Type `pip install -h` to list help:

&gt;   -U, --upgrade         Upgrade all packages to the newest available version

So, if you already *have* a package installed, it will upgrade the package for you. Without the -U switch it&#39;ll tell you the package is already installed and exit.

Each `pip` subcommand has its own help listing. `pip -h` shows you overall help, and `pip [subcommand] -h` gives you help for that sub command, such as `install`.

You can also find the [full reference documentation online](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/); the [*General Options* section](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip/#general-options) covers switches available for every `pip` subcommand, while each subcommand has a separate *Options* section to cover subcommand-specific switches; see the [*`pip install` options* section](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_install/#options), for example.

I&#39;d like to update a table with Django - something like this in raw SQL:

    update tbl_name set name = &#39;foo&#39; where name = &#39;bar&#39;

My first result is something like this - but that&#39;s nasty, isn&#39;t it?

    list = ModelClass.objects.filter(name = &#39;bar&#39;)
    for obj in list:
        obj.name = &#39;foo&#39;
        obj.save()

Is there a more elegant way?

How to &#39;bulk update&#39; with Django?

I am aware .capitalize() capitalizes the first letter of a string but what if the first character is a integer?

this

    1bob
    5sandy
    

to this

    1Bob
    5Sandy

python capitalize first letter only

Despite a ton of Googling, I can&#39;t find any docs for pip&#39;s command line options/arguments. What does `pip install -U` mean? Does anyone have a link to a list of pip&#39;s options and arguments?
   

What does the &quot;-U&quot; option stand for in pip install -U

<p>Despite a ton of Googling, I can't find any docs for pip's command line options/arguments. What does <code>pip install -U</code> mean? Does anyone have a link to a list of pip's options and arguments?</p>


I want to fire off a function every 0.5 seconds and be able to start and stop and reset the timer. I&#39;m not too knowledgeable of how Python threads work and am having difficulties with the python timer.

However, I keep getting `RuntimeError: threads can only be started once` when I execute `threading.timer.start()` twice. Is there a work around for this? I tried applying `threading.timer.cancel()` before each start.

Pseudo code:

    t=threading.timer(0.5,function)
    while True:
        t.cancel()
        t.start()



threading.Timer - repeat function every &#39;n&#39; seconds

Just for curiosity I would like to know how to do this in the code below. I have been searching for an answer but is useless.

    import numpy as np
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    data=np.random.exponential(scale=180, size=10000)
    print (&#39;el valor medio de la distribucion exponencial es: &#39;)
    print np.average(data)
    plt.hist(data,bins=len(data)**0.5,normed=True, cumulative=True, facecolor=&#39;red&#39;, label=&#39;datos tamano paqutes acumulativa&#39;, alpha=0.5)
    plt.legend()
    plt.xlabel(&#39;algo&#39;)
    plt.ylabel(&#39;algo&#39;)
    plt.grid()
    plt.show()

How to maximize a plt.show() window using Python

I currently use Cython to link C and Python, and get speedup in slow bits of python code. However, I&#39;d like to use goroutines to implement a really slow (and very parallelizable) bit of code, but it must be callable from python. (I&#39;ve already seen [this question][1])

I&#39;m (sort of) happy to go via C (or Cython) to set up data structures etc if necessary, but avoiding this extra layer would be good from a bug fix/avoidance point of view.

What is the simplest way to do this without having to reinvent any wheels?


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1743526/differences-between-go-and-cython

Writing a Python extension in Go (Golang)

I am creating a figure in Matplotlib like this:

    from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

    fig = plt.figure()
    plt.plot(data)
    fig.suptitle(&#39;test title&#39;)
    plt.xlabel(&#39;xlabel&#39;)
    plt.ylabel(&#39;ylabel&#39;)
    fig.savefig(&#39;test.jpg&#39;)

I want to specify font sizes for the figure title and the axis labels. I need all three to be different font sizes, so setting a global font size (`mpl.rcParams[&#39;font.size&#39;]=x`) is not what I want. How do I set font sizes for the figure title and the axis labels individually?



How do I set the figure title and axes labels font size in Matplotlib?

Using Selenium and the Chrome Driver I do:

`links = browser.find_elements_by_partial_link_text(&#39;##&#39;)` matches about 160 links.

If I try, 

    for link in links:
        print link.text
with it I get the text of all the links:

    ##1
    ##2
    ...
    ##160

The links are like this:

    &lt;a href=&quot;1.html&quot;&gt;##1&lt;/a&gt;
    &lt;a href=&quot;2.html&quot;&gt;##2&lt;/a&gt;
    ...
    &lt;a href=&quot;160.html&quot;&gt;##160&lt;/a&gt;


How can I get the `href` attribute of all the links found?


