icon-button&gt;&lt;mat-icon svgIcon=&quot;thumb-up&quot;&gt;&lt;/mat-icon&gt;Start Recording&lt;/button&gt;

I am trying to add an icon to button, but I can&#39;t figure out how to do it, and can&#39;t find documentation for this.

https://material.angular.io/components/button/api

looking the docs, there is this:

[![enter image description here][1]][1]

that button has the following html:

    &lt;a _ngcontent-c1=&quot;&quot; aria-label=&quot;Angular Material&quot; class=&quot;docs-button mat-button&quot; mat-button=&quot;&quot; routerlink=&quot;/&quot; tabindex=&quot;0&quot; aria-disabled=&quot;false&quot; href=&quot;/&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mat-button-wrapper&quot;&gt;
        &lt;img _ngcontent-c1=&quot;&quot; alt=&quot;angular&quot; class=&quot;docs-angular-logo&quot; src=&quot;../../../assets/img/homepage/angular-white-transparent.svg&quot;&gt;
        &lt;span _ngcontent-c1=&quot;&quot;&gt;Material&lt;/span&gt;
      &lt;/span&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;mat-button-ripple mat-ripple&quot; matripple=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;mat-button-focus-overlay&quot;&gt;
    &lt;/div&gt;
    &lt;/a&gt;

is that the right way to do it?

  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/Zl2KI.png

How to add icon to mat-icon-button

I&#39;m trying to install the .NET Framework 4.7.1 in Visual Studio and I&#39;m given the choice to install:

 - .NET Framework 4.7.1 SDK
 - .NET Framework 4.7.1 targeting pack

Do I need them both? What&#39;s the difference between each of them?

What&#39;s the difference between the .NET Framework SDK and the Targeting pack

<p>I'm trying to install the .NET Framework 4.7.1 in Visual Studio and I'm given the choice to install:</p>
<ul>
<li>.NET Framework 4.7.1 SDK</li>
<li>.NET Framework 4.7.1 targeting pack</li>
</ul>
<p>Do I need them both? What's the difference between each of them?</p>


Background: [Noda Time](https://nodatime.org) contains many
serializable structs. While I dislike binary serialization, we
received many requests to support it, back in the 1.x timeline.
We support it by implementing the `ISerializable` interface.

We&#39;ve received a recent [issue
report](https://github.com/nodatime/nodatime/issues/1060) of Noda
Time 2.x [failing within .NET
Fiddle](https://dotnetfiddle.net/vTCzMJ). The same code using Noda
Time 1.x works fine. The exception thrown is this:

&gt; Inheritance security rules violated while overriding member:
&#39;NodaTime.Duration.System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable.GetObjectData(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo,
System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext)&#39;. Security
accessibility of the overriding method must match the security
accessibility of the method being overriden.

I&#39;ve narrowed this down to the framework that&#39;s targeted: 1.x
targets .NET 3.5 (client profile); 2.x targets .NET 4.5. They have
big differences in terms of support PCL vs .NET Core and the
project file structure, but it looks like this is irrelevant.

I&#39;ve managed to reproduce this in a local project, but I haven&#39;t
found a solution to it.

Steps to reproduce in VS2017:

- Create a new solution
- Create a new classic Windows console application targeting .NET
4.5.1. I called it &quot;CodeRunner&quot;.
- In the project properties, go to Signing and sign the assembly with
  a new key. Untick the password requirement, and use any key file name.
- Paste the following code to replace `Program.cs`. This is an
  abbreviated version of the code in [this Microsoft
sample](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/framework/misc/how-to-run-partially-trusted-code-in-a-sandbox#example).
  I&#39;ve kept all the paths the same, so if you want to go back to the
  fuller code, you shouldn&#39;t need to change anything else.
  
