Looks like OpenGL is trying to report some error on Win2003, however you&#39;ve not configured your system where to output logging info.

You can add the following to the beginning of your program and you&#39;ll see details of the error in stderr.

    import logging
    logging.basicConfig()

Checkout documentation on [logging][1] module to get more config info, conceptually it&#39;s similar to log4J.


  [1]: https://docs.python.org/2/library/logging.html

The [proper way][1] to get rid of this message is to configure NullHandler for the root level logger of your library (OpenGL).


  [1]: https://github.com/techtonik/rainforce/blob/master/WartsOfPython.wiki#logging

After adding the Logging above, I was able to see that the problem was caused by missing TConstants class, which I was excluding in the py2exe setup.py file.  

After removing the &quot;Tconstants&quot; from the excluded list, I no longer had problems.

What is the origin of the term reflection?  It seems more like introspection.  Why isn&#39;t it called that?

[Introspection][1]: A looking inward; specifically, the act or process of self-examination.

[Reflection][2]:

  1. the act of reflecting or the state of being reflected.
  2. an image; representation; counterpart
  3. a fixing of the thoughts on something; careful consideration
  4. a thought occurring in consideration or meditation. 



  [1]: http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/introspection
  [2]: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reflection

Why is reflection called reflection instead of introspection?

When I get a vanilla Windows system, there&#39;s a bunch of stuff I change to make it more developer-friendly.

Some of it I remember every time, other stuff I only do as and when.

Examples:

 - Show extensions of all file types
 - Make hidden and system file visible
 - Turn off Windows Defender

I seem to remember a blog post from Jeff on this topic, but can&#39;t locate it!

What else do you do, and do you have any tools that automate this process?


As a developer, what changes do you make to a vanilla Windows install?

Okay, what is it, and why does it occur on Win2003 server, but not on WinXP.

It doesn&#39;t seem to affect my application at all, but I get this error message when I close the application.  And it&#39;s annoying (as errors messages should be).

I am using pyOpenGl and wxPython to do the graphics stuff.  Unfortunately, I&#39;m a C# programmer that has taken over this Python app, and I had to learn Python to do it.

I can supply code and version numbers etc, but I&#39;m still learning the technical stuff, so any help would be appreciated.

Python 2.5, wxPython and pyOpenGL


Python - No handlers could be found for logger &quot;OpenGL.error&quot;

Okay, what is it, and why does it occur on Win2003 server, but not on WinXP.
It doesn't seem to affect my application at all, but I get this error message when I close the application. And it's annoying (as errors messages should be).
I am using pyOpenGl and wxPython to do the graphics stuff. Unfortunately, I'm a C# programmer that has taken over this Python app, and I had to learn Python to do it.
I can supply code and version numbers etc, but I'm still learning the technical stuff, so any help would be appreciated.
Python 2.5, wxPython and pyOpenGL

I&#39;m trying to format numbers. Examples:

    1     =&gt; 1
    12    =&gt; 12
    123   =&gt; 123
    1234  =&gt; 1,234
    12345 =&gt; 12,345

It strikes as a fairly common thing to do but I can&#39;t figure out which filter I&#39;m supposed to use.

Edit: If you&#39;ve a generic Python way to do this, I&#39;m happy adding a formatted field in my model.

Format numbers in django templates

I&#39;m trying to create a Python script that opens several databases and compares their contents.  In the process of creating that script, I&#39;ve run into a problem in creating a list whose contents are objects that I&#39;ve created.

I&#39;ve simplified the program to its bare bones for this posting. First I create a new class, create a new instance of it, assign it an attribute and then write it to a list.  Then I assign a new value to the instance and again write it to a list... and again and again...

Problem is, it&#39;s always the same object so I&#39;m really just changing the base object.  When I read the list, I get a repeat of the same object over and over.  

So how do you write objects to a list within a loop?



