As vim&#39;s own help on `set background` says, &quot;Setting this option does not change the background color, it tells Vim what the background color looks like. For changing the background color, see |:hi-normal|.&quot;

For example

    :highlight Normal ctermfg=grey ctermbg=darkblue

will write in white on blue on your color terminal.


In a terminal emulator like konsole or gnome-terminal, you should to set a 256 color setting for vim.

    :set  t_Co=256

After that you can to change your background.

Try adding

    set background=dark

to your `.gvimrc` too. This work well for me.

Using `set bg=dark` with a white background can produce nearly unreadable text in some syntax highlighting schemes.  Instead, you can change the overall colorscheme to something that looks good in your terminal.  The colorscheme file should set the background attribute for you appropriately.  Also, for more information see:

    :h color

supplement of windows
==========================

gvim version: 8.2

location of **.gvimrc**: `%userprofile%/.gvimrc`

```
&quot; .gvimrc
colorscheme darkblue
```

*Which color is allows me to choose?*

Find your install directory and go to the directory of `colors`.
in my case is:
`%PROGRAMFILES(X86)%\Vim\vim82\colors`
```
blue.vim
darkblue.vim
slate.vim
...
README.txt
```

I want to base64 encode data to put it in a URL and then decode it within my HttpHandler.

I have found that [Base64 Encoding](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64) allows for a &#39;/&#39; character which will mess up my UriTemplate matching.  Then I found that there is a concept of a &quot;modified Base64 for URL&quot; from wikipedia:

A modified Base64 for URL variant exists, where no padding &#39;=&#39; will be used, and the &#39;+&#39; and &#39;/&#39; characters of standard Base64 are respectively replaced by &#39;-&#39; and &#39;_&#39;, so that using URL encoders/decoders is no longer necessary and has no impact on the length of the encoded value, leaving the same encoded form intact for use in relational databases, web forms, and object identifiers in general.

Using .NET I want to modify my current code from doing basic base64 encoding and decoding to using the &quot;modified base64 for URL&quot; method.  Has anyone done this?

To decode, I know it starts out with something like:

    string base64EncodedText = base64UrlEncodedText.Replace(&#39;-&#39;, &#39;+&#39;).Replace(&#39;_&#39;, &#39;/&#39;);

    // Append &#39;=&#39; char(s) if necessary - how best to do this?

    // My normal base64 decoding now uses encodedText

But, I need to potentially add one or two &#39;=&#39; chars to the end which looks a little more complex.

My encoding logic should be a little simpler:

    // Perform normal base64 encoding
    byte[] encodedBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(unencodedText);
    string base64EncodedText = Convert.ToBase64String(encodedBytes);

    // Apply URL variant
    string base64UrlEncodedText = base64EncodedText.Replace(&quot;=&quot;, String.Empty).Replace(&#39;+&#39;, &#39;-&#39;).Replace(&#39;/&#39;, &#39;_&#39;);
    
I have seen the [Guid to Base64 for URL](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1032376/guid-to-base64-for-url) StackOverflow entry, but that has a known length and therefore they can hardcode the number of equal signs needed at the end.

Code for decoding/encoding a modified base64 URL (in ASP.NET Framework)

How do I get the name of the active user via the command line in OS X?

When I try to change the background colors in `.vimrc` or directly in Vim using the command: 

    set background=dark

... it doesn&#39;t affect my background at all. Neither does the `light` option. However, it looks okay when I run gvim.

Is there a way to change the background in Vim without changing my Konsole settings?  

**EDIT** Okay, there is a difference between guifg/guibg and ctermfg/ctermbg. While the GUI accepts lots of different color combinations, cterm allows only few standard ones.


