Using scrollIntoView with a fixed position header
JavascriptTwitter BootstrapJavascript Problem Overview
I have a site with a header set to position: fixed. On one of my pages, I use scrollIntoView(true) on an element. My problem is that when scrollIntoView is called, the element gets positioned underneath the header. How would I fix this so that the element is shown just below the header?
I'm using the Bootstrap framework and the header is styled with navbar navbar-fixed-top.
Javascript Solutions
Solution 1 - Javascript
It's a bit hacky but here's a workaround.
var node = 'select your element';
var yourHeight = 'height of your fixed header';
// scroll to your element
node.scrollIntoView(true);
// now account for fixed header
var scrolledY = window.scrollY;
if(scrolledY){
window.scroll(0, scrolledY - yourHeight);
}
Edit:
A modern workaround is to use the CSS scroll-margin-top property in combination with the :target selector. Described in detail: https://www.bram.us/2020/03/01/prevent-content-from-being-hidden-underneath-a-fixed-header-by-using-scroll-margin-top/
Solution 2 - Javascript
Edit: Although less compatible (no Edge + IE compatibility), scroll-margin-top will also solve this, as mentioned in the answer from Arye Eidelman.
You can solve this with CSS, by applying a padding-top and a negative margin-top to the elements that you want to scroll to.
Demo
/* Relevant styles */
.working-inline {
padding-top: 60px;
margin-top: -60px;
}
.working-block {
padding-top: 60px;
margin-top: -60px;
}
/* Allow scrolling to the top */
body {
padding-top: 60px;
}
/* Only for the demo */
body { margin: 0; }
header {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
background-color: tomato;
color: white;
width: 100%;
height: 60px;
line-height: 60px;
text-align: center;
}
[class^='working'],
[class^='broken'] {
font-size: 3rem;
}
<header>
scroll to...
<button class="scroll-to-working-inline">working inline element</button>
<button class="scroll-to-working-block">working block element</button>
<button class="scroll-to-broken">broken element</button>
</header>
<main>
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<a class="working-inline">Working inline</a>
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<div class="working-block">Working block element</div>
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<div class="broken">Broken element</div>
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<p>Char hello world then man pages ascii long salt while char fatal do boolean tunnel in system else foo packet sniffer float terminal int default. Trojan horse ssh ifdef /dev/null chown cache error protocol afk todo rm -rf mainframe piggyback pwned regex xss warez Starcraft try catch stdio.h bubble sort. It's a feature I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that *.* port bypass ip.</p>
<p>Stdio.h epoch mutex flood wannabee do race condition sql access exception. Bar pragma man pages dereference flush todo highjack while buffer bit nak big-endian syn xss salt for d00dz. Leslie Lamport linux server error hexadecimal snarf tunnel in rm -rf firewall then shell all your base are belong to us.</p>
<p>Ascii gcc grep int flood kilo linux access mailbomb hash *.* fork semaphore frack else win bar ssh Leslie Lamport. Man pages strlen cache gnu segfault tarball race condition perl packet sniffer root cookie private chown d00dz January 1, 1970. Rsa public crack bit warez throw for void concurrently ip mutex.</p>
<p>Char hello world then man pages ascii long salt while char fatal do boolean tunnel in system else foo packet sniffer float terminal int default. Trojan horse ssh ifdef /dev/null chown cache error protocol afk todo rm -rf mainframe piggyback pwned regex xss warez Starcraft try catch stdio.h bubble sort. It's a feature I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that *.* port bypass ip.</p>
<p>Stdio.h epoch mutex flood wannabee do race condition sql access exception. Bar pragma man pages dereference flush todo highjack while buffer bit nak big-endian syn xss salt for d00dz. Leslie Lamport linux server error hexadecimal snarf tunnel in rm -rf firewall then shell all your base are belong to us.</p>
<p>Ascii gcc grep int flood kilo linux access mailbomb hash *.* fork semaphore frack else win bar ssh Leslie Lamport. Man pages strlen cache gnu segfault tarball race condition perl packet sniffer root cookie private chown d00dz January 1, 1970. Rsa public crack bit warez throw for void concurrently ip mutex.</p>
</main>
// For demo only, no JS needed for the solution
document.querySelector('.scroll-to-working-inline').addEventListener('click', function() {
document.querySelector('.working-inline').scrollIntoView();
});
document.querySelector('.scroll-to-working-block').addEventListener('click', function() {
document.querySelector('.working-block').scrollIntoView();
});
document.querySelector('.scroll-to-broken').addEventListener('click', function() {
document.querySelector('.broken').scrollIntoView();
});
Solution 3 - Javascript
The following code yields a smooth scroll to the top of the element with an offset for fixed header:
var topOfElement = document.querySelector('#targetElement').offsetTop - XX;
window.scroll({ top: topOfElement, behavior: "smooth" });
Where XX is the height of your fixed header.
