As explained in &quot;[gitolite: PTY allocation request failed on channel 0][1]&quot;, it is important to do ssh test connection with `-T`, because some server could abort the transaction entirely if a [**text-terminal (tty)**][2] is requested.

`-T` avoids requesting said terminal, since GitHub has no intention of giving you an interactive secure shell, where you could type command.  

GitHub only wants to reply to your ssh request, in order to ascertain that the ssh command does work (you have the right public/private keys, and the public one has been registered to [your GitHub account][3])

[PuTTy][4] would be an example of a [terminal emulator][5], [serial console][6] and network file transfer application. It supports several network protocols, including SCP, SSH, Telnet and rlogin.  
The name &quot;`PuTTY`&quot; has [no definitive meaning][7], though **&quot;tty&quot; is the name for a terminal in the Unix tradition, usually held to be short for [Teletype][8]**.

---

## Other use-cases for `-T` (beside testing)

- [Transferring binary files][9]
- [Execute commands on a remote server][10]
- SSH tunneling: `ssh -fnT -L port:server:port user@server` (-f for background: you don&#39;t want to execute command, don&#39;t need a TTY and just want to establish a tunnel)

  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/10346575/6309
  [2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_terminal
  [3]: https://github.com/settings/ssh
  [4]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PuTTY
  [5]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulator
  [6]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_console
  [7]: http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/faq.html#faq-meaning
  [8]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teletype_Corporation
  [9]: https://serverfault.com/a/746638/783
  [10]: http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/88616/7490

I have a pandas data frame with multiple columns and I would like to construct a dict from two columns: one as the dict&#39;s keys and the other as the dict&#39;s values. How can I do that?

Dataframe:

               area  count
    co tp
    DE Lake      10      7
    Forest       20      5
    FR Lake      30      2
    Forest       40      3

I need to define area as key, count as value in dict. Thank you in advance.

python pandas dataframe columns convert to dict key and value

What exactly is the difference between **core pool size** and **maximum pool size** when we talk in terms of `ThreadPoolExecutor`?  
Can it be explained with the help of an example? 

Core pool size vs maximum pool size in ThreadPoolExecutor

I was trying to setup an SSH connection with Github following this tutorial:

* [Testing your SSH connection](https://docs.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/connecting-to-github-with-ssh/testing-your-ssh-connection)

I came across the following command: 

    $ ssh -T git@github.com 
    # Attempts to ssh to github

Curious, I looked at the ssh manual. It said the following:

     -T      Disable pseudo-tty allocation.

What is tty allocation? What does tty stand for? Why are we disabling it?&lt;br&gt;I earnestly tried to look it up but I was unable to find even a definition.

What is Pseudo TTY-Allocation? (SSH and Github)

I was trying to setup an SSH connection with Github following this tutorial:
<ul>
<li><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/connecting-to-github-with-ssh/testing-your-ssh-connection" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Testing your SSH connection</a></li>
</ul>
I came across the following command:
<pre><code class="hljs language-ruby">$ ssh -T git@github.com 
# Attempts to ssh to github
</code></pre>
Curious, I looked at the ssh manual. It said the following:
<pre><code class="hljs language-r"> -T Disable pseudo-tty allocation.
</code></pre>
What is tty allocation? What does tty stand for? Why are we disabling it? I earnestly tried to look it up but I was unable to find even a definition.

I want to have my local and remote repositories always in sync in terms of branches.

After a Pull Request review on GitHub, I merge and remove my branch there (remote).
How could I fetch this information in my local repository and get Git to remove my local version of the branch as well?

Delete local Git branches after deleting them on the remote repo

I have folder name `utils` I want to `copy` this folder from `master` branch to `work` branch. How do I do that ?

Git Copy a folder from master branch to another branch

Github really seems to want us to use the HTTPS protocol to use Gists, for example, they only list the HTTPS url on a Gist page - e.g. https://gist.github.com/donatello/5834862

Is it possible to clone a Gist using SSH protocol?

How to clone a Github Gist via SSH protocol?

I&#39;ve found myself in this situation a couple of times lately, and I&#39;m not totally sure how best to handle it.

So I have a fork of a git repository that I&#39;m contributing to. I keep my master branch synced with the upstream master branch.

When I want to work on a new feature, bugfix, etc, I create a branch from my master and do any work. When I&#39;m done, I merge in any changes that have been made to upstream master in the meantime, and then send a pull request from my feature/bugfix branch to the upstream master.

Now, while I&#39;m waiting for that pull request to be accepted, I want to work on something slightly different. However, the new feature work needs the bugfix/new feature that I just sent the pull request for. I need to build on it.

How do I branch/merge/handle branches in such a way that I can work on the continuation, while still being able to merge/pull request in my changes in a clean way once the first pull request is accepted into master?

This is all using Github, although I imagine the answer would be applicable to Git in general.

