They&#39;re identical.

`UTF8Encoding` inherits `Encoding`.  
Therefore, you can access all of the static members declared by `Encoding` through the `UTF8Encoding` qualifier.

In fact, you can even write `ASCIIEncoding.UTF8`, and it will still work.

It will compile to identical IL, even in debug mode.

---
I would recommend using `Encoding.UTF8`, as it shows what&#39;s going on more clearly.

My team is working with a third party CMS that uses Solr as a search index.  I&#39;ve noticed that it seems like the authors are using Solr as a database of sorts in that each document returned contains two fields:

 1. The Solr document ID (basically a classname and database id)
 2. An XML representation of the entire object

So basically it runs a search against Solr, download the XML representation of the object, and then instantiate the object from the XML rather than looking it up in the database using the id.

My gut feeling tells me this is a bad practice.  Solr is a search index, not a database... so it makes more sense to me to execute our complex searches against Solr, get the document ids, and then pull the corresponding rows out of the database.

Is the current implementation perfectly sound, or is there data to support the idea that this is ripe for refactoring?

**EDIT:** When I say &quot;XML representation&quot; - I mean one stored field that contains an XML string of all of the object&#39;s properties, not multiple stored fields.

Using Solr search index as a database - is this &quot;wrong&quot;?

I am using mysql and mysql workbench. I created 5 tables with innodb engine. I checked their engine and it was innodb before I insert data into them. I inserted data from 5 MyISAM tables and now my innodb tables are MyISAM. I can&#39;t change them. I used the alter table engine=innodb but it doesn&#39;t work.


Changing Table Engine in MySQL

When I create a WebClient to consume some RESTful xml, I can specify the unicode encoding 2 ways:

	WebClient wc = new WebClient ();
	wc.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
	wc.Encoding = UTF8Encoding.UTF8;

Which is correct/better ?


WebClient Unicode - Which UTF8?

When I create a WebClient to consume some RESTful xml, I can specify the unicode encoding 2 ways:
<pre><code class="hljs language-ini">WebClient wc = new WebClient ();
wc.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
wc.Encoding = UTF8Encoding.UTF8;
</code></pre>
Which is correct/better ?



Just have a problem here that I have no idea how to fix. I am doing a small project which involves a GUI and serial data. The GUI is being run by the main thread and since the data variables that hold my incoming serial data need to be updated continuously, these are being updated in a second thread. The problem is when I need to update some textboxes on the GUI, these need to be updated with data from the secondary thread and that is where my problem lies. I can&#39;t update them directly from the secondary thread and I have no idea how I would transfer data from my secondary thread and work out a system of updating them from main thread. I have put my code below:

Any help would be great.



    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows;
    using System.Windows.Controls;
    using System.Windows.Data;
    using System.Windows.Documents;
    using System.Windows.Input;
    using System.Windows.Media;
    using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
    using System.Windows.Navigation;
    using System.Windows.Shapes;
    using System.IO;
    using System.IO.Ports;
    using System.Threading;
    
    namespace GUIBike
    {
        /// &lt;summary&gt;
        /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
        /// &lt;/summary&gt;
        public partial class MainWindow : Window
        {
            public static string inputdata;
            public static int MaximumSpeed, maximumRiderInput, RiderInput, Time, CurrentSpeed, DistanceTravelled, MaximumMotorOutput, MotorOutput, InputSpeed;
            public static string SaveDataString;
            public Thread Serial;
            public static SerialPort SerialData;
            public static string[] portlist = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
            public static string[] SaveData = new string[4];
            public static string directory = &quot;C:\\&quot;;
    
            public MainWindow()
            {
                Serial = new Thread(ReadData);
                InitializeComponent();
                int Count = 0;
                for (Count = 0; Count &lt; portlist.Length; Count++)
                {
                    ComPortCombo.Items.Add(portlist[Count]);
                }
            }
    