Code:

    using System;
    using System.Security;
    using System.Security.Permissions;
    
    class Sandboxer : MarshalByRefObject  
    {  
        static void Main()  
        {  
            var adSetup = new AppDomainSetup();  
            adSetup.ApplicationBase = System.IO.Path.GetFullPath(@&quot;..\..\..\UntrustedCode\bin\Debug&quot;);  
            var permSet = new PermissionSet(PermissionState.None);  
            permSet.AddPermission(new SecurityPermission(SecurityPermissionFlag.Execution));  
            var fullTrustAssembly = typeof(Sandboxer).Assembly.Evidence.GetHostEvidence&lt;System.Security.Policy.StrongName&gt;();  
            var newDomain = AppDomain.CreateDomain(&quot;Sandbox&quot;, null, adSetup, permSet, fullTrustAssembly);  
            var handle = Activator.CreateInstanceFrom(  
                newDomain, typeof(Sandboxer).Assembly.ManifestModule.FullyQualifiedName,  
                typeof(Sandboxer).FullName  
                );  
            Sandboxer newDomainInstance = (Sandboxer) handle.Unwrap();  
            newDomainInstance.ExecuteUntrustedCode(&quot;UntrustedCode&quot;, &quot;UntrustedCode.UntrustedClass&quot;, &quot;IsFibonacci&quot;, new object[] { 45 });  
        }  
    
        public void ExecuteUntrustedCode(string assemblyName, string typeName, string entryPoint, Object[] parameters)  
        {  
            var target = System.Reflection.Assembly.Load(assemblyName).GetType(typeName).GetMethod(entryPoint);
            target.Invoke(null, parameters);
        }  
    }

- Create another project called &quot;UntrustedCode&quot;. This should be a
  Classic Desktop Class Library project.
- Sign the assembly; you can use a new key or the same one as for
  CodeRunner. (This is partially to mimic the Noda Time situation,
  and partly to keep Code Analysis happy.)
- Paste the following code in `Class1.cs` (overwriting what&#39;s there):

Code:

    using System;
    using System.Runtime.Serialization;
    using System.Security;
    using System.Security.Permissions;

    // [assembly: AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers]

    namespace UntrustedCode
    {
        public class UntrustedClass
        {
            // Method named oddly (given the content) in order to allow MSDN
            // sample to run unchanged.
            public static bool IsFibonacci(int number)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(new CustomStruct());
                return true;
            }
        }
    
        [Serializable]
        public struct CustomStruct : ISerializable
        {
            private CustomStruct(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) { }
    
            //[SecuritySafeCritical]
            //[SecurityCritical]
            //[SecurityPermission(SecurityAction.LinkDemand, Flags = SecurityPermissionFlag.SerializationFormatter)]
            void ISerializable.GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }
        }
    }

Running the CodeRunner project gives the following exception (reformatted for readability):

&gt; Unhandled Exception: System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException:  
&gt; Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.  
&gt; ---&amp;gt;  
&gt; System.TypeLoadException:  
&gt; Inheritance security rules violated while overriding member:  
&gt; &#39;UntrustedCode.CustomStruct.System.Runtime.Serialization.ISerializable.GetObjectData(...).  
&gt; Security accessibility of the overriding method must match the security  
&gt; accessibility of the method being overriden.

The commented-out attributes show things I&#39;ve tried:

- `SecurityPermission` is recommended by two different MS articles ([first](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/serialization/serialization-guidelines),
  [second](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/serialization/custom-serialization)), although
  interestingly they do different things around explicit/implicit interface implementation
- `SecurityCritical` is what Noda Time currently has, and is what [this question&#39;s answer](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3055792) suggests
- `SecuritySafeCritical` is somewhat suggested by Code Analysis rule messages
- Without *any* attributes, Code Analysis rules are happy - with either `SecurityPermission` or `SecurityCritical`
  present, the rules tell you to remove the attributes - unless you *do* have `AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers`. Following the suggestions in either case doesn&#39;t help.
- Noda Time has `AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers` applied to it; the example here doesn&#39;t work either with or without the attribute applied.

The code runs without an exception if I add `[assembly: SecurityRules(SecurityRuleSet.Level1)]` to the `UntrustedCode` assembly (and uncomment the `AllowPartiallyTrustedCallers` attribute),  but I believe that&#39;s a poor solution to the problem that could hamper other code.