Setting the Vim background colors

When I try to change the background colors in <code>.vimrc</code> or directly in Vim using the command:
<pre><code class="hljs language-arduino">set background=dark
</code></pre>
... it doesn't affect my background at all. Neither does the <code>light</code> option. However, it looks okay when I run gvim.
Is there a way to change the background in Vim without changing my Konsole settings?
EDIT Okay, there is a difference between guifg/guibg and ctermfg/ctermbg. While the GUI accepts lots of different color combinations, cterm allows only few standard ones.

I need to compress a large file of about 17-20 GB. I need to split it into several files of around 1GB per file.

I searched for a solution via Google and found ways using `split` and `cat` commands. But they did not work for large files at all. Also, they won&#39;t work in Windows; I need to extract it on a Windows machine.

Split files using tar, gz, zip, or bzip2

I have a project where the directory structure is like this:

                             $projectroot
                                  |
                  +---------------+----------------+
                  |               |                |
                part1/          part2/           part3/
                  |               |                |
           +------+-----+     +---+----+       +---+-----+
           |      |     |     |        |       |         |
         data/   src/  inc/  src/     inc/   src/       inc/


How should I write a makefile that would be in part/src (or wherever really)  that could comple/link on the c/c++ source files in part?/src ?

Can I do something like
-I$projectroot/part1/src -I$projectroot/part1/inc -I$projectroot/part2/src ...

If that would work, is there an easier way to do it.  I&#39;ve seen projects where there is a makefile in each of the corresponding part? folders.  [in this post I used the question mark like in bash syntax]

Makefiles with source files in different directories

Borderline ServerFault question, but I&#39;m *programming* some shell scripts, so I&#39;m trying here first :)

Most *nixes have a command that will let you pipe/redirect output to the local clipboard/pasteboard, and retrieve from same.  On OS X these commands are

	pbcopy, pbpaste	

Is there anyway to replicate this functionality while SSHed into another server?  That is, 

1. I&#39;m using Computer A.  
2. I open a terminal window
3. I SSH to Computer B
4. I run a command on Computer B
5. The output of Computer B is redirected or automatically copied to Computer A&#39;s clipboard.

And yes, I know I could just (shudder) use my mouse to select the text from the command, but I&#39;ve gotten so used to the workflow of pipping output directly to the clipboard that I want the same for my remote sessions. 

Code is useful, but general approaches are appreciated as well.

How to send data to local clipboard from a remote SSH session

I have some source code that was compiled on Windows. I am converting it to run on Red Hat Linux. 

The source code has included the `&lt;windows.h&gt;` header file and the programmer has used the `Sleep()` function to wait for a period of milliseconds. This won&#39;t work on the Linux.

However, I can use the `sleep(seconds)` function, but that uses integer in seconds. I don&#39;t want to convert milliseconds to seconds. Is there a alternative sleep function that I can use with gcc compiling on Linux?


Is there an alternative sleep function in C to milliseconds?

What is `export` for?

What is the difference between:

    export name=value

and

    name=value





Defining a variable with or without export

I want that my background image stretch and scale depending on the browser viewport size.

I&#39;ve seen some questions on Stack&amp;nbsp;Overflow that do the job, like *[Stretch and scale CSS background][1]* for example. It works well, but I want to place the image using `background`, not with an `img` tag.

In that one an `img` tag is placed, and then with CSS we tribute to the `img` tag.

    width:100%; height:100%;

It works, but that question is a bit old, and states that in CSS 3 resizing a background image will work pretty well. I&#39;ve tried this [example the first one][2], but it didn&#39;t work out for me.

Is there a good method to do it with the `background-image` declaration?

  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/376253/stretch-and-scale-css-background/388817#388817
  [2]: http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-css3-background-20020802/#background-size


Stretch and scale a CSS image in the background - with CSS only

I would like to use dynamic text as background of certain elements in my tag. Because of this, I can use images (dynamic text). How do I do it with just CSS or JavaScript?

Is there a way to use use text as the background with CSS?

I have a hidden contact form which is deployed clicking on a button. Its fields are set as CSS background images, and they always appears a bit later than the div that have been toggled.