Here&#39;s my simplified code

    class SimpleClass(object):
        pass

    x = SimpleClass
    # Then create an empty list
    simpleList = []
    #Then loop through from 0 to 3 adding an attribute to the instance &#39;x&#39; of SimpleClass
    for count in range(0,4):       
        # each iteration creates a slightly different attribute value, and then prints it to
    # prove that step is working
    # but the problem is, I&#39;m always updating a reference to &#39;x&#39; and what I want to add to
    # simplelist is a new instance of x that contains the updated attribute

    x.attr1= &#39;*Bob* &#39;* count
    print &quot;Loop Count: %s Attribute Value %s&quot; % (count, x.attr1)
    simpleList.append(x)

    print &#39;-&#39;*20
    # And here I print out each instance of the object stored in the list &#39;simpleList&#39;
    # and the problem surfaces.  Every element of &#39;simpleList&#39; contains the same      attribute value

    y = SimpleClass
    print &quot;Reading the attributes from the objects in the list&quot;
    for count in range(0,4):
        y = simpleList[count]
        print y.attr1

So how do I (append, extend, copy or whatever) the elements of simpleList so that each entry contains a different instance of the object instead of all pointing to the same one?


Creating a list of objects in Python

If I have a Django form such as:

    class ContactForm(forms.Form):
        subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100)
        message = forms.CharField()
        sender = forms.EmailField()

And I call the as_table() method of an instance of this form, Django will render the fields as the same order as specified above.

My question is how does Django know the order that class variables where defined?  

(Also how do I override this order, for example when I want to add a field from the classe&#39;s __init__ method?)

How does Django Know the Order to Render Form Fields?

Does anyone know of a really simple way of capitalizing just the first letter of a string, regardless of the capitalization of the rest of the string?

For example:

    asimpletest -&gt; Asimpletest
    aSimpleTest -&gt; ASimpleTest

I would like to be able to do all string lengths as well.

Capitalize a string

Recently I needed to do weighted random selection of elements from a list, both with and without replacement. While there are well known and good algorithms for unweighted selection, and some for weighted selection without replacement (such as modifications of the resevoir algorithm), I couldn&#39;t find any good algorithms for weighted selection with replacement. I also wanted to avoid the resevoir method, as I was selecting a significant fraction of the list, which is small enough to hold in memory.

Does anyone have any suggestions on the best approach in this situation? I have my own solutions, but I&#39;m hoping to find something more efficient, simpler, or both.

Weighted random selection with and without replacement

Why one would use one of the following packages instead of the other?

  - Java Logging
  - Commons Logging
  - Log4j
  - SLF4j
  - Logback


What&#39;s Up with Logging in Java?

So for viewing a current object&#39;s state at runtime, I really like what the Visual Studio Immediate window gives me.  Just doing a simple

    ? objectname

Will give me a nicely formatted &#39;dump&#39; of the object.  

**Is there an easy way to do this in code, so I can do something similar when logging?**

What is the best way to dump entire objects to a log in C#?

I have a script which will be run interactively by non-technical users. The script writes status updates to STDOUT so that the user can be sure that the script is running OK.

I want both STDOUT and STDERR redirected to the terminal (so that the user can see that the script is working as well as see if there was a problem). I also want both streams redirected to a log file.

I&#39;ve seen a bunch of solutions on the net. Some don&#39;t work and others are horribly complicated. I&#39;ve developed a workable solution (which I&#39;ll enter as an answer), but it&#39;s kludgy.

The perfect solution would be a single line of code that could be incorporated into the beginning of any script that sends both streams to both the terminal and a log file.

**EDIT:** Redirecting STDERR to STDOUT and piping the result to tee works, but it depends on the users remembering to redirect and pipe the output. I want the logging to be fool-proof and automatic (which is why I&#39;d like to be able to embed the solution into the script itself.)

How do I get both STDOUT and STDERR to go to the terminal and a log file?

I would like to store log4net config data in my application.config file. Based on my understanding of the documentation, I did the following:

1. Add a reference to log4net.dll

2. Add the following line in AssemblyInfo.cs:  
   
        [assembly: log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator(Watch = true)]

3. Initialize the logger as follows:
   
        private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(frmWizard));

4. I have the following code in my app.config:

&lt;!-- language: xml --&gt;

        &lt;configSections&gt;
          &lt;section name=&quot;log4net&quot; type=&quot;log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net&quot; /&gt;
        &lt;/configSections&gt;
        &lt;log4net&gt;
          &lt;appender name=&quot;EventLogAppender&quot; type=&quot;log4net.Appender.EventLogAppender&quot; &gt;
            &lt;layout type=&quot;log4net.Layout.PatternLayout&quot;&gt;
              &lt;conversionPattern value=&quot;%date [%thread] %-5level %logger [%property{NDC}] - %message%newline&quot; /&gt;
            &lt;/layout&gt;
          &lt;/appender&gt;
          &lt;root&gt;
            &lt;level value=&quot;INFO&quot; /&gt;
            &lt;appender-ref ref=&quot;ConsoleAppender&quot; /&gt;
          &lt;/root&gt;
        &lt;/log4net&gt;

However, when I run the application, I get the following error on the console: 

&gt; No appender named [Consoleappender] could be found.

