Choose one you need:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; s = &quot;Rajasekar SP  def&quot;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; s.split(&#39; &#39;)
    [&#39;Rajasekar&#39;, &#39;SP&#39;, &#39;&#39;, &#39;def&#39;]
    &gt;&gt;&gt; s.split()
    [&#39;Rajasekar&#39;, &#39;SP&#39;, &#39;def&#39;]
    &gt;&gt;&gt; s.partition(&#39; &#39;)
    (&#39;Rajasekar&#39;, &#39; &#39;, &#39;SP  def&#39;)

[`str.split`](http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#str.split) and [`str.partition`](http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#str.partition)


The alternative for explode in php is [split][1].

The first parameter is the delimiter, the second parameter the maximum number splits. The parts are returned without the delimiter present (except possibly the last part). When the delimiter is None, all whitespace is matched. This is the default.

    &gt;&gt;&gt; &quot;Rajasekar SP&quot;.split()
    [&#39;Rajasekar&#39;, &#39;SP&#39;]
    
    &gt;&gt;&gt; &quot;Rajasekar SP&quot;.split(&#39;a&#39;,2)
    [&#39;R&#39;,&#39;j&#39;,&#39;sekar SP&#39;]


  [1]: http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#str.split

I&#39;ve written a PHP function that can accept 10 parameters, but only 2 are required. Sometimes, I want to define the eighth parameter, but I don&#39;t want to type in empty strings for each of the parameters until I reach the eighth.

One idea I had was to pass an abstracted function with an array of parameters which passes it along to the real function.

Is there a better way to set up the function so I can pass in only the parameters I want?

PHP Function with Optional Parameters

How can I iterate through all the local branches in my repository using bash script.
I need to iterate and check is there any difference between the branch and some remote branches.
Ex

    for branch in $(git branch); 
    do
        git log --oneline $branch ^remotes/origin/master;
    done

I need to do something like given above, but the issue I&#39;m facing is $(git branch) gives me the folders inside the repository folder along with the branches present in the repository.

Is this the correct way to solve this issue? Or is there another way to do it?

Thank you
        

How to iterate through all git branches using bash script

I had a string which is stored in a variable `myvar = &quot;Rajasekar SP&quot;`. I want to split it with delimiter like we do using [`explode`](http://php.net/manual/en/function.explode.php) in PHP.

What is the equivalent in Python?

What is for Python what &#39;explode&#39; is for PHP?

<p>I had a string which is stored in a variable <code>myvar = "Rajasekar SP"</code>. I want to split it with delimiter like we do using <a href="http://php.net/manual/en/function.explode.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>explode</code></a> in PHP.</p>
<p>What is the equivalent in Python?</p>


I&#39;ve searched around for use of localStorage in PHP, as I need to get localStorage data as a $var, in PHP and do stuff in PHP with it. Is this possible?

PHP &amp; localStorage;

For some reason I convert a time format like: `03:30 to seconds 3*3600 + 30*60, now`. I wanna convert it back to its first (same) format up there. How could that be?

**My attempt:**

    3*3600 + 30*60 = 12600 
    
    12600 / 60 = 210 / 60 = 3.5, floor(3.5) = 3 = hour

Now, what about the minutes? 

Considering the value can be like `19:00 or 02:51.` 
I think you got the picture.

And by the way, how to convert `2:0 for example to 02:00 using RegEx?`

How to convert seconds to time format?

Is there something like struct data type in PHP? 
Can anyone give me example for struct data type to understand this better? 

If there&#39;s no such data type, how can I get a data type that behaves like a struct?


Does PHP have a struct data type?

I have a problem that I install &#39;Archive_Zip 0.1.1&#39; on Linux server, but when I try to run the script to create the zip file it gives the fatal error

&gt; Fatal error: Class `ZipArchive` not found in ...

where I put the code 

    $zip = new ZipArchive;
    var_dump($zip);
    $res = $zip-&gt;open($filename, ZipArchive::OVERWRITE);
    if ($res !== TRUE) {
    	echo &#39;Error: Unable to create zip file&#39;;
    	exit;
    }
    if (is_file($src)) {
    	$zip-&gt;addFile($src);
    } else {
    	// echo &quot;&lt;br&gt;&quot; . dirname(__FILE__) . $src;//&#39;/install1&#39;;
    	if (!is_dir($src)) {
    		 $zip-&gt;close();
    		 @unlink($filename);
    		 echo &#39;Error: File not found&#39;;
    		 exit;
    	}
    	recurse_zip($src, $zip, $path_length);
    }
    $zip-&gt;close();
    echo &quot;&lt;br&gt;file name &quot;.$filename;

but it doesn&#39;t find the class file. 