I was using this snippet in the `&lt;head&gt;` section, but with no luck (after I cleared the cache) :

    &lt;script&gt;
    $(document).ready(function() {
    		pic = new Image();
    		pic2 = new Image();
    		pic3 = new Image();
    		pic.src=&quot;&lt;?php bloginfo(&#39;template_directory&#39;); ?&gt;/images/inputs/input1.png&quot;;
    		pic2.src=&quot;&lt;?php bloginfo(&#39;template_directory&#39;); ?&gt;/images/inputs/input2.png&quot;;
    		pic3.src=&quot;&lt;?php bloginfo(&#39;template_directory&#39;); ?&gt;/images/inputs/input3.png&quot;;
    });
    &lt;/script&gt;


I&#39;m using jQuery as my library, and it would be cool if I could use it as well for arranging this issue.

Thanks for your thoughs.

Preloading CSS Images

I have a pattern (.png image 4x4px) and have to fill the layout with it.

Does anyone know how to do this? 

If I simply select the drawable as a background the image, it is stretched; instead it needs to be repeated along the x and y axis.

Android: how to create a background from pattern?

I am still struggling with drawing a line with CGContext.  I have actually go to line to draw, but now I need the background of the Rect to be transparent so the existing background shows thru.  Here&#39;s my test code: 

    (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
    {
        CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
        CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, [UIColor clearColor].CGColor);
        CGContextSetAlpha(context,0.0);
        CGContextFillRect(context, rect);
        
        CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(context, [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor);
        CGContextSetLineWidth(context, 5.0);
        CGContextMoveToPoint(context, 100.0,0.0);
        CGContextAddLineToPoint(context,100.0, 100.0);
        CGContextStrokePath(context);
    }
Any ideas?


Setting A CGContext Transparent Background

When I use 

    git commit --amend

It will enter into a vi window to let me input comments for commit, the problem is the vi windows will show some dirty characters from former shell background. So I wonder how can I let vi to reload or redraw the screen to make the screen normal.

So far, I try reset terminal and Ctrl+L, it works, but I wonder is there best answer for such situation?

How to make vi redraw screen?

As title, any convenient way?

I especially need it for some cvs/git commit or sendmail to load a template comment. I think it is a vi environment, not Vim.

How to load another file&#39;s content to the current file in Vim?

Say I have ten lines and I want to prepend text to some word that occurs in those lines? It does not have to be at the beginning of the line.

From:


    sdfsd   foo sdfsd
    sfsd    foo fsdf
    sdfsdf  foo  sdfsdf

to:

    sdfsd   bar(foo sdfsd
    sfsd    bar(foo fsdf
    sdfsdf  bar(foo  sdfsdf

Is it also possible to not only prepend the `bar(` but actually surround `foo` with `bar(foo)`?


I would also like a quick way to append `//` comments to multiple lines (C-style comments).

I use Vim/GVim 7.2.

How can I insert text in the middle of the line to multiple lines in Vim?

I have been wondering if Vim has the capability to smart wrap lines of code, so that it keeps the same indentation as the line that it is indenting. I have noticed it on some other text editor, such as e-text editor, and found that it helped me to comprehend what I&#39;m looking at easier.

For example rather than

    &lt;p&gt;
        &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.example.com&quot;&gt;
            This is a bogus link, used to demonstrate
    an example
        &lt;/a&gt;
    &lt;/p&gt;

it would appear as 

    &lt;p&gt;
        &lt;a href=&quot;somelink&quot;&gt;
            This is a bogus link, used to demonstrate
            an example
        &lt;/a&gt;
    &lt;/p&gt;

Smart Wrap in Vim

How should I rename my current file in Vim?

For example:

- I am editing `person.html_erb_spec.rb`
- I would like it renamed to `person.haml_spec.rb`
- I would like to continue editing `person.haml_spec.rb`

How would I go about doing this, elegantly?


