UPDATE multiple tables in MySQL using LEFT JOIN
MysqlSql UpdateMysql Problem Overview
I have two tables, and want to update fields in T1 for all rows in a LEFT JOIN.
For an easy example, update all rows of the following result-set:
SELECT T1.* FROM T1 LEFT JOIN T2 ON T1.id = T2.id WHERE T2.id IS NULL
The MySQL manual states that:
> Multiple-table UPDATE statements can use any type of join allowed in SELECT statements, such as LEFT JOIN.
But I cannot find the proper syntax for doing that in the documented multiple-tables UPDATE.
What is the proper syntax?
Mysql Solutions
Solution 1 - Mysql
UPDATE t1
LEFT JOIN
t2
ON t2.id = t1.id
SET t1.col1 = newvalue
WHERE t2.id IS NULL
Note that for a SELECT it would be more efficient to use NOT IN / NOT EXISTS syntax:
SELECT t1.*
FROM t1
WHERE t1.id NOT IN
(
SELECT id
FROM t2
)
See the article in my blog for performance details:
- Finding incomplete orders: performance of
LEFT JOINcompared toNOT IN
Unfortunately, MySQL does not allow using the target table in a subquery in an UPDATE statement, that's why you'll need to stick to less efficient LEFT JOIN syntax.
Solution 2 - Mysql
The same can be applied to a scenario where the data has been normalized, but now you want a table to have values found in a third table. The following will allow you to update a table with information from a third table that is liked by a second table.
UPDATE t1
LEFT JOIN
t2
ON
t2.some_id = t1.some_id
LEFT JOIN
t3
ON
t2.t3_id = t3.id
SET
t1.new_column = t3.column;
This would be useful in a case where you had users and groups, and you wanted a user to be able to add their own variation of the group name, so originally you would want to import the existing group names into the field where the user is going to be able to modify it.
Solution 3 - Mysql
Table A
+--------+-----------+
| A-num | text |
| 1 | |
| 2 | |
| 3 | |
| 4 | |
| 5 | |
+--------+-----------+
Table B
+------+------+--------------+
| B-num| date | A-num |
| 22 | 01.08.2003 | 2 |
| 23 | 02.08.2003 | 2 |
| 24 | 03.08.2003 | 1 |
| 25 | 04.08.2003 | 4 |
| 26 | 05.03.2003 | 4 |
I will update field text in table A with
UPDATE `Table A`,`Table B`
SET `Table A`.`text`=concat_ws('',`Table A`.`text`,`Table B`.`B-num`," from
",`Table B`.`date`,'/')
WHERE `Table A`.`A-num` = `Table B`.`A-num`
and come to this result:
Table A
+--------+------------------------+
| A-num | text |
| 1 | 24 from 03 08 2003 / |
| 2 | 22 from 01 08 2003 / |
| 3 | |
| 4 | 25 from 04 08 2003 / |
| 5 | |
--------+-------------------------+
where only one field from Table B is accepted, but I will come to this result:
Table A
+--------+--------------------------------------------+
| A-num | text |
| 1 | 24 from 03 08 2003 |
| 2 | 22 from 01 08 2003 / 23 from 02 08 2003 / |
| 3 | |
| 4 | 25 from 04 08 2003 / 26 from 05 03 2003 / |
| 5 | |
+--------+--------------------------------------------+
Solution 4 - Mysql
UPDATE `Table A` a
SET a.`text`=(
SELECT group_concat(b.`B-num`,' from ',b.`date` SEPARATOR ' / ')
FROM `Table B` b WHERE (a.`A-num`=b.`A-num`)
)
Solution 5 - Mysql
DECLARE @cols VARCHAR(max),@colsUpd VARCHAR(max), @query VARCHAR(max),@queryUpd VARCHAR(max), @subQuery VARCHAR(max)
DECLARE @TableNameTest NVARCHAR(150)
SET @TableNameTest = @TableName+ '_Staging';
SELECT @colsUpd = STUF ((SELECT DISTINCT '], T1.[' + name,']=T2.['+name+'' FROM sys.columns
WHERE object_id = (
SELECT top 1 object_id
FROM sys.objects
WHERE name = ''+@TableNameTest+''
)
and name not in ('Action','Record_ID')
FOR XML PATH('')
), 1, 2, ''
) + ']'
Select @queryUpd ='Update T1
SET '+@colsUpd+'
FROM '+@TableName+' T1
INNER JOIN '+@TableNameTest+' T2
ON T1.Record_ID = T2.Record_Id
WHERE T2.[Action] = ''Modify'''
EXEC (@queryUpd)