Smooth scroll anchor links WITHOUT jQuery
JavascriptHyperlinkAnchorJavascript Problem Overview
Is it possible to use smooth scroll to anchor links but without jQuery
? I am creating a new site and I don't want to use jQuery
.
Javascript Solutions
Solution 1 - Javascript
Extending this answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/8918062/3851798
After defining your function of scrollTo, you can pass the element you want to scrollTo in the function.
function scrollTo(element, to, duration) {
if (duration <= 0) return;
var difference = to - element.scrollTop;
var perTick = difference / duration * 10;
setTimeout(function() {
element.scrollTop = element.scrollTop + perTick;
if (element.scrollTop === to) return;
scrollTo(element, to, duration - 10);
}, 10);
}
If you have a div with an id="footer"
<div id="footer" class="categories">…</div>
In the script that you run to scroll you can run this,
elmnt = document.getElementById("footer");
scrollTo(document.body, elmnt.offsetTop, 600);
And there you have it. Smooth scrolling without jQuery. You can actually play around with that code on your browser's console and fine tune it to your liking.
Solution 2 - Javascript
Using the function from here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11213259/javascript-animation and modifying it to modify a property (not only a style's property), you can try something like this:
DEMO: http://jsfiddle.net/7TAa2/1/
Just saying...
function animate(elem, style, unit, from, to, time, prop) {
if (!elem) {
return;
}
var start = new Date().getTime(),
timer = setInterval(function() {
var step = Math.min(1, (new Date().getTime() - start) / time);
if (prop) {
elem[style] = (from + step * (to - from)) + unit;
} else {
elem.style[style] = (from + step * (to - from)) + unit;
}
if (step === 1) {
clearInterval(timer);
}
}, 25);
if (prop) {
elem[style] = from + unit;
} else {
elem.style[style] = from + unit;
}
}
window.onload = function() {
var target = document.getElementById("div5");
animate(document.scrollingElement || document.documentElement, "scrollTop", "", 0, target.offsetTop, 2000, true);
};
div {
height: 50px;
}
<div id="div1">asdf1</div>
<div id="div2">asdf2</div>
<div id="div3">asdf3</div>
<div id="div4">asdf4</div>
<div id="div5">asdf5</div>
<div id="div6">asdf6</div>
<div id="div7">asdf7</div>
<div id="div8">asdf8</div>
<div id="div9">asdf9</div>
<div id="div10">asdf10</div>
<div id="div10">asdf11</div>
<div id="div10">asdf12</div>
<div id="div10">asdf13</div>
<div id="div10">asdf14</div>
<div id="div10">asdf15</div>
<div id="div10">asdf16</div>
<div id="div10">asdf17</div>
<div id="div10">asdf18</div>
<div id="div10">asdf19</div>
<div id="div10">asdf20</div>
Solution 3 - Javascript
Actually, there is more lightweight and simple way to do that: https://codepen.io/ugg0t/pen/mqBBBY
function scrollTo(element) {
window.scroll({
behavior: 'smooth',
left: 0,
top: element.offsetTop
});
}
document.getElementById("button").addEventListener('click', () => {
scrollTo(document.getElementById("8"));
});
div {
width: 100%;
height: 200px;
background-color: black;
}
div:nth-child(odd) {
background-color: white;
}
button {
position: absolute;
left: 10px;
top: 10px;
}
<div id="1"></div>
<div id="2"></div>
<div id="3"></div>
<div id="4"></div>
<div id="5"></div>
<div id="6"></div>
<div id="7"></div>
<div id="8"></div>
<div id="9"></div>
<div id="10"></div>
<button id="button">Button</button>
Solution 4 - Javascript
Use this:
let element = document.getElementById("box");
element.scrollIntoView();
element.scrollIntoView(false);
element.scrollIntoView({block: "end"});
element.scrollIntoView({behavior: "instant", block: "end", inline: "nearest"});
Solution 5 - Javascript
This is a pretty old question, but I think it's important to say that nowadays smooth scrolling is supported in CSS, so there's no need for any scripts:
html {
scroll-behavior: smooth;
}
This property still has no support for Safari or IE/Edge as of 2019, so for a full crossbrowser support, you'll still have to use a script.
