For `float` have a look at [`sys.float_info`][1]:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; import sys
    &gt;&gt;&gt; sys.float_info
    sys.floatinfo(max=1.7976931348623157e+308, max_exp=1024, max_10_exp=308, min=2.2
    250738585072014e-308, min_exp=-1021, min_10_exp=-307, dig=15, mant_dig=53, epsil
    on=2.2204460492503131e-16, radix=2, rounds=1)

Specifically, `sys.float_info.max`:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; sys.float_info.max
    1.7976931348623157e+308

If that&#39;s not big enough, there&#39;s always [positive infinity][2]:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; infinity = float(&quot;inf&quot;)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; infinity
    inf
    &gt;&gt;&gt; infinity / 10000
    inf

The [`long` type has unlimited precision][3], so I think you&#39;re only limited by available memory.


  [1]: http://docs.python.org/library/sys.html#sys.float_info
  [2]: http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#float
  [3]: http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#typesnumeric

sys.maxint is not the largest integer supported by python.  It&#39;s the largest integer supported by python&#39;s regular integer type.  

If you are using **numpy**, you can use **dtype** &#39;*float128*&#39; and get a max float of **10e+4931**

    &gt;&gt;&gt; np.finfo(np.float128)
    finfo(resolution=1e-18, min=-1.18973149536e+4932, max=1.18973149536e+4932, dtype=float128)

I have a URL that is like:

    www.example.com/task1/1.3.html#a_1

How can I get the `a_1` anchor value using jQuery and store it as a variable?


How to get the anchor from the URL using jQuery?

I have a set of data and I want to compare which line describes it best (polynomials of different orders, exponential or logarithmic).

I use Python and Numpy and for polynomial fitting there is a function `polyfit()`. But I found no such functions for exponential and logarithmic fitting. 

Are there any? Or how to solve it otherwise?

How to do exponential and logarithmic curve fitting in Python? I found only polynomial fitting

I think the maximum integer in python is available by calling `sys.maxint`.

What is the maximum `float` or `long` in Python?

What is the maximum float in Python?

<p>I think the maximum integer in python is available by calling <code>sys.maxint</code>.</p>
<p>What is the maximum <code>float</code> or <code>long</code> in Python?</p>


How do I do a try except else in Java like I would in Python?

Example:

    try:
       something()
    except SomethingException,err:
       print &#39;error&#39;
    else:
       print &#39;succeeded&#39;

I see try and catch mentioned but nothing else.

Java - How to do Python&#39;s Try Except Else

In a function that expects a list of items, how can I pass a Python list item without getting an error?

    my_list = [&#39;red&#39;, &#39;blue&#39;, &#39;orange&#39;]
    function_that_needs_strings(&#39;red&#39;, &#39;blue&#39;, &#39;orange&#39;) # works!
    function_that_needs_strings(my_list) # breaks!

Surely there must be a way to expand the list, and pass the function `&#39;red&#39;,&#39;blue&#39;,&#39;orange&#39;` on the hoof? I think this is called &#39;unpacking&#39;.

Pass a list to a function to act as multiple arguments

I&#39;ve noticed that both of these work the same:

`if x not in list` and `if not x in list`.

Is there some sort of difference between the two in certain cases? Is there a reason for having both, or is it just because it&#39;s more natural for some people to write one or the other?

Which one am I more likely to see in other people&#39;s code?


&quot;x not in&quot; vs. &quot;not x in&quot;

I would like to be able to swap out an image on a Tkinter label, but I&#39;m not sure how to do it, except for replacing the widget itself.

Currently, I can display an image like so:

    import Tkinter as tk
    import ImageTk
    
    root = tk.Tk()
    img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(path))
    panel = tk.Label(root, image = img)
    panel.pack(side = &quot;bottom&quot;, fill = &quot;both&quot;, expand = &quot;yes&quot;)
    root.mainloop()

However, when the user hits, say the `ENTER` key, I&#39;d like to change the image.

    import Tkinter as tk
    import ImageTk
    
    root = tk.Tk()

    img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(path))
    panel = tk.Label(root, image = img)
    panel.pack(side = &quot;bottom&quot;, fill = &quot;both&quot;, expand = &quot;yes&quot;)
    
    def callback(e):
        # change image
    
    root.bind(&quot;&lt;Return&gt;&quot;, callback)
    root.mainloop()

Is this possible?

How to update the image of a Tkinter Label widget?