Please tell me the solution. What should I do to resolve the problem?
I also put `php.ini` file to the folder where script is, but it does not work.

Fatal error: Class &#39;ZipArchive&#39; not found in

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [PHP class instantiation. To use or not to use the parentheses?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1945989/php-class-instantiation-to-use-or-not-to-use-the-parentheses)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

I have not found any official documentation on this. But afaik it doesn&#39;t matter whether a class is instantiated with our without the parentheses - as long as there are no parameters involved, right?

    $car = new Car;
or

    $car = new Car();

But can anyone tell me if there&#39;s a difference in performance? Which way is the &#39;more correct&#39; way? Is there any official documentation for this?

Instantiate a class with or without parentheses?

Is there a way to call the method of a class from another class? I am looking for something like PHP&#39;s `call_user_func_array()`. 
Here is what I want to happen:

    class A:
        def method1(arg1, arg2):
            ...

    class B:
        A.method1(1, 2)

Call Class Method From Another Class

I&#39;ve always been amazed/frustrated with how long it takes to simply output to the terminal with a print statement.  After some recent painfully slow logging I decided to look into it and was quite surprised to find that almost **all** the time spent is waiting for the terminal to process the results.

Can writing to stdout be sped up somehow?

I wrote a script (&#39;`print_timer.py`&#39; at the bottom of this question) to compare timing when writing 100k lines to stdout, to file, and with stdout redirected to `/dev/null`.  Here is the timing result:

    $ python print_timer.py
    this is a test
    this is a test
    &lt;snipped 99997 lines&gt;
    this is a test
    -----
    timing summary (100k lines each)
    -----
    print                         :11.950 s
    write to file (+ fsync)       : 0.122 s
    print with stdout = /dev/null : 0.050 s

Wow.  To make sure python isn&#39;t doing something behind the scenes like recognizing that I reassigned stdout to /dev/null or something, I did the redirection outside the script...

    $ python print_timer.py &gt; /dev/null
    -----
    timing summary (100k lines each)
    -----
    print                         : 0.053 s
    write to file (+fsync)        : 0.108 s
    print with stdout = /dev/null : 0.045 s

So it isn&#39;t a python trick, it is just the terminal.  I always knew dumping output to /dev/null sped things up, but never figured it was that significant!

It amazes me how slow the tty is.  How can it be that writing to physical disk is WAY faster than writing to the &quot;screen&quot; (presumably an all-RAM op), and is effectively as fast as simply dumping to the garbage with /dev/null?

[This link][1] talks about how the terminal will block I/O so it can _&quot;parse [the input], update its frame buffer, communicate with the X server in order to scroll the window and so on&quot;_... but I don&#39;t fully get it.  What can be taking so long?

I expect there is no way out (short of a faster tty implementation?) but figure I&#39;d ask anyway.


----------
UPDATE: after reading some comments I wondered how much impact my screen size actually has on the print time, and it does have some significance.  The really slow numbers above are with my Gnome terminal blown up to 1920x1200.  If I reduce it very small I get...

    -----
    timing summary (100k lines each)
    -----
    print                         : 2.920 s
    write to file (+fsync)        : 0.121 s
    print with stdout = /dev/null : 0.048 s

That is certainly better (~4x), but doesn&#39;t change my question.  It only _adds_ to my question as I don&#39;t understand why the terminal screen rendering should slow down an application writing to stdout.  Why does my program need to wait for screen rendering to continue?

Are all terminal/tty apps not created equal?  I have yet to experiment.  It really seems to me like a terminal should be able to buffer all incoming data, parse/render it invisibly, and only render the most recent chunk that is visible in the current screen configuration at a sensible frame rate.  So if I can write+fsync to disk in ~0.1 seconds, a terminal should be able to complete the same operation in something of that order (with maybe a few screen updates while it did it).

I&#39;m still kind of hoping there is a tty setting that can be changed from the application side to make this behaviour better for programmer.  If this is strictly a terminal application issue, then this maybe doesn&#39;t even belong on StackOverflow?

What am I missing?