I fully admit to being pretty lost when it comes to this sort of
security aspect of .NET. So what *can* I do to target .NET 4.5 and
yet allow my types to implement `ISerializable` and still be used in
environments such as .NET Fiddle?

(While I&#39;m targeting .NET 4.5, I believe it&#39;s the .NET 4.0 security policy changes that caused the issue, hence the tag.)

How can I implement ISerializable in .NET 4+ without violating inheritance security rules?

### Question

How should I inject (using the standard dependency injection) a `DbContext` instance into a `IHostedService`?

### What have I tried

I currently have my `IHostedService` class take a `MainContext` (deriving from `DbContext`) instance in the constructor.

When I run the application I get:

&gt; Cannot consume scoped service &#39;Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContextOptions&#39; from singleton &#39;Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHostedService&#39;.

So I tried to make the `DbContextOptions` transient by specifying:

    services.AddDbContext&lt;MainContext&gt;(options =&gt; 
                    options.UseSqlite(&quot;Data Source=development.db&quot;), ServiceLifetime.Transient);

in my `Startup` class.

But the error remains the same, even though, according to [this solved Github issue](https://github.com/aspnet/EntityFrameworkCore/issues/6863) the `DbContextOptions` passed should have the same lifetime specified in the `AddDbContext` call.

I can&#39;t make the database context a singleton otherwise concurrent calls to it would yield concurrency exceptions (due to the fact that the database context is not guaranteed to be thread safe).

How should I inject a DbContext instance into an IHostedService?

The VS solutions I often work with consist of a **single executable project** (console app, web app) and **many class library projects** that are all referenced by the executable.

When working with NuGet and installing packages, there&#39;s often an `app.config` file created for each project, usually containing nothing else than a list of binding redirects that consolidate versions of referenced assemblies. Sometimes there&#39;s some third-party library-specific content (like Entity Framework config section), but let&#39;s leave that aside for now.

When I build the solution and use the binaries of the main executable project, I see all the class library project assemblies in the build output together with the corresponding `*.config` files (the `app.config` file gets renamed to `AssemblyName.config` when built).

When launching the main executable, do the config files of the class library assemblies take any effect? Or is it just the `app.config` file of the executable that has an effect in this case? What if there are some binding redirects set up on some of the class library projects, and some different binding redirects set up on the main executable project &amp;mdash; How are these combined, which take priority?

I&#39;ve tried to research this online and from what I&#39;ve read, it looks to me like the `app.config` files for non-executable assemblies are useless (with regards to binding redirects). Can someone confirm this or elaborate a bit more on the topic?

If it is that way, is it actually undesirable to have these `app.config` files created by NuGet in class libraries if they contain just the binding redirects? It feels to me that NuGet shouldn&#39;t create those binding redirects for class library projects, as it will only increase the confusion about what settings are actually applied.

---

I found these existing Stack Overflow questions on the topic, but their **accepted answers are actually contradictory even when they&#39;re marked as duplicates of each other**.

- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22227675/why-nuget-adds-app-config-with-assemblybinding-to-library-projects-during-a-nuge

- https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21795507/is-the-bindingredirect-config-file-needed-or-all-assemblies-in-an-application

[The accepted answer to the first question](https://stackoverflow.com/a/22228738/108374) mentions that app.config files are actually used during compile-time, which means they could have effect. Sources like [MSDN](http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/7wd6ex19.aspx) and [MSBuild source code](https://github.com/Microsoft/msbuild/blob/5df95761c73cd6b1b2c35a827ed168e32546388e/src/Tasks/AssemblyDependency/ResolveAssemblyReference.cs#L2088-L2100) are cited there as a proof it&#39;s used during compile-time. Unfortunately, I&#39;m not proficient enough in MSBuild to understand how it&#39;s being used, and if it&#39;s really a valid argument.

### Can anybody describe an example scenario to prove that an app.config with binding redirects for a class library can do anything?

Do binding redirects in app.config for class libraries do anything?