The addition of `collections.defaultdict` in Python 2.5 greatly reduced the need for `dict`&#39;s `setdefault` method. This question is for our collective education:

1. What is `setdefault` still useful for, today in Python 2.6/2.7?
2. What popular use cases of `setdefault` were superseded with `collections.defaultdict`?



Use cases for the &#39;setdefault&#39; dict method

I&#39;m trying to extract a string (which contains an integer) from an array and then use it as an int in a function. I&#39;m trying to convert it to a int using intValue.

Here&#39;s the code I&#39;ve been trying.

      NSArray *_returnedArguments = [serverOutput componentsSeparatedByString:@&quot;:&quot;];
      [_appDelegate loggedIn:usernameField.text:passwordField.text:(int)[[_returnedArguments objectAtIndex:2] intValue]];

I get this error:

&gt; passing argument 3 of &#39;loggedIn:::&#39; makes pointer from integer
&gt; without a cast

What&#39;s wrong?

ObjectiveC Parse Integer from String

What is the most accepted way to convert a `boolean` to an `int` in Java?

Convert boolean to int in Java

How do I increment a Integer&#39;s value in Java? I know I can get the value with intValue, and I can set it with new Integer(int i).

    playerID.intValue()++;

does not seem to work.

Note: PlayerID is a Integer that has been created with:

    Integer playerID = new Integer(1);

Increment a Integer&#39;s int value?

When converting an int like so:

    char a[256];
    sprintf(a, &quot;%d&quot;, 132);

what&#39;s the best way to determine how large *a* should be? I assume manually setting it is fine (as I&#39;ve seen it used everywhere), but how large should it be? What&#39;s the largest int value possible on a 32 bit system, and is there some tricky way of determining that on the fly?

Determining sprintf buffer size - what&#39;s the standard?

Sometimes java puzzles me.  
I have a huge amount of *int* initializations to make.

What&#39;s the *real* difference?

 1. `Integer.toString(i)`
 2. `new Integer(i).toString()`

Java int to String - Integer.toString(i) vs new Integer(i).toString()

I&#39;m very new to dealing with bits and have got stuck on the following warning when compiling:

&gt;      7: warning: left shift count &gt;= width of type

My line 7 looks like this

    unsigned long int x = 1 &lt;&lt; 32;

This would make sense if the size of `long` on my system was 32 bits. However, `sizeof(long)` returns `8` and `CHAR_BIT` is defined as `8` suggesting that long should be 8x8 = 64 bits long.

What am I missing here? Are `sizeof` and `CHAR_BIT` inaccurate or have I misunderstood something fundamental?

warning: left shift count &gt;= width of type

I want to change a values in byte array to put a long timestamp value in in the MSBs. Can someone tell me whats the best way to do it. I do not want to insert values bit-by-bit which I believe is very inefficient. 

    
    long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Long timeStamp = new Long(time);
    byte[] bArray = new byte[128];
    
What I want is something like:

    byte[0-63] = timeStamp.byteValue(); 

Is something like this possible . What is the best way to edit/insert values in this byte array. since byte is a primitive I dont think there are some direct implementations I can make use of?

Edit:  
It seems that `System.currentTimeMillis()` is faster than `Calendar.getTimeInMillis()`, so replacing the above code by it.Please correct me if wrong.

Convert long to byte array and add it to another array

By my reading of the C++ Standard, I have always understood that the sizes of the integral fundamental types in C++ were as follows:

    sizeof(char) &lt;= sizeof(short int) &lt;= sizeof(int) &lt;= sizeof(long int)

I deduced this from 3.9.1/2:

&gt; 2. There are four signed integer types: “signed char”, “short int”,
&gt; “int”, and “long int.” In this list,
&gt; each type provides at least as much
&gt; storage as those preceding it in the
&gt; list. Plain ints have the natural size
&gt; suggested by the architecture of the
&gt; execution environment

Further, the size of `char` is described by 3.9.1/ as being:

 &gt; 1. [...] large enough to store any member of the implementation’s basic character set.

1.7/1 defines this in more concrete terms:

 &gt; 1. The fundamental storage unit in the C + + memory model is the byte. A byte is at least large enough to contain any member of the basic execution character set and is composed of a contiguous sequence of bits, the number of which is implementation-defined.

This leads me to the following conclusion:

    1 == sizeof(char) &lt;= sizeof(short int) &lt;= sizeof(int) &lt;= sizeof(long int)

where `sizeof` tells us how many bytes the type is.  Furthermore, it is implementation-defined how many bits are in a byte.  Most of us are probably used to dealing with 8-bit bytes, but the Standard says there are `n` bits in a byte.