Solution 4 - Javascript
scroll-margin-top: $header-height;
For modern browsers: set the scroll-margin-top css property to the desired top offset, on elements that you're linking/scrolling to. (it should probably have been called scroll-offset-top.)
* {
scroll-margin-top: 100px;
}
Docs - Works in modern browsers - Codepen demo
links = [...document.getElementsByClassName("js-link")]
links.forEach(element => {
element.addEventListener("click", e => {
e.preventDefault()
document.getElementById(e.target.dataset.target).scrollIntoView({
behavior: "smooth",
block: "start",
inline: "nearest"
})
})
})
body {
margin: 0;
}
header {
position: sticky;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
height: 100px;
background: #eee;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
}
header a {
padding: 0.5em;
}
h1 {
padding: 0.7em;
}
* {
scroll-margin-top: 100px;
}
p {
padding: 1em;
}
<header>
<h1>page title</h1>
<nav>
<a href="#p1" class="js-link" data-target="p1">1</a>
<a href="#p2" class="js-link" data-target="p2">2</a>
<a href="#p3" class="js-link" data-target="p3">3</a>
<a href="#p4" class="js-link" data-target="p4">4</a>
<a href="#p5" class="js-link" data-target="p5">5</a>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<p id="p1">
paragraph 1.
<br> Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop
publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsu
</p>
<p id="p2">
paragraph 2.
<br> Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop
publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsu
</p>
<p id="p3">
paragraph 3.
<br> Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop
publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsu
</p>
<p id="p4">
paragraph 4.
<br> Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop
publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsu
</p>
<p id="p5">
paragraph 5.
<br> Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book.
It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop
publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsu
</p>
</main>
Solution 5 - Javascript
Try the following. It works well for me:
const headerHeight = 50; /* PUT HEADER HEIGHT HERE */
const buffer = 25; /* MAY NOT BE NEEDED */
const scrollToEl = document.querySelector("#YOUR-ELEMENT-SELECTOR");
const topOfElement = window.pageYOffset + scrollToEl.getBoundingClientRect().top - headerHeight - buffer;
window.scroll({ top: topOfElement, behavior: "smooth" });
Solution 6 - Javascript
A great simple solution (inspired by Sanyam Jain's comment) is to use {block: 'center'} to vertically center the selection like this:
scrollIntoView({block: 'center'})
Edit - I sadly found on MDN page that this features is 'experimental - should not be used in production'. Also, IE doesn't support it (if that's a need).
Solution 7 - Javascript
If anybody runs into issues with the top margin of your container div being ignored after a scrollIntoView, then instead of scrolling your element into view, just do a scrollTop relative to its parent scrolling container, as such:
var topOfElementToView= $('#elementToScroll').position().top;
$('#parentScrollingContainer').scrollTop(topOfElementToView);
Got the answer from user113716 on this thread: How to go to a specific element on page?
Solution 8 - Javascript
I suspect that what will work for the individual will greatly depend on their page layout, so this answer is intended as an additional option rather than to usurp anyone.
All I needed to do was pass false to scroll into view scrollIntoView(false)
it('should be able to click a button selector', function () {
let EC = protractor.ExpectedConditions;
let button = element(by.css('.my-button-css));
browser.executeScript('arguments[0].scrollIntoView(false)', button.getWebElement()).then(function () {
browser.wait(EC.elementToBeClickable(button), 3000).then(function () {
expect(button.isDisplayed()).toBeTruthy();
button.click();
// more test logic here
});
});
});
Thanks to reboot jeff
Solution 9 - Javascript
In case if someone has fixed navbar which hides Header\Title after scrolling, here is the solution (based on @coco puffs's answer and this one):
let anchorLinks = document.querySelectorAll('a[href^="#"]')
for (let item of anchorLinks) {
item.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
let hashVal = item.getAttribute('href')
let topOfElement = document.querySelector(hashVal).offsetTop - 70
window.scroll({ top: topOfElement, behavior: "smooth" })
history.pushState(null, null, hashVal)
e.preventDefault()
})
}
In the code 70px are used.