----------


Here is the python program used to generate the timing:

    import time, sys, tty
    import os
    
    lineCount = 100000
    line = &quot;this is a test&quot;
    summary = &quot;&quot;
    
    cmd = &quot;print&quot;
    startTime_s = time.time()
    for x in range(lineCount):
        print line
    t = time.time() - startTime_s
    summary += &quot;%-30s:%6.3f s\n&quot; % (cmd, t)
    
    #Add a newline to match line outputs above...
    line += &quot;\n&quot;
    
    cmd = &quot;write to file (+fsync)&quot;
    fp = file(&quot;out.txt&quot;, &quot;w&quot;)
    startTime_s = time.time()
    for x in range(lineCount):
        fp.write(line)
    os.fsync(fp.fileno())
    t = time.time() - startTime_s
    summary += &quot;%-30s:%6.3f s\n&quot; % (cmd, t)
    
    cmd = &quot;print with stdout = /dev/null&quot;
    sys.stdout = file(os.devnull, &quot;w&quot;)
    startTime_s = time.time()
    for x in range(lineCount):
        fp.write(line)
    t = time.time() - startTime_s
    summary += &quot;%-30s:%6.3f s\n&quot; % (cmd, t)
    
    print &gt;&gt; sys.stderr, &quot;-----&quot;
    print &gt;&gt; sys.stderr, &quot;timing summary (100k lines each)&quot;
    print &gt;&gt; sys.stderr, &quot;-----&quot;
    print &gt;&gt; sys.stderr, summary


  [1]: http://www.linusakesson.net/programming/tty/index.php

Why is printing to stdout so slow? Can it be sped up?

[`string.split()`][1] returns a _list_ instance. Is there a version that returns a [_generator_][2] instead? Are there any reasons against having a generator version? 

  [1]: http://docs.python.org/library/stdtypes.html#str.split
  [2]: http://docs.python.org/tutorial/classes.html#generators

Is there a generator version of `string.split()` in Python?

I need a working approach of getting all classes that are inherited from a base class in Python.

How to find all the subclasses of a class given its name?

I&#39;d like to plot a normalized histogram from a vector using `matplotlib`.  I tried the following:

    plt.hist(myarray, normed=True)

as well as:

    plt.hist(myarray, normed=1)

but neither option produces a y-axis from [0, 1] such that the bar heights of the histogram sum to 1.

Plot a histogram such that bar heights sum to 1 (probability)

Not to be confused with how to split a string parsing wise, e.g.:&lt;br&gt;
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/236129/how-to-split-a-string

I am a bit confused as to how to split a string onto multiple lines in c++.

This sounds like a simple question, but take the following example:

    #include &lt;iostream&gt;
    #include &lt;string&gt;
    main() {
      //Gives error
      std::string my_val =&quot;Hello world, this is an overly long string to have&quot; +
        &quot; on just one line&quot;;
      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;My Val is : &quot; &lt;&lt; my_val &lt;&lt; std::endl;
    
      //Gives error
      std::string my_val =&quot;Hello world, this is an overly long string to have&quot; &amp;
        &quot; on just one line&quot;;  
      std::cout &lt;&lt; &quot;My Val is : &quot; &lt;&lt; my_val &lt;&lt; std::endl;
    }

I realize that I could use the `std::string` `append()` method, but I was wondering if there was any shorter/more elegant (e.g. more pythonlike, though obviously triple quotes etc. aren&#39;t supported in c++) way to break strings in c++ onto multiple lines for sake of readability.

One place where this would be particularly desirable is when you&#39;re passing long string literals to a function (for example a sentence).

Splitting C++ Strings Onto Multiple Lines (Code Syntax, Not Parsing)

How can I count the number of `&quot;_&quot;` in a string like `&quot;bla_bla_blabla_bla&quot;`?

Count character occurrences in a string in C++

How do I find multiple occurrences of a string within a string in Python? Consider this:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; text = &quot;Allowed Hello Hollow&quot;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; text.find(&quot;ll&quot;)
    1
    &gt;&gt;&gt; 

So the first occurrence of `ll` is at 1 as expected. How do I find the next occurrence of it?

Same question is valid for a list. Consider:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; x = [&#39;ll&#39;, &#39;ok&#39;, &#39;ll&#39;]

How do I find all the `ll` with their indexes? 



Finding multiple occurrences of a string within a string in Python

This is probably a  very simple question for some, but it has me stumped.  Can you use variables within python&#39;s triple-quotes?

 In the following example, how do use variables in the text:

    wash_clothes = &#39;tuesdays&#39;
    clean_dishes = &#39;never&#39;
    
    mystring =&quot;&quot;&quot; I like to wash clothes on %wash_clothes
    I like to clean dishes %clean_dishes
    &quot;&quot;&quot;
    
    print(mystring)

I would like it to result in:

     I like to wash clothes on tuesdays
         I like to clean dishes never

If not what is the best way to handle large chunks of text where you need a couple variables, and there is a ton of text and special characters?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Rajasekar	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Php	SilentGhost	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Php	Peter Smit	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What is for Python what 'explode' is for PHP?

Php Problem Overview

Php Solutions

Solution 1 - Php

Solution 2 - Php

How to iterate through all git branches using bash script

PHP Function with Optional Parameters

Attributions