----------
In [this post][1], Alf P. Steinbach says: 

&gt; long is guaranteed (at least) 32 bits. 

This flies in the face of everything I understand the size of the fundamental types to be in C++ according to the Standard.  Normally I would just discount this statement as a beginner being wrong, but since this was Alf I decided it was worth investigating further.

So, what say you?  Is a long guaranteed by the standard to be at least 32 bits?  If so, please be specific as to how this guarantee is made.  I just don&#39;t see it.

1. The C++ Standard specifically says that in order to know C++ you must know C (1.2/1) &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;

2. The C++ Standard implicitly defines the minimum limit on the values a `long` can accommodate to be `LONG_MIN`-`LONG_MAX` &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;

So no matter how big a `long` is, it has to be big enough to hold LONG_MIN to LONG_MAX.

But Alf and others are *specific* that a long must be at least 32 bits.  This is what I&#39;m trying to establish.  The C++ Standard is explicit that the number of bits in a byte are not specified (it could be 4, 8, 16, 42)  So how is the connection made from being able to accommodate the numbers `LONG_MIN-LONG_MAX` to being at least 32 bits?


----------


(1) 1.2/1: The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

 - ISO/IEC 2382 (all parts), Information technology – Vocabulary 
 - ISO/IEC 9899:1999, Programming languages – C
 - ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000, Information technology – Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) – Part 1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual Plane

(2) Defined in `&lt;climits&gt;` as:

    LONG_MIN -2147483647 // -(2^31 - 1)
    LONG_MAX +2147483647 //   2^31 - 1

  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4329277/whats-the-point-of-long-data-type/4329349#4329349


Is `long` guaranteed to be at least 32 bits?

How do I convert a `long` to a `byte[]` and back in Java?

I&#39;m trying convert a `long` to a `byte[]` so that I will be able to send the `byte[]` over a TCP connection. On the other side I want to take that `byte[]` and convert it back into a `double`.


How do I convert Long to byte[] and back in java

I want to convert a hex string to long in java.

I have tried with general conversion. 

    String s = &quot;4d0d08ada45f9dde1e99cad9&quot;;
    long l = Long.valueOf(s).longValue();
    System.out.println(l);
    String ls = Long.toString(l);

But I am getting this error message:

    java.lang.NumberFormatException: For input string: &quot;4d0d08ada45f9dde1e99cad9&quot;

Is there any way to convert String to long in java? Or am i trying which is not really possible!!

Thanks!

How to convert a hexadecimal string to long in java?

I have a list:

    a = [32, 37, 28, 30, 37, 25, 27, 24, 35, 55, 23, 31, 55, 21, 40, 18, 50,
                 35, 41, 49, 37, 19, 40, 41, 31]

max element is 55 (two elements on position 9 and 12)

I need to find on which position(s) the maximum value is situated. Please, help.

How to find all positions of the maximum value in a list?

What is the maximum size that can be stored in a PHP session?

Maximum size of a PHP session

Find the maximum of two numbers. You should not use if-else or any other comparison operator. I found this question on online bulletin board, so i thought i should ask in StackOverflow

EXAMPLE
Input: 5, 10
Output: 10

I found this solution, can someone help me understand these lines of code

    int getMax(int a, int b) {  
        int c = a - b;  
        int k = (c &gt;&gt; 31) &amp; 0x1;  
        int max = a - k * c;  
        return max;  
    }

Explain this snippet which finds the maximum of two integers without using if-else or any other comparison operator?

What is the maximum number of edges in a directed graph with n nodes? Is there any upper bound?

What is the maximum number of edges in a directed graph with n nodes?

So I am trying to figure out how to take a range of numbers and scale the values down to fit a range.  The reason for wanting to do this is that I am trying to draw ellipses in a java swing jpanel.  I want the height and width of each ellipse to be in a range of say 1-30.  I have methods that find the minimum and maximum values from my data set, but I won&#39;t have the min and max until runtime.  Is there an easy way to do this?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	ladyfafa	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Dave Webb	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	GWW	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Python	The Aelfinn	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What is the maximum float in Python?

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

Solution 3 - Python

How to do exponential and logarithmic curve fitting in Python? I found only polynomial fitting

How to get the anchor from the URL using jQuery?

Attributions