Continue working on a Git branch after making a pull request

I am creating a `setup.py` file for a project which depends on private GitHub repositories.  The relevant parts of the file look like this:

    from setuptools import setup
    setup(name=&#39;my_project&#39;,
        ...,
        install_requires=[
            &#39;public_package&#39;,
            &#39;other_public_package&#39;,
            &#39;private_repo_1&#39;,
            &#39;private_repo_2&#39;,
        ],
        dependency_links=[
            &#39;https://github.com/my_account/private_repo_1/master/tarball/&#39;,
            &#39;https://github.com/my_account/private_repo_2/master/tarball/&#39;,
        ],
        ...,
    )

I am using `setuptools` instead of `distutils` because the latter does not support the `install_requires` and `dependency_links` arguments per [this](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9810603/adding-install-requires-to-setup-py-when-making-a-python-package) answer.

The above setup file fails to access the private repos with a 404 error - which is to be expected since GitHub returns a 404 to unauthorized requests for a private repository.  However, I can&#39;t figure out how to make `setuptools` authenticate.

Here are some things I&#39;ve tried:

1. Use `git+ssh://` instead of `https://` in `dependency_links` as I would if installing the repo with `pip`.  This fails because setuptools doesn&#39;t recognize this protocol (&quot;unknown url type: git+ssh&quot;), though the [distribute documentation](http://pythonhosted.org/distribute/setuptools.html#dependencies-that-aren-t-in-pypi) says it should.  Ditto `git+https` and `git+http`.

2. `https://&lt;username&gt;:&lt;password&gt;@github.com/...` - still get a 404.  (This method doesn&#39;t work with `curl` or `wget` from the command line either - though `curl -u &lt;username&gt; &lt;repo_url&gt; -O &lt;output_file_name&gt;` does work.)

3. Upgrading setuptools (0.9.7) and virtualenv (1.10) to the latest versions.  Also tried installing distribute though [this overview](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6344076/differences-between-distribute-distutils-setuptools-and-distutils2) says it was merged back into setuptools.  Either way, no dice.

Currently I just have `setup.py` print out a warning that the private repos must be downloaded separately.  This is obviously less than ideal.  I feel like there&#39;s something obvious that I&#39;m missing, but can&#39;t think what it might be. :)

Duplicate-ish question with no answers [here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12956168/python-how-to-connect-to-a-protected-svn-repository-with-setuptools).

Python setuptools: How can I list a private repository under install_requires?

I am using git bash. I have to use

    eval `ssh-agent.exe`
    ssh-add /my/ssh/location/
every time when I start a new git bash.

Is there a way to set ssh agent permanently? Or does windows has a good way
to manage the ssh keys?

I&#39;m a new guy, please give me detailed tutorial, thanks!

Running SSH Agent when starting Git Bash on Windows

When I try to push my app to Heroku I get this response:

    fatal: &#39;heroku&#39; does not appear to be a git repository
    fatal: Could not read from remote repository.

    Please make sure you have the correct access rights
    and the repository exists.

I have tried &#39;heroku keys:add&#39; but still comes up with the same result.
I already have an ssh key for my GitHub account.

&#39;heroku&#39; does not appear to be a git repository

In my `.bashrc` I define a function which I can use on the command line later:

    function mycommand() {
        ssh user@123.456.789.0 cd testdir;./test.sh &quot;$1&quot;
    }


When using this command, just the `cd` command is executed on the remote host; the `test.sh` command is executed on the local host. This is because the semicolon separates two different commands: the `ssh` command and the `test.sh` command. 

I tried defining the function as follows (note the single quotes):

    function mycommand() {
        ssh user@123.456.789.0 &#39;cd testdir;./test.sh &quot;$1&quot;&#39;
    }

I tried to keep the `cd` command and the `test.sh` command together, but the argument `$1` is not resolved, independent of what I give to the function. It is always tried to execute a command

    ./test.sh $1

on the remote host. 

How do I properly define `mycommand`, so the script `test.sh` is executed on the remote host after changing into the directory `testdir`, with the ability to pass on the argument given to `mycommand` to `test.sh`?

How to execute a remote command over ssh with arguments?

I&#39;m trying to find UNIX or bash command to run a command after connecting to an ssh server.  For example:

    ssh name@ip &quot;tmux list-sessions&quot;

The above code works, it lists the sessions, but it then immediately disconnects.  Putting it in the sshrc on the server side works, but I need to be able to type it in client side.  I want to be able to run a command, it logs in, opens up the window, then runs the command I&#39;ve set. Ive tried 

    [command] | ssh name@ip

    ssh name@ip [command]

    ssh name@ip &quot;[command]&quot;

    ssh -t name@ip [command]

Run ssh and immediately execute command

I want to use my Amazon ec2 instance but faced the following error: 

    Permission denied (publickey).