            private void StartDataButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                SerialData = new SerialPort(ComPortCombo.Text, 19200, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One);
                SerialData.Open();
                SerialData.WriteLine(&quot;P&quot;);
                Serial.Start();
                StartDataButton.IsEnabled = false;
                EndDataButton.IsEnabled = true;
                ComPortCombo.IsEnabled = false;
                CurrentSpeed = 0;
                MaximumSpeed = 0;
                Time = 0;
                DistanceTravelled = 0;
                MotorOutput = 0;
                RiderInput = 0;
                SaveData[0] = &quot;&quot;;
                SaveData[1] = &quot;&quot;;
                SaveData[2] = &quot;&quot;;
                SaveData[3] = &quot;&quot;;
                SaveDataButton.IsEnabled = false;
                if (SerialData.IsOpen)
                {
                    ComPortStatusLabel.Content = &quot;OPEN&quot;;
                    SerialData.NewLine = &quot;/n&quot;;
                    SerialData.WriteLine(&quot;0&quot;);
                    SerialData.WriteLine(&quot;/n&quot;);
                }
            }
    
            private void EndDataButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                SerialData.Close();
                SaveDataButton.IsEnabled = true;
                SerialData.WriteLine(&quot;1&quot;);
                SerialData.WriteLine(&quot;0&quot;);
                if (!SerialData.IsOpen)
                {
                    ComPortStatusLabel.Content = &quot;CLOSED&quot;;
                }
                int i = 0;
                for (i = 0; i &lt; 4; i++)
                {
                    if (i == 0)
                    {
                        SaveDataString = &quot;MaximumSpeed during the Ride was = &quot; + Convert.ToString(MaximumSpeed) + &quot;m/h&quot;;
                        SaveData[i] = SaveDataString;
                    }
                    if (i == 1)
                    {
                        SaveDataString = &quot;Total Distance Travelled = &quot; + Convert.ToString(DistanceTravelled) + &quot;m&quot;;
                        SaveData[i] = SaveDataString;
                    }
                    if (i == 2)
                    {
                        SaveDataString = &quot;Maximum Rider Input Power = &quot; + Convert.ToString(maximumRiderInput) + &quot;Watts&quot;;
                        SaveData[i] = SaveDataString;
                    }
                    if (i == 3)
                    {
                        SaveDataString = &quot;Maximum Motor Output Power = &quot; + Convert.ToString(MaximumMotorOutput) + &quot;Watts&quot;;
                        SaveData[i] = SaveDataString;
                    }
                }
            }
    
            private void SaveDataButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                //File.WriteAllBytes(directory + &quot;image&quot; + imageNO + &quot;.txt&quot;, ); //saves the file to Disk    
                File.WriteAllLines(directory + &quot;BikeData.txt&quot;, SaveData);
            }
    
            public void ReadData()
            {
                int counter = 0;
    
                while (SerialData.IsOpen)
                {
                    if (counter == 0)
                    {
                        //try
                        //{
                            InputSpeed = Convert.ToInt16(SerialData.ReadChar());
                            CurrentSpeed = InputSpeed;
                            if (CurrentSpeed &gt; MaximumSpeed)
                            {
                                MaximumSpeed = CurrentSpeed;
                            }
                            SpeedTextBox.Text = &quot;Current Wheel Speed = &quot; + Convert.ToString(CurrentSpeed) + &quot;Km/h&quot;;
                            DistanceTravelled = DistanceTravelled + (Convert.ToInt16(CurrentSpeed) * Time);
                            DistanceTravelledTextBox.Text = &quot;Total Distance Travelled = &quot; + Convert.ToString(DistanceTravelled) + &quot;Km&quot;;
                        //}
                        //catch (Exception) { }
                    }
                    if (counter == 1)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            RiderInput = Convert.ToInt16(SerialData.ReadLine());
                            if (RiderInput &gt; maximumRiderInput)
                            {
                                maximumRiderInput = RiderInput;
                            }
                            RiderInputTextBox.Text = &quot;Current Rider Input Power =&quot; + Convert.ToString(RiderInput) + &quot;Watts&quot;;
                        }
                        catch (Exception) { }
                    }
                    if (counter == 2)
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            MotorOutput = Convert.ToInt16(SerialData.ReadLine());
                            if (MotorOutput &gt; MaximumMotorOutput)
                            {
                                MaximumMotorOutput = MotorOutput;
                            }
    