Renaming the current file in Vim

I&#39;ve heard a lot about [Vim][1], both pros and cons.
It really seems you should be (as a developer) faster with Vim than with any other editor.
I&#39;m using Vim to do some basic stuff and I&#39;m at best 10 times *less productive* with Vim.

The only two things you should care about when you talk about speed (you may not care enough about them, but you should) are:

 1. Using alternatively left and right
    hands is the **fastest** way to use the
    keyboard. 
 2. Never touching the mouse is the
    second way to be as fast as possible.
    It takes ages for you to move your hand,
    grab the mouse, move it, and bring it
    back to the keyboard (and you often have
    to look at the keyboard to be sure you
    returned your hand properly to the right place)

Here are two examples demonstrating why I&#39;m far less productive with Vim.

**Copy/Cut &amp; paste.** I do it all the time. With all the contemporary editors you press &lt;kbd&gt;Shift&lt;/kbd&gt;  with the left hand, and you move the cursor with your right hand to select text. Then &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;C&lt;/kbd&gt; copies, you move the cursor and &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;V&lt;/kbd&gt; pastes.

With Vim it&#39;s horrible:

 - **`yy`** to copy one line (you almost never want the whole line!)
 - **`[number xx]yy`** to copy `xx` lines into the buffer. But you never know exactly if you&#39;ve selected what you wanted. I often have to do **`[number xx]dd`** then **`u`** to undo!

Another example? **Search &amp; replace.**

 - In [PSPad][2]: &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;+&lt;kbd&gt;f&lt;/kbd&gt; then type what you want you search for, then press &lt;kbd&gt;Enter&lt;/kbd&gt;.
 - In Vim: **`/`**, then type what you want to search for, then if there are some special characters put **`\`** before *each* special character, then press &lt;kbd&gt;Enter&lt;/kbd&gt;.

And everything with Vim is like that: it seems I don&#39;t know how to handle it the right way.

NB : **I&#39;ve already read the Vim [cheat][3] [sheet][4]** :)

My question is:

What is the way you use Vim that makes you more productive than with a contemporary editor?


  [1]: http://www.vim.org/
  [2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSPad
  [3]: http://www.viemu.com/vi-vim-cheat-sheet.gif
  [4]: http://www.fprintf.net/vimCheatSheet.html

What is your most productive shortcut with Vim?

I was wondering if this common IDE feature is available.

Suppose I open many files using Vim, using `vsplit` and `split`. Then, I close everything.

The next day, I want to recover those files. That is, recover the way they were opened, not having to open each one (using `split` and `vsplit`) again.

Is that possible?

UPDATE:

Using `mksession!` and `source` commands, mapping commands in `.vimrc` file, is there a way to parameterize mappings so as to write a specific file?

for example:

    map &lt;F2&gt; :mksession! ~/vim_session @INSERT_HERE&lt;cr&gt; &quot;Save session to @INSERTHERE file

Thanks in advance


Vi/Vim restore opened files

I only know of one instance using registers is via &lt;kbd&gt;Ctrl&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;R&lt;/kbd&gt;&lt;kbd&gt;*&lt;/kbd&gt; whereby I paste text from a clipboard. 

What are other uses of registers? How to use them? 

Everything you know about VI registers (let&#39;s focus on vi 7.2) -- share with us.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Maksim Vi.	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Linux	Alex Martelli	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Linux	AA.	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Linux	Luke	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Linux	Michael Kristofik	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 5 - Linux	Carson	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Setting the Vim background colors

Linux Problem Overview

Linux Solutions

Solution 1 - Linux

Solution 2 - Linux

Solution 3 - Linux

Solution 4 - Linux

Solution 5 - Linux

supplement of windows

How do I get the name of the active user via the command line in OS X?

Code for decoding/encoding a modified base64 URL (in ASP.NET Framework)

Attributions