1. **`find($id)`** takes an id and returns a single model. If no matching model exist, it returns `null`.

2. **`findOrFail($id)`** takes an id and returns a single model. If no matching model exist, it throws an error&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.

3. **`first()`** returns the first record found in the database. If no matching model exist, it returns `null`.

4. **`firstOrFail()`** returns the first record found in the database. If no matching model exist, it throws an error&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;.

5. **`get()`** returns a collection of models matching the query.

6. **`pluck($column)`** returns a collection of just the values in the given column. In previous versions of Laravel this method was called `lists`.

7. **`toArray()`** converts the model/collection into a simple PHP array.

---

**Note:** [a collection](http://laravel.com/docs/5.5/eloquent-collections) is a beefed up array. It functions similarly to an array, but has a lot of added functionality, as you can see in [the docs](http://laravel.com/docs/5.5/collections#available-methods).

Unfortunately, PHP doesn&#39;t let you use a collection object everywhere you can use an array. For example, using a collection in a `foreach` loop is ok, put passing it to `array_map` is not. Similarly, if you type-hint an argument as `array`, PHP won&#39;t let you pass it a collection. Starting in PHP 7.1, there is the [`iterable` typehint](https://www.php.net/manual/en/language.types.iterable.php), which can be used to accept both arrays and collections.

If you ever want to get a plain array from a collection, call its [`all()`](http://laravel.com/docs/5.1/collections#method-all) method.

---

&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; The error thrown by the `findOrFail` and `firstOrFail` methods is a [`ModelNotFoundException`](https://github.com/laravel/framework/blob/ec8fb5596b67de0edfcc8cc7c2167d6c184f080b/src/Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/ModelNotFoundException.php). If you don&#39;t catch this exception yourself, [Laravel will respond with a 404](https://github.com/laravel/framework/blob/ec8fb5596b67de0edfcc8cc7c2167d6c184f080b/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Exceptions/Handler.php#L199-L200), which is what you want most of the time.


Probably things changed but the findorFail method can take 2 arguments: `$id` and `$columns` mixed/array params respectively. Passing a second arg is not required. That said, this would work:

    $post = Post::findOrFail([1,2], [&#39;title&#39;, &#39;subtitle&#39;]);

If one of the `$ids` fails, the `ModelNotFoundException` with message &#39;No query results for model ... &#39; will be thrown.

Why doesn&#39;t this Swift code compile?

    protocol P { }
    struct S: P { }
    
    let arr:[P] = [ S() ]
    
    extension Array where Element : P {
        func test&lt;T&gt;() -&gt; [T] {
            return []
        }
    }
    
    let result : [S] = arr.test()

The compiler says: &quot;Type `P` does not conform to protocol `P`&quot; (or, in later versions of Swift, &quot;Using &#39;P&#39; as a concrete type conforming to protocol &#39;P&#39; is not supported.&quot;).

Why not? This feels like a hole in the language, somehow. I realize that the problem stems from declaring the array `arr` as an array _of a protocol type_, but is that an unreasonable thing to do? I thought protocols were there exactly to help supply structs with something like a type hierarchy?


Protocol doesn&#39;t conform to itself?

I need to have a React Native `TextInput` component that will only allow numeric characters (0 - 9) to be entered. I can set the `keyboardType` to `numeric` which almost gets me there for input except for the period (.). However this does nothing to stop pasting non-numeric characters into the field.

What I&#39;ve come up with so far is to use the `OnChangeText` event to look at the text entered. I remove any non-numeric characters from the text. Then put the text in a state field. Then update the `TextInput` through it&#39;s `Value` property. Code snippet below.

    &lt;TextInput 
      style={styles.textInput}
      keyboardType = &#39;numeric&#39;
      onChangeText = {(text)=&gt; this.onChanged(text)}
      value = {this.state.myNumber}
    /&gt; 
    
    onTextChanged(text) {
      // code to remove non-numeric characters from text
      this.setState({myNumber: text})
    }

This seems to work but it seems like a hack. Is there another way to do this?