Solution 6 - Javascript
CSS3 transitions with a :target
selector can give a nice result without any JS hacking. I was just contemplating whether to imlement this but without Jquery it does get a bit messy. See this question for details.
Solution 7 - Javascript
Smooth Scroll behavior with polyfill...
Example:
document.querySelectorAll('a[href^="#"]').addEventListener("click", function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
document.querySelector(this.getAttribute("href")).scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth" });
});
Repository: https://github.com/iamdustan/smoothscroll
Solution 8 - Javascript
Vanilla js variant using requestAnimationFrame
with easings and all browsers supported:
const requestAnimationFrame = window.requestAnimationFrame ||
window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.mozRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.oRequestAnimationFrame ||
window.msRequestAnimationFrame;
function scrollTo(to) {
const start = window.scrollY || window.pageYOffset
const time = Date.now()
const duration = Math.abs(start - to) / 3;
(function step() {
var dx = Math.min(1, (Date.now() - time) / duration)
var pos = start + (to - start) * easeOutQuart(dx)
window.scrollTo(0, pos)
if (dx < 1) {
requestAnimationFrame(step)
}
})()
}
Any easing supported!
Solution 9 - Javascript
Try this code here:
window.scrollTo({
top: 0,
left: 0,
behavior: 'smooth'
});
Solution 10 - Javascript
My favorite scroll-to library currently is Zenscroll because of the wide range of features and small size (currently only 3.17kb).
In the future it may make more sense to use the native scrollIntoView
functionality, but since it'd have to be polyfilled in most production sites today due to the lack of IE support, I recommend using Zenscroll instead in all cases.
Solution 11 - Javascript
It's upgraded version from @Ian
// Animated scroll with pure JS
// duration constant in ms
const animationDuration = 600;
// scrollable layout
const layout = document.querySelector('main');
const fps = 12; // in ms per scroll step, less value - smoother animation
function scrollAnimate(elem, style, unit, from, to, time, prop) {
if (!elem) {
return;
}
var start = new Date().getTime(),
timer = setInterval(function () {
var step = Math.min(1, (new Date().getTime() - start) / time);
var value = (from + step * (to - from)) + unit;
if (prop) {
elem[style] = value;
} else {
elem.style[style] = value;
}
if (step === 1) {
clearInterval(timer);
}
}, fps);
if (prop) {
elem[style] = from + unit;
} else {
elem.style[style] = from + unit;
}
}
function scrollTo(hash) {
const target = document.getElementById(hash);
const from = window.location.hash.substring(1) || 'start';
const offsetFrom = document.getElementById(from).offsetTop;
const offsetTo = target.offsetTop;
scrollAnimate(layout,
"scrollTop", "", offsetFrom, offsetTo, animationDuration, true);
setTimeout(function () {
window.location.hash = hash;
}, animationDuration+25)
};
// add scroll when click on menu items
var menu_items = document.querySelectorAll('a.mdl-navigation__link');
menu_items.forEach(function (elem) {
elem.addEventListener("click",
function (e) {
e.preventDefault();
scrollTo(elem.getAttribute('href').substring(1));
});
});
// scroll when open link with anchor
window.onload = function () {
if (window.location.hash) {
var target = document.getElementById(window.location.hash.substring(1));
scrollAnimate(layout, "scrollTop", "", 0, target.offsetTop, animationDuration, true);
}
}
Solution 12 - Javascript
For anyone in 2019, first, you add an event listener
document.getElementById('id').addEventListener('click', () => scrollTo())
then you target the element and go smoothly to it
function scrollTo() {
let target = document.getElementById('target');
target.scrollIntoView({
behavior: "smooth",
block: "end",
inline: "nearest"
})
}
Solution 13 - Javascript
Based on MDN docs for scroll options we can use the following code:
element.scrollTo({
top: 100,
left: 100,
behavior: 'smooth'
});
In fact, the behavior
key can accept smooth
and auto
variables. first for smooth motion and second for a single jump.
Solution 14 - Javascript
March 2022
I know this is an old question but wanted to put forward an answer that has simpler ways of doing it in modern days. As of today, almost all the major browsers are compatible with scroll-behavior
including Safari with its latest release. Still, you might want to employ fallback methods or just use the javascript approach described in method 2 for compatibility in older browsers.