                            MotorOutputTextBox.Text = &quot;Current Motor Output = &quot; + Convert.ToString(MotorOutput) + &quot;Watts&quot;;
                        }
                        catch (Exception) { }
                    }
                    counter++;
                    if (counter == 3)
                    {
                        counter = 0;
                    }
                }
            }
    
            private void ComPortCombo_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
            {
                StartDataButton.IsEnabled = true;
            }
    
    
            private void Window_Closed(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
            {
                if (SerialData.IsOpen)
                {
                    SerialData.Close();
                }
            }


Updating GUI (WPF) using a different thread

I&#39;m using EF4 and new to it. I have a many to many in my project and cannot seem to work out how to insert or update. I have build a small project just to see how it should be coded.

Suppose I have 3 tables

 1. Class : ClassID-ClassName 
 2. Student : StudentID-FirstName-Surname
 3. StudentClass : StudentID-ClassID

After adding all the relationship and updated the model via model browser I have noticed that StudentClass does not appear, this seems to be default behaviour.

Now I need to do both an Insert and Update. How do you do it? Any code samples or link where I can download an example, or can you spare 5 mins?

Insert/Update Many to Many Entity Framework . How do I do it?

Many times, when generating messages to show to the user, the message will contain a number of *something* that I want to inform the customer about. 

I&#39;ll give an example: The customer has selected a number of items from 1 and up, and has clicked delete. Now I want to give a confirmation message to the customer, and I want to mention the number of items he has selected to minimize the chance of him making a mistake by selecting a bunch of items and clicking delete when he only wants to delete one of them.

One way is to make the generic message like this:

    int noofitemsselected = SomeFunction();
    string message = &quot;You have selected &quot; + noofitemsselected + &quot; item(s). Are you sure you want to delete it/them?&quot;;

The &quot;problem&quot; here is the case where `noofitemselected` is 1, and we have to write *item* and *it* instead of *items* and *them*.

My normal solution will be something like this

    int noofitemsselected = SomeFunction();
    string message = &quot;You have selected &quot; + noofitemsselected + &quot; &quot; + (noofitemsselected==1?&quot;item&quot; : &quot;items&quot;) + &quot;. Are you sure you want to delete &quot; + (noofitemsselected==1?&quot;it&quot; : &quot;them&quot;) + &quot;?&quot;;

This gets quite long and quite nasty really fast if there are many references to the numbers plurality inside the code, and the actual message gets hard to read.

So my questions is simply. Are there any better ways of generating messages like this?

**EDIT**

I see a lot of persons has got very hung up in the case that I mentioned that the message should be displayed inside a message box, and has simply given an answer of how to avoid using the message box at all, and that is all good.

But remember that the problem of pluralization also apply to texts other places in the program in addition to message boxes. For example, a label alongside a grid displaying the number of lines selected in the grid will have the same problem regarding pluralization.

So this basically apply to most text that is outputted in some way from programs, and then the solution is not as simple as to just change the program to not output text anymore :)

Plurality in user messages

I want to get the files in folder and also in its subfolders.The following code does not get the files in its subfolder:

    string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(txtFolderPath.Text, &quot;*ProfileHandler.cs&quot;);

Can anyone Please tell me how to implement this in c# .net?

How to loop through all the files in a directory in c # .net?

I&#39;m creating a web request in ASP.NET and I need to add a bunch of data to the body. How do I do that?

    var request = HttpWebRequest.Create(targetURL);
    request.Method = &quot;PUT&quot;;
    response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

Setting a WebRequest&#39;s body data

I have a DateTime variable:

    DateTime date = DateTime.Now;

I want to change the time part of a DateTime variable. But when I tried to access time part (hh:mm:ss) these fields are readonly.

Can&#39;t I set these properties?





How to set only time part of a DateTime variable in C#

What is the difference between OpenWrap and NuGet. And what you prefer ?