React Native TextInput that only accepts numeric characters

What is the difference between these methods:

1. `find()`
2. `findOrFail()`
3. `first()`
4. `firstOrFail()`
5. `get()`
6. `list()`
7. `toArray()`

I&#39;ve been using them and each one gives a different result and sometimes I need to add `toArray()` at the end of `get()` because my function is expecting an array. Won&#39;t the other methods produce arrays as well?

What is the difference between find(), findOrFail(), first(), firstOrFail(), get(), list(), toArray()

<p>What is the difference between these methods:</p>
<ol>
<li><code>find()</code></li>
<li><code>findOrFail()</code></li>
<li><code>first()</code></li>
<li><code>firstOrFail()</code></li>
<li><code>get()</code></li>
<li><code>list()</code></li>
<li><code>toArray()</code></li>
</ol>
<p>I've been using them and each one gives a different result and sometimes I need to add <code>toArray()</code> at the end of <code>get()</code> because my function is expecting an array. Won't the other methods produce arrays as well?</p>


So I have this tiny query to run on my DB and it works fine in MySQL Workbench.
Basically, a SELECT with LEFT JOIN and UNION with LEFT JOIN again.

    SELECT
    	cards.id_card,
    	cards.hash_card,
        cards.`table`,
        users.name,
        0 as total,
        cards.card_status,
        cards.created_at
    FROM cards
    LEFT JOIN users
    ON users.id_user = cards.id_user
    WHERE hash_card NOT IN ( SELECT orders.hash_card FROM orders )
    UNION
    SELECT
    	cards.id_card,
    	orders.hash_card,
    	cards.`table`,
        users.name,
        sum(orders.quantity*orders.product_price) as total, 
        cards.card_status, 
        max(orders.created_at) 
    FROM menu.orders
    LEFT JOIN cards
    ON cards.hash_card = orders.hash_card
    LEFT JOIN users
    ON users.id_user = cards.id_user
    GROUP BY hash_card
    ORDER BY id_card ASC

In tried to translate it to Laravel, with no success.

    $cards = Card::selectRaw(&#39;cards.id_card, cards.hash_card ,cards.table, users.name, 0 as total, cards.card_status, cards.created_at as last_update&#39;)
    				-&gt;leftJoin(&#39;users&#39;,&#39;users.id_user&#39;,&#39;=&#39;,&#39;cards.id_user&#39;)
    				-&gt;whereNotIn( &#39;hash_card&#39;, Order::select(&#39;orders.hash_card&#39;)-&gt;get() )
    				-&gt;union(
    						Order::selectRaw(&#39;cards.id_card, orders.hash_card, cards.table, users.name, sum(orders.quantity*orders.product_price) as total, cards.card_status, max(orders.created_at) as last_update&#39;)
    						-&gt;leftJoin(&#39;cards&#39;,&#39;cards.hash_card&#39;,&#39;=&#39;,&#39;orders.hash_card&#39;)
    						-&gt;leftJoin(&#39;users&#39;,&#39;users.id_user&#39;,&#39;=&#39;,&#39;cards.id_user&#39;)
    				)
    				-&gt;groupBy(&#39;hash_card&#39;)
    				-&gt;orderBy(&#39;cards.id_card&#39;,&#39;asc&#39;)
    				-&gt;get();

I&#39;m getting the error 

&gt; ErrorException in Builder.php line 1249: Undefined property:
&gt; Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder::$bindings

How could I execute a completely raw query in Laravel or write the query in the right manner in Laravel?

How to execute raw queries with Laravel 5.1?

What are the differences between `composer update` and `composer install`?

What are the differences between composer update and composer install?

**Description** : I have a table full of tested data. Sometimes, I want to clear it out for new data. I can perform the truncate in the DBMS App like **MySQL WorkBench**, but I&#39;m trying to achieve it within my application instead.