Method 1: HTML and CSS
You can just do this with
<a href="#target" id="scroll-trigger">Click</a>
.
.
.
<h2 id="target">Target</h2>
and CSS
html {
scroll-behavior: smooth
}
Method 2: JavaScript
Or if you have a unique case that needs javascript, go on elaborate with this method.
const scrollTrigger = document.getElementById('scroll-trigger');
const target = document.getElementById('target');
scrollTrigger.addEventListener('click', function (e) {
window.scroll({
top: target.offsetTop,
left:0,
behavior: 'smooth' });
}, false)
Solution 15 - Javascript
Here is a simple solution in pure JavaScript. It takes advantage of CSS property scroll-behavior: smooth
function scroll_to(id) {
document.documentElement.style.scrollBehavior = 'smooth'
element = document.createElement('a');
element.setAttribute('href', id)
element.click();
}
Usage:
Say we have 10 divs:
<div id='df7ds89' class='my_div'>ONE</div>
<div id='sdofo8f' class='my_div'>TWO</div>
<div id='34kj434' class='my_div'>THREE</div>
<div id='gbgfh98' class='my_div'>FOUR</div>
<div id='df89sdd' class='my_div'>FIVE</div>
<div id='34l3j3r' class='my_div'>SIX</div>
<div id='56j5453' class='my_div'>SEVEN</div>
<div id='75j6h4r' class='my_div'>EIGHT</div>
<div id='657kh54' class='my_div'>NINE</div>
<div id='43kjhjh' class='my_div'>TEN</div>
We can scroll to the ID of choice:
scroll_to('#657kh54')
You simply call this function on your click event (e.g. click button then scroll to div #9).
Result:
Of course it looks much smoother in real life.
Unfortunately, IE and Safari don't support scrollBehavior = 'smooth' as of 2019
Solution 16 - Javascript
For a more comprehensive list of methods for smooth scrolling, see my answer here.
To scroll to a certain position in an exact amount of time, window.requestAnimationFrame
can be put to use, calculating the appropriate current position each time. setTimeout
can be used to a similar effect when requestAnimationFrame
is not supported.
/*
@param pos: the y-position to scroll to (in pixels)
@param time: the exact amount of time the scrolling will take (in milliseconds)
*/
function scrollToSmoothly(pos, time) {
var currentPos = window.pageYOffset;
var start = null;
if(time == null) time = 500;
pos = +pos, time = +time;
window.requestAnimationFrame(function step(currentTime) {
start = !start ? currentTime : start;
var progress = currentTime - start;
if (currentPos < pos) {
window.scrollTo(0, ((pos - currentPos) * progress / time) + currentPos);
} else {
window.scrollTo(0, currentPos - ((currentPos - pos) * progress / time));
}
if (progress < time) {
window.requestAnimationFrame(step);
} else {
window.scrollTo(0, pos);
}
});
}
Demo:
function scrollToSmoothly(pos, time) {
var currentPos = window.pageYOffset;
var start = null;
if(time == null) time = 500;
pos = +pos, time = +time;
window.requestAnimationFrame(function step(currentTime) {
start = !start ? currentTime : start;
var progress = currentTime - start;
if (currentPos < pos) {
window.scrollTo(0, ((pos - currentPos) * progress / time) + currentPos);
} else {
window.scrollTo(0, currentPos - ((currentPos - pos) * progress / time));
}
if (progress < time) {
window.requestAnimationFrame(step);
} else {
window.scrollTo(0, pos);
}
});
}
document.getElementById("toElement").addEventListener('click', function(e) {
var elem = document.querySelector("div");
scrollToSmoothly(elem.offsetTop);
});
document.getElementById("toTop").addEventListener('click', function(e){
scrollToSmoothly(0, 700);
});
<button id="toElement">Scroll To Element</button>
<div style="margin: 1000px 0px; text-align: center;">Div element
<button id="toTop">Scroll back to top</button>
</div>
For more complex cases, the SmoothScroll.js library can be used, which handles smooth scrolling both vertically and horizontally, scrolling inside other container elements, different easing behaviors, scrolling relatively from the current position, and more.
