Script to get the HTTP status code of a list of urls?
BashCurlHttp Status-CodesBash Problem Overview
I have a list of URLS that I need to check, to see if they still work or not. I would like to write a bash script that does that for me.
I only need the returned HTTP status code, i.e. 200, 404, 500 and so forth. Nothing more.
EDIT Note that there is an issue if the page says "404 not found" but returns a 200 OK message. It's a misconfigured web server, but you may have to consider this case.
For more on this, see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6439993/check-if-a-url-goes-to-a-page-containing-the-text-404
Bash Solutions
Solution 1 - Bash
Curl has a specific option, --write-out
, for this:
$ curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{http_code}\n' <url>
200
-o /dev/null
throws away the usual output--silent
throws away the progress meter--head
makes a HEAD HTTP request, instead of GET--write-out '%{http_code}\n'
prints the required status code
To wrap this up in a complete Bash script:
#!/bin/bash
while read LINE; do
curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out "%{http_code} $LINE\n" "$LINE"
done < url-list.txt
(Eagle-eyed readers will notice that this uses one curl process per URL, which imposes fork and TCP connection penalties. It would be faster if multiple URLs were combined in a single curl, but there isn't space to write out the monsterous repetition of options that curl requires to do this.)
Solution 2 - Bash
wget --spider -S "http://url/to/be/checked" 2>&1 | grep "HTTP/" | awk '{print $2}'
prints only the status code for you
Solution 3 - Bash
Extending the answer already provided by Phil. Adding parallelism to it is a no brainer in bash if you use xargs for the call.
Here the code:
xargs -n1 -P 10 curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{url_effective}: %{http_code}\n' < url.lst
-n1: use just one value (from the list) as argument to the curl call
-P10: Keep 10 curl processes alive at any time (i.e. 10 parallel connections)
Check the write_out
parameter in the manual of curl for more data you can extract using it (times, etc).
In case it helps someone this is the call I'm currently using:
xargs -n1 -P 10 curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{url_effective};%{http_code};%{time_total};%{time_namelookup};%{time_connect};%{size_download};%{speed_download}\n' < url.lst | tee results.csv
It just outputs a bunch of data into a csv file that can be imported into any office tool.
Solution 4 - Bash
This relies on widely available wget
, present almost everywhere, even on Alpine Linux.
wget --server-response --spider --quiet "${url}" 2>&1 | awk 'NR==1{print $2}'
The explanations are as follow :
--quiet
> Turn off Wget's output. > > Source - wget man pages
--spider
> [ ... ] it will not download the pages, just check that they are there. [ ... ] > > Source - wget man pages
--server-response
> Print the headers sent by HTTP servers and responses sent by FTP servers. > > Source - wget man pages
What they don't say about --server-response
is that those headers output are printed to standard error (sterr), thus the need to redirect to stdin.
The output sent to standard input, we can pipe it to awk
to extract the HTTP status code. That code is :
- the second (
$2
) non-blank group of characters:{$2}
- on the very first line of the header:
NR==1
And because we want to print it... {print $2}
.
wget --server-response --spider --quiet "${url}" 2>&1 | awk 'NR==1{print $2}'
Solution 5 - Bash
Use curl
to fetch the HTTP-header only (not the whole file) and parse it:
$ curl -I --stderr /dev/null http://www.google.co.uk/index.html | head -1 | cut -d' ' -f2
200
Solution 6 - Bash
wget -S -i *file*
will get you the headers from each url in a file.
Filter though grep
for the status code specifically.
Solution 7 - Bash
I found a tool "webchk” written in Python. Returns a status code for a list of urls. https://pypi.org/project/webchk/
Output looks like this:
▶ webchk -i ./dxieu.txt | grep '200'
http://salesforce-case-status.dxi.eu/login ... 200 OK (0.108)
https://support.dxi.eu/hc/en-gb ... 200 OK (0.389)
https://support.dxi.eu/hc/en-gb ... 200 OK (0.401)
Hope that helps!
Solution 8 - Bash
Keeping in mind that curl is not always available (particularly in containers), there are issues with this solution:
wget --server-response --spider --quiet "${url}" 2>&1 | awk 'NR==1{print $2}'
which will return exit status of 0 even if the URL doesn't exist.
Alternatively, here is a reasonable container health-check for using wget:
wget -S --spider -q -t 1 "${url}" 2>&1 | grep "200 OK" > /dev/null
While it may not give you exact status out, it will at least give you a valid exit code based health responses (even with redirects on the endpoint).
Solution 9 - Bash
Due to https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashPitfalls#Non-atomic_writes_with_xargs_-P (output from parallel jobs in xargs
risks being mixed), I would use GNU Parallel instead of xargs
to parallelize:
cat url.lst |
parallel -P0 -q curl -o /dev/null --silent --head --write-out '%{url_effective}: %{http_code}\n' > outfile
In this particular case it may be safe to use xargs
because the output is so short, so the problem with using xargs
is rather that if someone later changes the code to do something bigger, it will no longer be safe. Or if someone reads this question and thinks he can replace curl
with something else, then that may also not be safe.