How can I get the href of elements found by partial link text?

I want to change the *rpath* of an executable using `install_name_tool`, but I can&#39;t figure out what the *rpath* is right now. `install_name_tool` requires both the old and the new *rpath*&#39;s to be given on the commandline. What command can I use to print the *rpath* of an executable under macOS?

Print rpath of an executable on macOS

For example, my terminal does this:

    $ echo -e &quot;\xE2\x98\xA0&quot;
    ���

I expect it to do this:

    $ echo -e &quot;\xE2\x98\xA0&quot;
    ☠

Why? How do I make my terminal output the proper unicode symbols?

I&#39;m using Gnome 3&#39;s Terminal on Arch Linux.

The output of `locale` shows:

    LANG=C
    LC_CTYPE=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_NUMERIC=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_TIME=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_COLLATE=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_MONETARY=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_MESSAGES=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_PAPER=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_NAME=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_ADDRESS=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_TELEPHONE=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_MEASUREMENT=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_IDENTIFICATION=&quot;C&quot;
    LC_ALL=


Why doesn&#39;t my terminal output unicode characters properly?

Is it possible in Windows to get a folder&#39;s size from the command line without using any 3rd party tool?

I want the same result as you would get when right clicking the folder in the windows explorer → properties.

Get Folder Size from Windows Command Line

Python&#39;s [http.server](https://docs.python.org/3/library/http.server.html) (or SimpleHTTPServer for Python 2) is a great way of serve the contents of the current directory from the command line:

    python -m http.server

However, as far as web servers go, it&#39;s very slooooow...

It behaves as though it&#39;s single threaded, and occasionally causes timeout errors when loading JavaScript AMD modules using RequireJS. It can take five to ten seconds to load a simple page with no images.

What&#39;s a faster alternative that is just as convenient?

What is a faster alternative to Python&#39;s http.server (or SimpleHTTPServer)?

I am trying to merge multiple linux commands in one line to perform deployment operation.
For example

    cd /my_folder
    rm *.jar
    svn co path to repo
    mvn compile package install



Execute combine multiple Linux commands in one line

I have dependency_links in my setup.py: 

    ...
    dependency_links = [&#39;http://github.com/robot-republic/python-s3/tarball/master.tar.gz#egg=python-s3&#39;],
    ...

But it doesn&#39;t work. However install_requires works fine.
Maybe there are another method to set up git repo as required for setup.py?

pip ignores dependency_links in setup.py

I&#39;m trying to setup virtualenvwrapper on OSX, and all the instructions and tutorials I&#39;ve found tell me to add a source command to .profile, pointing towards virtualenvwrapper.sh. I&#39;ve checked all the python and site-packages directories, and I can&#39;t find any virtualenvwrapper.sh. Is this something I need to download separately? Is pip not installing correctly?

This is the contents of /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenvwrapper:

    hook_loader.py		hook_loader.pyc		project.py		project.pyc		user_scripts.py		user_scripts.pyc

As you can see, no virtualenvwrapper.sh. Where is it?

Where is virtualenvwrapper.sh after pip install?

Is there any way to force install a pip python package ignoring all it&#39;s dependencies that cannot be satisfied?

(I don&#39;t care how &quot;wrong&quot; it is to do so, I just need to do it, any logic and reasoning aside...)

pip: force install ignoring dependencies

I have a pip requirements file that changes during development.

Can `pip` be made to **uninstall** packages that do not appear in the requirements file as well as installing those that do appear? Is there a standard method?

This would allow the pip requirements file to be the canonical list of packages - an &#39;if and only if&#39; approach.

**Update**: I suggested it as a new feature at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/716

How can I use a pip requirements file to uninstall as well as install packages?

I want to use the [gntp module](https://github.com/kfdm/gntp) to display toaster-like notifications for C/C++ software. I want to package all the dependencies for the software to be self-executable on another computer.

The `gntp` module is only available through the `pip` installer, which cannot be used (the computer running the software does not have an internet connection)

How can I install it from source?

I would prefer not to force the user to install `easy_install`/`pip` and manually add the pip path to the `%PATH`.


PS: I&#39;m using Python 2.7 on a Windows machine.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	zakdances	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Martijn Pieters	View Answer on Stackoverflow

What does the "-U" option stand for in pip install -U

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

python capitalize first letter only

How to 'bulk update' with Django?

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