    SELECT TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, COLUMN_NAME, COLLATION_NAME
        FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS

Bear in mind that collation can be defined to tables and also to columns.

A column&#39;s collation might be different to its parent table. Here is a query to get the collation from tables (not columns)

    SELECT TABLE_CATALOG, TABLE_SCHEMA, TABLE_NAME, TABLE_COLLATION
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;

Output information(status) about all tables in the database as &quot;phpmyadmin&quot;:

    SHOW TABLE STATUS FROM your_db_name;



Run this to see columns that not matching database collation. If you want to use these columns in your query and conditions you have to use COLLATE hint to match.

    SELECT 
    	 CLM.[TABLE_CATALOG]
    	,CLM.[TABLE_SCHEMA]
    	,CLM.[TABLE_NAME]
    	,CLM.[COLUMN_NAME]
    	,CASE
    		WHEN CLM.[CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH] IS NOT NULL THEN CLM.[DATA_TYPE] + &#39;(&#39; + CASE WHEN CLM.[CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH] = &#39;-1&#39; THEN &#39;max&#39; ELSE CAST(CLM.[CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH] AS NVARCHAR(10)) END + &#39;)&#39;
    		ELSE CLM.[DATA_TYPE]
    	 END AS [DATA_TYPE]
    	,CLM.[CHARACTER_SET_NAME]
    	,CLM.[COLLATION_NAME]
    --	,CLM.* 
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS CLM (NOLOCK)
    	LEFT JOIN sys.databases DBS (NOLOCK) ON CLM.[TABLE_CATALOG] = DBS.[name]
    WHERE CLM.[COLLATION_NAME] IS NOT NULL AND CLM.[COLLATION_NAME] != DBS.[collation_name]

I&#39;m using `lapply` to run a complex function on a large number of items, and I&#39;d like to save the output from each item (if any) together with any warnings/errors that were produced so that I can tell which item produced which warning/error. 

I found a way to catch warnings using `withCallingHandlers` ([described here](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4947528)).  However, I need to catch errors as well.  I can do it by wrapping it in a `tryCatch` (as in the code below), but is there a better way to do it?

    catchToList &lt;- function(expr) {
      val &lt;- NULL
      myWarnings &lt;- NULL
      wHandler &lt;- function(w) {
        myWarnings &lt;&lt;- c(myWarnings, w$message)
        invokeRestart(&quot;muffleWarning&quot;)
      }
      myError &lt;- NULL
      eHandler &lt;- function(e) {
        myError &lt;&lt;- e$message
        NULL
      }
      val &lt;- tryCatch(withCallingHandlers(expr, warning = wHandler), error = eHandler)
      list(value = val, warnings = myWarnings, error=myError)
    } 

Sample output of this function is:

    &gt; catchToList({warning(&quot;warning 1&quot;);warning(&quot;warning 2&quot;);1})
    $value
    [1] 1
    
    $warnings
    [1] &quot;warning 1&quot; &quot;warning 2&quot;
    
    $error
    NULL

    &gt; catchToList({warning(&quot;my warning&quot;);stop(&quot;my error&quot;)})
    $value
    NULL
    
    $warnings
    [1] &quot;my warning&quot;
    
    $error
    [1] &quot;my error&quot;

There are several questions here on SO that discuss `tryCatch` and error handling, but none that I found that address this particular issue.  See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3903157, https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4020239, and https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2589275 for the most relevant ones.

How do I save warnings and errors as output from a function?

I have my div with a right click popup menu:

    // Attatch right click event to folder for extra options
    $(&#39;#fBox&#39; + folderID).mousedown(function(event) {
        if (event.which == 3) {

            // Set ID
            currRClickFolder = folderID;

            // Calculate position to show popup menu
            var height = $(&#39;#folderRClickMenu&#39;).height();
            var width = $(&#39;#folderRClickMenu&#39;).width();
            leftVal = event.pageX - (width / 2) + &quot;px&quot;;
            topVal = event.pageY - (height) + &quot;px&quot;;
            $(&#39;#folderRClickMenu&#39;).css({ left: leftVal, top: topVal }).show();

        }
    });

But the browser for this element still pops up the default menu (copy/paste/properties etc).  Any way to disable this?  I&#39;ve tried return false but not luck.