___

**Goal** : to make a button to truncate a table in a database when on click.
___

Here are my steps : 

**1 - Declare a route**

    Route::delete(&#39;visitor/truncate&#39;,array(&#39;as&#39;=&gt;&#39;visitor.truncate&#39;, &#39;uses&#39;=&gt;&#39;VisitorController@truncate&#39;));

___

**2 - Create a `truncate` function in my `VisitorController`**

    public function truncate()
    {
    
        $visitors = Visitor::all();
        $visitors -&gt;truncate();
    
        return View::make(&#39;visitors.index&#39;)
            -&gt;with(&#39;success&#39;, &#39;Truncate Done&#39;);
    }

______

**3 - Create a button on my view** 

     {!! Form::model($visitors, array( &#39;route&#39; =&gt; array(&#39;visitor.truncate&#39;),&#39;method&#39; =&gt; &#39;DELETE&#39;)) !!}
              &lt;button type=&quot;submit&quot;  class=&quot;btn bgm-red btn-float waves-effect waves-effect waves-button waves-float&quot;&gt;&lt;i class=&quot;md md-remove&quot;&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/button&gt;
          {!! Form::close()!!}

____

**4 - Test** 

When I click on it, it get into my `truncate()` function in my controller, but I keep getting this error 

&gt; Call to undefined method Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection::truncate()


____

Do I need include anything to use `truncate()` ? 

Any hints on that will be much appreciated ! 

Truncate a table in Laravel 5

I don&#39;t know if this question has been asked, because searching finds results mostly about moving the libraries installation directory.

I have a globally installed composer command. Is there a way to run, for example, `composer install` in a different directory than current, i.e. to specify the directory in which I would like tu run the command?

E.g. being in `/home/someuser`, I would like to acquire the same result as in running `composer install` it inside `/home/someuser/myproject`. Of course, one way would be to simply change the current directory, run composer and go back.

Running composer in a different directory than current

While running **php artisan migrate**, I got the following error

    

&gt; [Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException]                                                                    
  Unknown database type enum requested, Doctrine\DBAL\Platforms\MySqlPlatform may not support it. 

How to resolve this issue.

Code:

    public function up() {
        Schema::table(&#39;blogs&#39;, function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table-&gt;string(&#39;wordpress_id&#39;)-&gt;nullable();
            $table-&gt;string(&#39;google_blog_id&#39;)-&gt;nullable()-&gt;change();
        });
    }

Laravel 5.1 Unknown database type enum requested

I am trying to get the client&#39;s IP address in Laravel. 

It is easy to get a client&#39;s IP in PHP by using `$_SERVER[&quot;REMOTE_ADDR&quot;]`. It is working fine in core PHP, but when I use the same thing in Laravel,  it returns the server IP instead of the visitor&#39;s IP.


How to get client IP address in Laravel 5+

I&#39;m trying to create a report page that shows reports from a specific date to a specific date. Here&#39;s my current code:

    $now = date(&#39;Y-m-d&#39;);
    $reservations = Reservation::where(&#39;reservation_from&#39;, $now)-&gt;get();
 
What this does in plain SQL is `select * from table where reservation_from = $now`. 

I have this query here but I don&#39;t know how to convert it to eloquent query.

    SELECT * FROM table WHERE reservation_from BETWEEN &#39;$from&#39; AND &#39;$to

How can I convert the code above to eloquent query? Thank you in advance.

How to query between two dates using Laravel and Eloquent?

Since it automatically sets it for me in my `.env` file when I create the app, I&#39;m not sure when I should run it.

In addition to that, if a second developer comes in, and **clones** the app, does he/she need to run `php artisan key:generate` ? 

How do we know exactly when to run `php artisan key:generate` ?






Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Halnex	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Php	Joseph Silber	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Php	Grogenstein	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What is the difference between find(), findOrFail(), first(), firstOrFail(), get(), list(), toArray()

Php Problem Overview

Php Solutions

Solution 1 - Php

Solution 2 - Php

React Native TextInput that only accepts numeric characters

Protocol doesn't conform to itself?

Attributions