OpenWrap vs NuGet

I have an array defined:

    int [,] ary;
    // ...
    int nArea = ary.Length; // x*y or total area

This is all well and good, but I need to know how wide this array is in the `x` and `y` dimensions individually. Namely, `ary.Length` might return 12 - but does that mean the array is 4 high and 3 wide, or 6 high and 2 wide?

How can I retrieve this information?

How do you get the width and height of a multi-dimensional array?

Whilst playing around in an open source project, my attempt to _ToString_ a DateTime object was thwarted by the compiler. When I jumped to the definition, I saw this:

    public DateTime? timestamp;

Might someone please enlighten me on what this is called and why it might be useful?

What does one question mark following a variable declaration mean?

I have `.txt` and `.java` files and I don&#39;t know how to determine the encoding table of the files (Unicode, UTF-8, ISO-8525, …). Does there exist any program to determine the file encoding or to see the encoding?

How to determine encoding table of a text file

I learnt from Google that Internationalization is the process by which I can make my 
web application to use all languages. I want to understand Unicode for the process of internationalization, so I learnt about Unicode from [here][1] and [there][2].

I am able to understand about Unicode that how a charset set in encoded to bytes and again bytes decoded to charset. But I don&#39;t know how to move forward further. I want to learn how to compare strings and I need to know how to implement internationalization in my web application. Any Suggestions Please? Please guide me. 

**My Objective:**

My main objective is to develop a Web Application for Translation (English to Arabic &amp; vice versa). I want to follow Internationalization. I wish to run my web Application for translation in all the three browsers namely FF, Chrome, IE. How do I achieve this?
 
  [1]: http://balusc.blogspot.com/2009/05/unicode-how-to-get-characters-right.html
  [2]: http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/Unicode.html
  [3]: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4255436/my-language-translation-does-not-work-in-google-chrome-and-ie

How to internationalize/localize a JSP/Servlet web application?

Many modern regex implementations interpret the `\w` character class shorthand as &quot;any letter, digit, or connecting punctuation&quot; (usually: underscore). That way, a regex like `\w+` matches words like `hello`, `&#233;l&#232;ve`, `GO&#196;_432` or `gefr&#228;&#223;ig`.

Unfortunately, Java doesn&#39;t. In Java, `\w` is limited to `[A-Za-z0-9_]`. This makes matching words like those mentioned above difficult, among other problems.

It also appears that the `\b` word separator matches in places where it shouldn&#39;t. 

What would be the correct equivalent of a .NET-like, Unicode-aware `\w` or `\b` in Java? Which other shortcuts need &quot;rewriting&quot; to make them Unicode-aware?

Unicode equivalents for \w and \b in Java regular expressions?

Setting the default output encoding in Python 2 is a well-known idiom:

    sys.stdout = codecs.getwriter(&quot;utf-8&quot;)(sys.stdout)

This wraps the `sys.stdout` object in a codec writer that encodes output in UTF-8.

However, this technique does not work in Python 3 because `sys.stdout.write()` expects a `str`, but the result of encoding is `bytes`, and an error occurs when `codecs` tries to write the encoded bytes to the original `sys.stdout`.

What is the correct way to do this in Python 3?


How to set sys.stdout encoding in Python 3?

I need to fetch data from a URL with non-ascii characters but urllib2.urlopen refuses to open the resource and raises:

    UnicodeEncodeError: &#39;ascii&#39; codec can&#39;t encode character u&#39;\u0131&#39; in position 26: ordinal not in range(128)

I know the URL is not standards compliant but I have no chance to change it. 

What is the way to access a resource pointed by a URL containing non-ascii characters using Python?

**edit:** In other words, can / how urlopen open a URL like:

    http://example.org/&#209;&#246;&#241;-&#197;Ş&#199;İİ/



How to fetch a non-ascii url with urlopen?

I&#39;ve got an `std::string content` that I know contains UTF-8 data. I want to convert it to a [`QString`][1]. How do I do that, avoiding the from-ASCII conversion in Qt?


