Spring Security 5 : There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id "null"

I am migrating from Spring Boot 1.4.9 to Spring Boot 2.0 and also to Spring Security 5 and I am trying to do authenticate via OAuth 2. But I am getting this error:

> java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id "null

From the documentation of Spring Security 5, I get to know that storage format for password is changed.

In my current code I have created my password encoder bean as:

@Bean
public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
	return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}

However it was giving me below error:

> Encoded password does not look like BCrypt

So I update the encoder as per the Spring Security 5 document to:

@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
 	return PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
}

Now if I can see password in database it is storing as

{bcrypt}$2a$10$LoV/3z36G86x6Gn101aekuz3q9d7yfBp3jFn7dzNN/AL5630FyUQ

With that 1st error gone and now when I am trying to do authentication I am getting below error:

> java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id "null

To solve this issue I tried all the below questions from Stackoverflow:

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46999940/spring-boot-passwordencoder-error?noredirect=1&lq=1

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26013251/spring-oauth2-password-encoder-is-not-set-in-daoauthenticationprovider

Here is a question similar to mine but not answerd:

• https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49236707/spring-security-5-password-migration

NOTE: I am already storing encrypted password in database so no need to encode again in UserDetailsService.

In the Spring security 5 documentation they suggested you can handle this exception using:

>
DelegatingPasswordEncoder.setDefaultPasswordEncoderForMatches(PasswordEncoder)

If this is the fix then where should I put it? I have tried to put it in PasswordEncoder bean like below but it wasn't working:

DelegatingPasswordEncoder def = new DelegatingPasswordEncoder(idForEncode, encoders);
def.setDefaultPasswordEncoderForMatches(passwordEncoder);

MyWebSecurity class

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
    	return PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {

        web
                .ignoring()
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS)
                .antMatchers("/api/user/add");
    }

    @Override
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }
}

MyOauth2 Configuration

@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
protected static class AuthorizationServerConfiguration extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Bean
    public TokenStore tokenStore() {
        return new InMemoryTokenStore();
    }

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("authenticationManagerBean")
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    
    @Bean
    public TokenEnhancer tokenEnhancer() {
        return new CustomTokenEnhancer();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public DefaultAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter() {
        return new DefaultAccessTokenConverter();
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints)
            throws Exception {
        endpoints
                .tokenStore(tokenStore())
                .tokenEnhancer(tokenEnhancer())
                .accessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter())
                .authenticationManager(authenticationManager);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients
                .inMemory()
                .withClient("test")
                .scopes("read", "write")
                .authorities(Roles.ADMIN.name(), Roles.USER.name())
                .authorizedGrantTypes("password", "refresh_token")
                .secret("secret")
                .accessTokenValiditySeconds(1800);
    }
}

Please guide me with this issue. I have spend hours to fix this but not able to fix.

When you are configuring the ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer, you have to also apply the new password storage format to the client secret.

.secret("{noop}secret")

Add .password("{noop}password") to Security config file.

For example :

auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
        .withUser("admin").roles("ADMIN").password("{noop}password");

For anyone facing the same issue and not in need of a secure solution - for testing and debugging mainly - in memory users can still be configured.

This is just for playing around - no real world scenario.

The approach used below is deprecated.

This is where I got it from:

• source
• reference, also mentioned in the source above

---

Within your WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter add the following:

@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
@Bean
public static NoOpPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return (NoOpPasswordEncoder) NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
}

Here, obviously, passwords are hashed, but still are available in memory.

---

Of course, you could also use a real PasswordEncoder like BCryptPasswordEncoder and prefix the password with the correct id:

// Create an encoder with strength 16
BCryptPasswordEncoder encoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder(16);
String result = encoder.encode("myPassword");
assertTrue(encoder.matches("myPassword", result));

Don't know if this will help anyone. My working WebSecurityConfigurer and OAuth2Config code as below:

OAuth2Config File:

package com.crown.AuthenticationServer.security;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.configurers.ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configuration.AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.oauth2.config.annotation.web.configurers.AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class OAuth2Config extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;

    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;

    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients.inMemory()
            .withClient("crown")
            .secret("{noop}thisissecret")
            .authorizedGrantTypes("refresh_token", "password", "client_credentials")
            .scopes("webclient", "mobileclient");
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        endpoints
            .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
            .userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
    }
}

WebSecurityConfigurer:

package com.crown.AuthenticationServer.security;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.InMemoryUserDetailsManager;


@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfigurer extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }

    @Bean
    @Override
    public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {

        PasswordEncoder encoder = PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();

        final User.UserBuilder userBuilder = User.builder().passwordEncoder(encoder::encode);
        UserDetails user = userBuilder
            .username("john.carnell")
            .password("password")
            .roles("USER")
            .build();

        UserDetails admin = userBuilder
            .username("william.woodward")
            .password("password")
            .roles("USER","ADMIN")
            .build();

        return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user, admin);
    }

}

Here is the link to the project: springboot-authorization-server-oauth2

Whenever Spring stores the password, it puts a prefix of encoder in the encoded passwords like bcrypt, scrypt, pbkdf2 etc. so that when it is time to decode the password, it can use appropriate encoder to decode. if there is no prefix in the encoded password it uses defaultPasswordEncoderForMatches. You can view DelegatingPasswordEncoder.class's matches method to see how it works. so basically we need to set defaultPasswordEncoderForMatches by the following lines.

@Bean(name="myPasswordEncoder")
public PasswordEncoder getPasswordEncoder() {
		DelegatingPasswordEncoder delPasswordEncoder=  (DelegatingPasswordEncoder)PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
		BCryptPasswordEncoder bcryptPasswordEncoder =new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
	delPasswordEncoder.setDefaultPasswordEncoderForMatches(bcryptPasswordEncoder);
	return delPasswordEncoder;		
}

Now, you might also have to provide this encoder with DefaultPasswordEncoderForMatches to your authentication provider also. I did that with below lines in my config classes.

@Bean
	@Autowired	
	public DaoAuthenticationProvider getDaoAuthenticationProvider(@Qualifier("myPasswordEncoder") PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder, UserDetailsService userDetailsServiceJDBC) {
		DaoAuthenticationProvider daoAuthenticationProvider = new DaoAuthenticationProvider();
		daoAuthenticationProvider.setPasswordEncoder(passwordEncoder);
		daoAuthenticationProvider.setUserDetailsService(userDetailsServiceJDBC);
		return daoAuthenticationProvider;
	}

You can read in the official Spring Security Documentation that for the DelegatingPasswordEncoder the general format for a password is: {id}encodedPassword

> Such that id is an identifier used to look up which PasswordEncoder should be used and encodedPassword is the original encoded password for the selected PasswordEncoder. The id must be at the beginning of the password, start with { and end with }. If the id cannot be found, the id will be null. For example, the following might be a list of passwords encoded using different id. All of the original passwords are "password".

Id examples are:

> {bcrypt}$2a$10$dXJ3SW6G7P50lGmMkkmwe.20cQQubK3.HZWzG3YB1tlRy.fqvM/BG {noop}password {pbkdf2}5d923b44a6d129f3ddf3e3c8d29412723dcbde72445e8ef6bf3b508fbf17fa4ed4d6b99ca763d8dc {scrypt}$e0801$8bWJaSu2IKSn9Z9kM+TPXfOc/9bdYSrN1oD9qfVThWEwdRTnO7re7Ei+fUZRJ68k9lTyuTeUp4of4g24hHnazw==$OAOec05+bXxvuu/1qZ6NUR+xQYvYv7BeL1QxwRpY5Pc=
{sha256}97cde38028ad898ebc02e690819fa220e88c62e0699403e94fff291cfffaf8410849f27605abcbc0

If you are fetching the username and password from the database, you can use below code to add NoOpPassword instance.

protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
   auth.userDetailsService(adm).passwordEncoder(NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance());
}

Where adm is a custom user object for my project which has getPassword() and getUsername() methods.

Also remember, to make a custom User POJO, you'll have to implement UserDetails interface and implements all of it's methods.

Hope this helps.

The java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id "null" error message arises when upgrading from Spring Security 4 to 5. Please refer to this Baeldung article as for the complete explanation and possible solutions.

Spring Boot official documentation has provided a solution for this

>The easiest way to resolve the error is to switch to explicitly providing the PasswordEncoder that your passwords are encoded with. The easiest way to resolve it is to figure out how your passwords are currently being stored and explicitly provide the correct PasswordEncoder.

> If you are migrating from Spring Security 4.2.x you can revert to the previous behavior by exposing a NoOpPasswordEncoder bean.

> Alternatively, you can prefix all of your passwords with the correct id and continue to use DelegatingPasswordEncoder. For example, if you are using BCrypt, you would migrate ... more

Regarding

> Encoded password does not look like BCrypt

In my case there was a mismatch in BCryptPasswordEncoder strength used by default constructor (10) as pwd hash was generated with strength 4. So I've set strength explicit.

@Bean
public BCryptPasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
    return new BCryptPasswordEncoder(4);
}

also my Spring Security version is 5.1.6 and it perfectly works with BCryptPasswordEncoder