Jquery/JS prevent right click menu in browsers

Is there a query that can be run in mysql that shows all tables and their default collation?  Even better if there was on that could show all collations on all columns of all tables.

Query to show all tables and their collation

<p>Is there a query that can be run in mysql that shows all tables and their default collation?  Even better if there was on that could show all collations on all columns of all tables.</p>


I am using ActiveState Python 3 on Windows and wanted to connect to my MySQL database.
I heard that [`mysqldb`](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/MySQL-python/1.2.5) was the module to use.
I can&#39;t find `mysqldb` for Python 3.

Is there a repository available where the binaries exist for `mysqldb`?
How can I connect to MySQL in Python 3 on Windows?

How can I connect to MySQL in Python 3 on Windows?

On [Mac OS X v10.6][1] (Snow Leopard), starting MySQL gives the following error:

&gt; The server quit without updating PID file

### File *my.cnf* ###

```lang-none
[mysqld]
port            = 3306

socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 16K

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
```

  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard






MySQL server startup error &#39;The server quit without updating PID file&#39;

I&#39;m writing an iPhone app as a hobby project and it will need a web service to provide it with data. It&#39;s not very different from what I do at work, but at work I only write views and controllers. Someone else is responsible for writing the model and usually the clients provide the web service.

I have done some web programming before, back when everyone were using MySQL and PHP, so my skills are a bit outdated, but I&#39;m confident that I would be able to pull it of using the techniques I already know. However, I don&#39;t want to waste my time using obsolete tools. I&#39;ve figured out that the state of the art would be to write a REST API. I was thinking that there should be some pretty good frameworks out there that pretty much just gives you a REST API with CRUD functionality as soon as you&#39;ve defined a model.

I guess my question is: What would be the fastest way to get a REST API up and running? I really just want to focus on writing the iPhone app and not spend too much time on this API. It would be great if I could get web administration and revision history too. I should also add that the API isn&#39;t supposed to be public, so support for authentication would be great as well.

Just to be clear. I wouldn&#39;t mind a PHP framework. In fact it could possibly be better since I know that my current hosting supports it.

How to write a REST API?

I&#39;m writing an application that doesn&#39;t necessarily need **scaling abilities** as it won&#39;t be collecting large amounts data at the beginning. (However, if I&#39;m lucky, I could down the road potentially.)

I will be running my web server and database on the same box (for now).

That being said, I am looking for performance and efficiency. 

The main part of my application will be loading blog articles. Using an RDBMS (MySQL) I will make 6 queries (2 of the queries being joins), just to load a single blog article page. 

    select blog
    select blog_album
    select blog_tags
    select blog_notes
    select blog_comments (join with users)
    select blog_author_participants (join with users)

However, with [MongoDB][1] I can de-normalize and flatten 6 tables into just 2 tables/collections and minimizes my queries to potentially just one 1 query,

    users
    blogs
        -&gt;blog_album
        -&gt;blog_tags        
        -&gt;blog_notes
        -&gt;blog_comments
        -&gt;blog_author_participants

Now, going with the MongoDB schema, there will be some data redundancy. However, hard drive space is cheaper than CPU/servers. 

1.) Would this be a good scenario to use MongoDB? 

2.) Do you only benefit in performance using MongoDB when scaling beyond a single server?

3.) Are there any durability risks using MongoDB? I hear that there is potential for loss of data while performing inserts - as insert are written to memory first, then to the database.

4.) Should this stop me from using MongoDB in production?

  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MongoDB


When to use MongoDB

What is the best field type and length for storing IP addresses in a MySQL database?

What about for IPv6?

Best way to store IP in database?

Is there a schema validation language for YAML? I&#39;ve googled but couldn&#39;t find anything useful.

Something like XSD format, using the language itself to describe the schema, would be the best choice in my case. 

YAML Schema Validation?

I need to write an **sql script** that creates both a **new database *AND* a new schema** in the database I just created.

How can I do it? Can I somehow change the current database to the new one? Or can I somehow specify the database for CREATE SCHEMA?

I&#39;m using PostgreSQL 9.0

PostgreSQL: Create schema in specific database

I used to think schema were the &quot;upper wrapper&quot; object before the database itself.
I mean `DB.schema.&lt;what_ever_object_name_under_schema&gt;`.