  [1]: http://doc.qt.io/qt-4.8/qstring.html

Convert std::string to QString

I&#39;ve got this very simple thing that just outputs some stuff in CSV format, but it&#39;s got to be UTF-8. I open this file in TextEdit or TextMate or Dreamweaver and it displays UTF-8 characters properly, but if I open it in Excel it&#39;s doing this silly &#237;&#196; kind of thing instead. Here&#39;s what I&#39;ve got at the head of my document:

	header(&quot;content-type:application/csv;charset=UTF-8&quot;);
	header(&quot;Content-Disposition:attachment;filename=\&quot;CHS.csv\&quot;&quot;);

This all seems to have the desired effect except Excel (Mac, 2008) doesn&#39;t want to import it properly. There&#39;s no options in Excel for me to &quot;open as UTF-8&quot; or anything, so … I&#39;m getting a little annoyed.


I can&#39;t seem to find any clear solutions to this anywhere, despite a lot of people having the same problem. The thing I see the most is to include the BOM, but I can&#39;t exactly figure out how to do that. As you can see above I&#39;m just `echo`ing this data, I&#39;m not writing any file. I can do that if I need to, I&#39;m just not because there doesn&#39;t seem like a need for it at this point. Any help?

Update: I tried echoing the BOM as `echo pack(&quot;CCC&quot;, 0xef, 0xbb, 0xbf);` which I just pulled from a site that was trying to detect the BOM. But Excel just appends those three characters to the very first cell when it imports, and still messes up the special characters.

How can I output a UTF-8 CSV in PHP that Excel will read properly?

I&#39;m having a problem with UTF8 encoding in my asp.net mvc 2 application in C#. I&#39;m trying let user download a simple text file from a string. I am trying to get bytes array with the following line:

`var x = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(csvString);`

but when I return it for download using: 

`return File(x, ..., ...);`

I get a file which is without BOM so I don&#39;t get Croatian characters shown up correctly. This is because my bytes array does not include BOM after encoding. I triend inserting those bytes manually and then it shows up correctly, but that&#39;s not the best way to do it.

I also tried creating UTF8Encoding class instance and passing a boolean value (true) to its constructor to include BOM, but it doesn&#39;t work either.

Anyone has a solution? Thanks!

How to GetBytes() in C# with UTF8 encoding with BOM?

According to MySQL, a `text` column holds 65,535 bytes.

So if this a legitimate boundary then will it actually only fit about 32k UTF-8 characters, right? Or is this one of those &quot;fuzzy&quot; boundaries where the guys that wrote the docs can&#39;t tell characters from bytes and it will actually allow ~64k UTF-8 characters if set to something like `utf8_general_ci`?

How much UTF-8 text fits in a MySQL &quot;Text&quot; field?

I have a simple search form in my Rails 3 app:

    &lt;%= form_tag search_path, :method =&gt; &quot;get&quot; do %&gt;
      &lt;%= text_field_tag :q, params[:q] %&gt;
      &lt;%= submit_tag &quot;search&quot;, :name =&gt; nil %&gt;
    &lt;% end %&gt;

When the user hits the submit button, they get taken to the URL: http://myapp.com/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;q=foobar
(where `%E2%9C%93` gets displayed as a checkmark: ✓).

I&#39;m not doing anything with the `utf8` parameter, so I want to keep the URL clean by removing it entirely. That is, I want users to get taken to the URL: http://myapp.com/search?q=foobar instead.

How do I do this?

Removing &quot;utf8=✓&quot; from Rails 3 form submissions

What difference is there between the `WebClient` and the `HttpWebRequest` classes in .NET? They both do very similar things. In fact, why weren&#39;t they merged into one class (too many methods/variables etc may be one reason but there are other classes in .NET which breaks that rule).

Thanks.

What difference is there between WebClient and HTTPWebRequest classes in .NET?

I need to use &quot;HTTP Post&quot; with WebClient to post some data to a specific URL I have.