Solution 10 - Javascript
For me scrolling the element into the center of the window would have worked.
scrollIntoViewIfNeeded({ block: "center" }) does this nicely but unfortunately only has limited browser compatibility (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Element/scrollIntoViewIfNeeded). It does not work on IE and Firefox.
You can, however, build this function pretty easily yourself:
function scrollIntoCenter(element) {
// first scroll element into view. This means element is at the very top.
element.scrollIntoView();
// calculate new scrollYPosition by subtracting half of window-height
let y = window.scrollY - window.innerHeight/2;
// scroll up by half of window height
window.scroll(0, y);
}
Solution 11 - Javascript
I did it like this
var messageContainer
var message
var autoScroll
var messageCounter = 0
var messageQuantity = 20
while(messageQuantity >1){
messageQuantity--
messageContainer = document.createElement('div')
messageContainer.className = 'messageContainer'
message = document.createElement('div')
message.className = 'message'
message.innerHTML = `message: ${messageCounter++}`
messageContainer.append(message)
document.getElementsByClassName('overflow_section')[0].append(messageContainer)
document.getElementById('messageQuantity').textContent = `counter: ${messageCounter}`
}
var appendMessage = document.getElementsByClassName('appendMessage')[0]
appendMessage.addEventListener("click", ()=>{
autoScroll = document.getElementById('autoScroll')
messageContainer = document.createElement('div')
messageContainer.className = 'messageContainer'
message = document.createElement('div')
message.className = 'message'
message.innerHTML = `message: ${messageCounter++}`
messageContainer.append(message)
document.getElementsByClassName('overflow_section')[0].append(messageContainer)
if(autoScroll.checked){
var count = document.getElementsByClassName('overflow_section')[0].getElementsByClassName('messageContainer')
document.getElementsByClassName('messageContainer')[count.length - 1].scrollIntoView({
behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest', inline: 'start'
})
}
document.getElementById('messageQuantity').textContent = `counter: ${messageCounter}`
})
var scrollUp = document.getElementsByClassName('scrollUp')[0]
scrollUp.addEventListener("click", ()=>{
var count = document.getElementsByClassName('overflow_section')[0].getElementsByClassName('messageContainer')
if(count.length > 0){
document.getElementsByClassName('messageContainer')[0].scrollIntoView({
behavior: 'smooth', block: 'center', inline: 'start'
})
}
})
var scrollDown = document.getElementsByClassName('scrollDown')[0]
scrollDown.addEventListener("click", ()=>{
var count = document.getElementsByClassName('overflow_section')[0].getElementsByClassName('messageContainer')
if(count.length > 0){
document.getElementsByClassName('messageContainer')[count.length - 1].scrollIntoView({
behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest', inline: 'start'
})
}
})
button{
background-color: rgb(0 0 0 / 80%);
border-radius:5px;
padding:10px;
border:none;
color:white;
}
input{
background-color: rgb(179 229 249 / 50%);
position:relative;
top:10px;
width:30px;
height:30px;
}
.overflow_section{
overflow: auto;
font-size:20px;
background-color: rgb(179 229 249 / 50%);
width:50%;
height:200px;
margin:15px;
margin-left:auto;
margin-right:auto;
}
.messageContainer{
background-color: rgb(255 120 0 / 50%);
border-radius:5px;
margin:5px;
padding:15px;
}
#messageQuantity{
background-color: rgb(255 120 0 / 100%);
font-weight:700;
border-radius:5px;
padding:10px;
color:black;
}
<div align="center">
<span align="center" id='messageQuantity'></span>
<button class='appendMessage'>Append message</button>
<button class='scrollUp'>Scroll Up</button>
<button class='scrollDown'>Scroll Down</button>
<input type="checkbox" id="autoScroll" />
<label for="vehicle1">Auto scroll</label>
</div>
<div class='overflow_section'></div>