Well, the catalog &quot;wrapper&quot; is now quite confusing. Why should we need a catalog? For what purpose, precisely should the catalog be used?




What&#39;s the difference between a catalog and a schema in a relational database?

In an xml schema document, if I have both the targetNamespace and the xmlns **without a prefix**.
    
    &lt;xsd:schema xmlns:xsd=&quot;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema&quot; 
                targetNamespace=&quot;http://example.com/&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://example.com/&quot;&gt;

What is the exact difference between them? My comprehension is that if you have an xmlns without a prefix, all elements without prefix gets that namespace and...confusingly the same goes for targetNamespace.


targetNamespace and xmlns without prefix, what is the difference?

Is it possible to define in which schema new tables get created by default? (Referred by &quot;unqualified table names&quot;.)

I&#39;ve seen some details about using the &quot;search path&quot; in Postgres, but I think it only works while retrieving data, not creating.

I have a bunch of SQL scripts, which create many tables. Instead of modifying the scripts, I want to set the database create tables in a specific schema by default - when they have unqualified names.

Is this possible?

How does the search_path influence identifier resolution and the &quot;current schema&quot;

I have an SQL query to create the database in SQLServer as given below:

&lt;!-- language: lang-sql --&gt;

    create database yourdb
    on
    ( name = &#39;yourdb_dat&#39;,
      filename = &#39;c:\program files\microsoft sql server\mssql.1\mssql\data\yourdbdat.mdf&#39;,
      size = 25mb,
      maxsize = 1500mb,
      filegrowth = 10mb )
    log on
    ( name = &#39;yourdb_log&#39;,
      filename = &#39;c:\program files\microsoft sql server\mssql.1\mssql\data\yourdblog.ldf&#39;,
      size = 7mb,
      maxsize = 375mb,
      filegrowth = 10mb )
    COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS;
    go

It runs fine.

While rest of the SQL is clear to be I am quite confused about the functionality of `COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS`.

Can anyone explain this to me? Also, I would like to know if creating the database in this way is a best practice?

What does &#39;COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS&#39; do?

By default - what is the character encoding set for a database in Microsoft SQL Server?

How can I see the current character encoding in SQL Server?

SQL Server default character encoding

While answering [this question][1], I became uncertain about something that I didn&#39;t manage to find a sufficient answer to.

What are the practical differences between using the binary `utf8_bin` and the case insensitive `utf8_general_ci` collations? 

I can see three:

 1. Both have a different sorting order; `_bin`&#39;s sorting order is likely to put any umlauts to the end of the alphabet, because byte values are compared (right?)

 2. Only case sensitive searches in `_bin` 

 3. No `A = &#196;` equality in `_bin`

Are there any other differences or side-effects to be aware of?




Reference:

 * [9.1.2. Character Sets and Collations in MySQL][2]
 * [9.1.7.6. The _bin and binary Collations][3] in the mySQL manual
 * [9.1.7.7. The BINARY Operator][4]

Similar questions that don&#39;t address the issue:

 * https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2344118/utf-8-general-bin-unicode 


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5526169/what-is-the-best-mysql-collation-for-german-language/5526189#5526189
  [2]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-mysql.html
  [3]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-binary-collations.html
  [4]: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/charset-binary-op.html

What effects does using a binary collation have?

Our previous programmer set the wrong collation in a table (Mysql). He set it up with Latin collation, when it should be UTF8, and now I have issues. Every record with Chinese and Japan character turn to ??? character.

Is possible to change collation and get back the detail of character?

How to change the CHARACTER SET (and COLLATION) throughout a database?

What is the reasoning behind setting `latin1_swedish_ci` as the compiled default when other options seem much more reasonable, like `latin1_general_ci` or `utf8_general_ci`?


Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Parris Varney	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Mysql	Joe Stefanelli	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Mysql	ThiagoPXP	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Mysql	Andrinux	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Mysql	Emrah Saglam	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Query to show all tables and their collation

Mysql Problem Overview

Mysql Solutions

Solution 1 - Mysql

Solution 2 - Mysql

Solution 3 - Mysql

Solution 4 - Mysql

Jquery/JS prevent right click menu in browsers

How do I save warnings and errors as output from a function?

Attributions