Now, I know this can be accomplished with WebRequest but for some reasons I want to use WebClient instead. Is that possible? If so, can someone show me some example or point me to the right direction?

How to post data to specific URL using WebClient in C#

I&#39;m switching my code form XML to JSON. 

But I can&#39;t find how to get a JSON string from a given URL. 

The URL is something like this: &quot;https://api.facebook.com/method/fql.query?query=.....&amp;format=json&quot;

I used XDocuments before, there I could use the load method:

    XDocument doc = XDocument.load(&quot;URL&quot;);

What is the equivalent of this method for JSON? I&#39;m using JSON.NET.

How to get a JSON string from URL?

The following code:

    var text = (new WebClient()).DownloadString(&quot;http://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=au:Freidel_L*&amp;start=0&amp;max_results=20&quot;));

results in a variable `text` that contains, among many other things, the string

&gt; &quot;$&#206;&#186;$-Minkowski space, scalar field, and the issue of Lorentz invariance&quot;

However, when I visit that URL in Firefox, I get

&gt; $κ$-Minkowski space, scalar field, and the issue of Lorentz invariance

which is actually correct. I also tried

    var data = (new WebClient()).DownloadData(&quot;http://export.arxiv.org/api/query?search_query=au:Freidel_L*&amp;start=0&amp;max_results=20&quot;);
    var text = System.Text.UTF8Encoding.Default.GetString(data);

but this gave the same problem.

I&#39;m not sure where the fault lies here. Is the feed lying about being UTF8-encoded, and the browser is smart enough to figure that out, but not `WebClient`? Is the feed properly UTF8-encoded, but `WebClient` is failing in some other way? What can I do to mitigate this?

WebClient.DownloadString results in mangled characters due to encoding issues, but the browser is OK

Ok i edited my code i dont get errors but the messageBox.Show return nothing empty box.
Maybe i need to add something in the referrer string ? I didnt understand what is the referrer and what should i put there. And i have a key already im using it in my code.
The key is a long string and im using it in my code i dont use with the referrer. Why it dosent translate the word &quot;hi&quot; ?

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    using System.Globalization;
    using System.IO;
    using System.Net;
    using System.Web;
    using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
    
    
    
    
    namespace WindowsFormsApplication2
    {
        public partial class Form1 : Form
        {
            private JavaScriptSerializer _Serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
    
            public Form1()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
                string f = TranslateText(&quot;hi&quot;, &quot;English&quot;, &quot;German&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
                MessageBox.Show(f);
            }
    
            private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
            }
    
            public string TranslateText(string inputText, string sourceLanguage, string destinationLanguage, string referrer, string apiKey)
    		{
                    string requestUrl = string.Format(
                        &quot;http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/services/language/translate?v=1.0&amp;q={0}&amp;langpair={1}|{2}&amp;key={3}&quot;, 
                        HttpUtility.UrlEncode(inputText), 
                        sourceLanguage.ToLowerInvariant(), 
                        destinationLanguage.ToLowerInvariant(), 
                        apiKey
                    );
    
                    try
                    {
                        HttpWebRequest http = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(requestUrl);
                        http.Referer = referrer;
                        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)http.GetResponse();
                        using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
                        {
                            string responseJson = sr.ReadToEnd();
                            var translation = this._Serializer.Deserialize&lt;Milkshake.Integration.Google.GoogleAjaxResponse&lt;Milkshake.Integration.Google.Translate.TranslationResponse&gt;&gt;(responseJson);
    
                            if (translation != null &amp;&amp; translation.ResponseData != null &amp;&amp; translation.ResponseData.ResponseStatus == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                            {
                                return translation.ResponseData.TranslatedText;
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                return String.Empty;
                            }
                        }
                    }
    		    catch
                    {
                        return String.Empty;
    		    }
    		}
        }
    }



Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Ian Vink	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - C#	SLaks	View Answer on Stackoverflow

WebClient Unicode - Which UTF8?

C# Problem Overview

C# Solutions

Solution 1 - C#

Changing Table Engine in MySQL

Using Solr search index as a database - is this "wrong"?

Attributions