I have created my key pair and downloaded **.pem** file.


Given:               

    chmod  600 pem file.

Then, this command

    ssh -i /home/kashif/serverkey.pem  ubuntu@ec2-54-227-242-179.compute-1.amazonaws.com

But have this error:

    Permission denied (publickey)

Also, **how can I connect with filezilla to upload/download files?**

       

Permission denied (publickey) when SSH Access to Amazon EC2 instance

The implementation of key handling with (Tortoise)Git for Windows confuses me. As far as I understood, you can implement with either `ssh.exe` (gits own ssh program), where you can then choose an ssh key per host in your `ssh_config` in the &#39;faked&#39; home dir. For me, that is not really applicable, because I have multiple Bitbucket accounts using different keys but all the same host.  
  
Then there is a way to use `TortoiseGitPlink`. You basically set up pageant with a putty generated key and let TortoiseGit use that one - with the environment variable `SSH_GIT` set to your TortoiseGitPlink.exe).  
  
Now my question is the following: I just created an ssh2 rsa key with default options using `ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/rsa_key` command in GitBash. I tried loading this file into `pageant.exe` by using its GUI. I got the error: `Couldn&#39;t load this key (OpenSSH-SSH-2 private key)`.  

What is the problem with this key? Made in GitBash it should adhere all standard openSSH guidelines. Is it correct that there are differences in puTTY keys and openSSH keys?

Pageant does not load SSH-2 key generated with GitBash

So there are plenty of tutorials on how to convert a `PEM` to a `PPK` using `puttyGen`. However my issue is that my windows machine had the only `PEM` copy and I converted it into a `PPK` and deleted it. Now I need to figure out how to convert a `PPK` into a `PEM` so that my mac can `ssh` into the server. I still have access to the server so I could also just make a new key if I had to, anyone know how to convert `PPK` to `PEM`?  

Create a PEM from a PPK file

I&#39;ve installed openssh for windows and when I run `ssh localhost` I get 
&gt; Bad owner or permissions on C:\\Users\\gary/.ssh/config

I&#39;ve looked at these 2 questions https://superuser.com/questions/348694/bad-owner-or-permissions-error-using-cygwins-ssh-exe and https://serverfault.com/questions/253313/ssh-returns-bad-owner-or-permissions-on-ssh-config but none of the answers work for me.  sshd is running as a service as the Local System user.  I&#39;ve run `chmod 0600 C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config` and `chown gary C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config`.  I&#39;ve also cleared the ACL by running `setfacl -b C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config` and then `chmod 0600 C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config` again.  I&#39;ve also tried changing the owner to SYSTEM and got the same error.

I&#39;m not sure what else to do, is there anything wrong with my setup?  I also have git installed which installed mingw, I deleted ssh and sshd from my git installation so they wouldn&#39;t be on my path.

Other commands I&#39;ve run are
`icacls &quot;C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config&quot; /setowner gary`
`chown -R gary:1049089 C:\Users\gary\.ssh`

`ls -la C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config` shows 
&gt;-rw-r--r-- 1 gary 1049089 229 Jan  3 14:43 &#39;C:\Users\gary\.ssh\config&#39;

it keeps showing this even after changing the owner to SYSTEM, but in the file properties in file explorer it shows SYSTEM as the owner


openssh windows bad owner or permissions

When I try to start the ssh-agent on Windows 10 via PowerShell (with elevated right or without) by entering `Start-Service ssh-agent` I get the error

&gt; unable to start ssh-agent service, error :1058

When I check of the service is running via `Get-Service ssh-agent` is returns that the service is stopped.

How can I get the ssh-agent running?

Starting ssh-agent on Windows 10 fails: &quot;unable to start ssh-agent service, error :1058&quot;

(I am using MAC)

My id_rsa starts with

    -----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----

but I expect it to starts with 

    -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

I have send my id_rsa.pub to server administrator to get the access to server, so I don&#39;t want to generate a new key. 

1. Is there any way that I can transfer my id_rsa which is a openssh private key to a RSA private key?  (command please.)

2. If I can transfer, do I also need to transfer id_rsa.pub? (command please.) It seems id_rsa.pub doesn&#39;t have a header like id_rsa, so I am not sure if I should also transfer this.



Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	user2316667	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Github	VonC	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What is Pseudo TTY-Allocation? (SSH and Github)

Github Problem Overview

Github Solutions

Solution 1 - Github

Other use-cases for `-T` (beside testing)

Core pool size vs maximum pool size in ThreadPoolExecutor

python pandas dataframe columns convert to dict key and value

Attributions

Github Problem Overview

Github Solutions

Solution 1 - Github

Other use-cases for -T (beside testing)

Core pool size vs maximum pool size in ThreadPoolExecutor

python pandas dataframe columns convert to dict key and value

Attributions

Other use-cases for `-T` (beside testing)