I want to update Bootstrap in ASP.NET Core with NuGet. I used this:

    Install-Package bootstrap -Version 4.0.0

It did add the dependencies but how do I add it to my project now? What is the path for local NuGet dependencies?

![Installed NuGet dependencies](https://i.stack.imgur.com/J7fL6.png)

How to use Bootstrap 4 in ASP.NET Core

I am used to creating a .Net Framework console application and exposing a `Add(int x, int y)` function via a WCF service from scratch with Class Library (.Net Framework). I then use the console application to proxy call this function within the server.

However if I use Console App (.Net Core) and a Class Library (.Net Core) the System.ServiceModel is not available. I have done some Googling but I haven&#39;t figured out what &quot;replaces&quot; WCF in this instance.

How do I expose a `Add(int x, int y)` function within a class library to a console application all within .Net Core? I see System.ServiceModel.Web, and since this is trying to be cross platform do I have to create a RESTful service?

What replaces WCF in .Net Core?

I&#39;m getting the following error when running unit tests from visual studio using resharper: 

`Test-case objects missing for the following elements: ...  Rebuild the project and try again`

In the tooltip next to the unit test method it says: `Inconclusive: Test not run` and I think it said `Unit test skipped` at one point.  Resharper shows a grey eye icon.

There&#39;s also a wierd issue with visual studio&#39;s Test Explorer.  It won&#39;t show all my unit tests.  In fact, it&#39;s missing over 200 of my unit tests.  They just don&#39;t appear in the Test Explorer window.  I do have a handful of tests that appear and will run just fine.

Things I&#39;ve tried already: rebooting my machine, clean, rebuild, changing all dependent projects to use the same .net framework 4.7.

I&#39;m using VS 2017 .net Framework 4.7, Resharper, and MSTest.  All with the latest updates and versions.

Error when running unit tests in visual studio: Test-case objects missing

I have got a tslint error to my for loop when I try to resolve it it says to convert to for-of. I have seen many docs but its not helpful.How can I solve the lint error and I cannot do tslint:disable-next-line:prefer-for-of

    for (let i = 0; i &lt; this.rows.length; ++i) {
        if (!this.rows[i].selected) {
            this.selectAllChecked = false;
            break;
        }
    }



[tslint]Expected a &#39;for-of&#39; loop instead of a &#39;for&#39; loop with this simple iteration (prefer-for-of)

After format my computer I reinstalled Vs 2017 V 15.6.3
and install ASP.Net Core SDK from Microsoft 2.1.4

But when I create new asp core application VS failed with error
&gt;&quot;Project file is incomplete. Expected imports are missing&quot;

Please, can anyone help?

[![Error after while creating ASP core application ][1] ][1]


  [1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/hiHP1.png

Project file is incomplete. Expected imports are missing

Running Visual Studio Community 2017. Created a WebAPI project, have a controller class in there, with some basic stuff, but when I go to run in debug mode, I get the following error on my breakpoints, and I haven&#39;t the foggiest idea why.

`The breakpoint will not currently be hit. Breakpoints set but not yet bound.`

I&#39;ve seen a few answers here and there, but they don&#39;t help, or they&#39;re about Visual Studio Code, which I am definitely not using. 

I found [this][1], but it doesn&#39;t tell me what to do about my problem. How do I fix this issue?



  [1]: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/extensibility/debugger/binding-breakpoints

Breakpoints set but not yet bound in Visual Studio

When I am trying to install CMake I get the error:

    Visual Studio 15 2017 could not find any instance of Visual Studio.

I am using Windows 7 and Visual Studio 2017. The `CMakeOutput.log` file writes:

    The system is: Windows - 6.1.7601 - AMD64

Any ideas?


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Alessandro Cifani	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - .Net	Tharushi Geethma	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - .Net	andreyk2 Hohlov	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - .Net	Nagarjuna Borra	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What's the difference between the .NET Framework SDK and the Targeting pack

.Net Problem Overview

.Net Solutions

Solution 1 - .Net

Solution 2 - .Net

Solution 3 - .Net

How to add icon to mat-icon-button

firebase.auth is not a function

Attributions