document.getElementById("toElement").addEventListener('click', function(e) {
smoothScroll({toElement: document.querySelector('div'), duration: 500});
});
document.getElementById("toTop").addEventListener('click', function(e){
smoothScroll({yPos: 0, duration: 700});
});
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/LieutenantPeacock/[email protected]/src/smoothscroll.min.js" integrity="sha384-UdJHYJK9eDBy7vML0TvJGlCpvrJhCuOPGTc7tHbA+jHEgCgjWpPbmMvmd/2bzdXU" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<button id="toElement">Scroll To Element</button>
<div style="margin: 1000px 0px; text-align: center;">Div element
<button id="toTop">Scroll back to top</button>
</div>
Alternatively, you can pass an options object to window.scroll
which scrolls to a specific x and y position and window.scrollBy
which scrolls a certain amount from the current position:
// Scroll to specific values
// scrollTo is the same
window.scroll({
top: 2500,
left: 0,
behavior: 'smooth'
});
// Scroll certain amounts from current position
window.scrollBy({
top: 100, // could be negative value
left: 0,
behavior: 'smooth'
});
Demo:
<button onClick="scrollToDiv()">Scroll To Element</button>
<div style="margin: 500px 0px;">Div</div>
<script>
function scrollToDiv(){
var elem = document.querySelector("div");
window.scroll({
top: elem.offsetTop,
left: 0,
behavior: 'smooth'
});
}
</script>
Modern browsers support the scroll-behavior
CSS property, which can be used to make scrolling in the document smooth (without the need for JavaScript). Anchor tags can be used for this by giving the anchor tag a href
of #
plus the id
of the element to scroll to). You can also set the scroll-behavior
property for a specific container like a div
to make its contents scroll smoothly.
html, body{
scroll-behavior: smooth;
}
<a href="#elem">Scroll To Element</a>
<div id="elem" style="margin: 500px 0px;">Div</div>
Solution 17 - Javascript
Without jQuery
const links = document.querySelectorAll('header nav ul a')
for (const link of links) {
link.onclick = function clickHandler(e) {
e.preventDefault()
const href = this.getAttribute('href')
document.querySelector(href).scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth' })
}
}
<header>
<!-- NavBar -->
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#team">Team</a></li>
<li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<!-- ----------- Team ----------------------- -->
<div id="team">
<h2>Team</h2>
</div>
<!-- ----------- Contact ----------------------- -->
<div id="contact">
<h2>Contact</h2>
</div>
<!-- ----------- About ----------------------- -->
<div id="about">
<h2>About</h2>
</div>
body {
background-color: black;
height:7000px
}
header {
margin-top: 1.3rem;
margin-bottom: 25rem;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
nav ul {
display: flex;
}
nav ul li {
all: unset;
margin: 2rem;
cursor: pointer;
}
nav ul li a {
all: unset;
font: bold 1.8rem robto;
color: white;
letter-spacing: 1px;
cursor: pointer;
padding-top: 3rem;
padding-bottom: 2rem;
}
#team,
#contact,
#about {
background-color: #e2df0d;
width: 100%;
height: 35rem;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
color: black;
font: bold 4rem roboto;
letter-spacing: 6.2px;
margin-top: 70rem;
}
Or with just CSS, but it's not supported in all browsers yet
html {scroll-behavior: smooth}
Solution 18 - Javascript
If you want to set all of your deep links #
to scroll smoothly you can do this:
const allLinks = document.querySelectorAll('a[href^="#"]')
allLinks.forEach(link => {
const
targetSelector = link.getAttribute('href'),
target = document.querySelector(targetSelector)
if (target) {
link.addEventListener('click', function(e) {
e.preventDefault()
const top = target.offsetTop // consider decreasing your main nav's height from this number
window.scroll({
behavior: 'smooth',
left: 0,
top: top
});
})
}
})
An example code to consider also your main nav's height (this code goes where top
const is declared):
const
mainHeader = document.querySelector('header#masthead'), //change to your correct main nav selector
mainHeaderHeight = mainHeader.offsetHeight,
// now calculate top like this:
top = target.offsetTop - mainHeaderHeight