How can I get log4net to read settings from the config file?

Thanks!

    

Have log4net use application config file for configuration data

Some time ago, I saw a Mono application with colored output, presumably because of its log system (because all the messages were standardized). 

Now, Python has the `logging` module, which lets you specify a lot of options to customize output. So, I&#39;m imagining something similar would be possible with Python, but I can’t find out how to do this anywhere. 

Is there any way to make the Python `logging` module output in color? 

What I want (for instance) errors in red, debug messages in blue or yellow, and so on. 

Of course this would probably require a compatible terminal (most modern terminals are); but I could fallback to the original `logging` output if color isn&#39;t supported.

Any ideas how I can get colored output with the logging module?


How can I color Python logging output?

I&#39;d like to get a list of all the uniforms &amp; attribs used by a shader program object.  `glGetAttribLocation()` &amp; `glGetUniformLocation()` can be used to map a string to a location, but what I would really like is the list of strings without having to parse the glsl code.

Note: In OpenGL 2.0 `glGetObjectParameteriv()` is replaced by `glGetProgramiv()`.  And the enum is `GL_ACTIVE_UNIFORMS` &amp; `GL_ACTIVE_ATTRIBUTES`.


In OpenGL is there a way to get a list of all uniforms &amp; attribs used by a shader program?

I find that a lot of the time, OpenGL will show you it failed by not drawing anything. I&#39;m trying to find ways to debug OpenGL programs, by inspecting the transformation matrix stack and so on. What is the best way to debug OpenGL? If the code looks and feels like the vertices are in the right place, how can you be sure they are?

What is the best way to debug OpenGL?

Is there free OpenGL support libraries for C#? If so, which one do I use and where do I find sample projects?

Does C# provide classes for OpenGL?

Using OpenGl with C#?

I&#39;m new to OpenGL and I&#39;m a little overwhelmed with all of the random functions that I have in my code. They work and I know when to use them, but I don&#39;t know why I need them or what they actually do.

I know that `glLoadIdentity()` replaces the current matrix with the identity matrix, but what exactly does that do? If every program requires it, why isn&#39;t the identity matrix by default unless otherwise specified? I don&#39;t like to have functions in my code unless I know what they do. I should note that I am using OpenGL exclusively for rich 2D clients so excuse my ignorance if this is something very obvious for 3D.

Also a little confused about `glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)` VS `glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)`.

What does glLoadIdentity() do in OpenGL?

I have written some effects in C++ (g++) using freeglut on Linux, and I compile them with

    g++ -Wall -lglut part8.cpp -o part8

So I was wondering if it is possible to have g++ make static compiled Windows executables that contains everything needed?

I don&#39;t have Windows, so it would be really cool, if I could do that on Linux :)

How to compile for Windows on Linux with gcc/g++?

I have a series of images that I want to create a video from.  Ideally I could specify a frame duration for each frame but a fixed frame rate would be fine too.  I&#39;m doing this in wxPython, so I can render to a wxDC or I can save the images to files, like PNG.  Is there a Python library that will allow me to create either a video (AVI, MPG, etc) or an animated GIF from these frames?

Edit: I&#39;ve already tried PIL and it doesn&#39;t seem to work.  Can someone correct me with this conclusion or suggest another toolkit?  This link seems to backup my conclusion regarding PIL: http://www.somethinkodd.com/oddthinking/2005/12/06/python-imaging-library-pil-and-animated-gifs/

Programmatically generate video or animated GIF in Python?

I&#39;m looking for the same effect as `alert()` in JavaScript.

I wrote a simple web-based interpreter this afternoon using Twisted.web. You basically submit a block of Python code through a form, and the client comes and grabs it and executes it. I want to be able to make a simple popup message, without having to re-write a whole bunch of boilerplate wxPython or TkInter code every time (since the code gets submitted through a form and then disappears).

I&#39;ve tried tkMessageBox:

    import tkMessageBox
    tkMessageBox.showinfo(title=&quot;Greetings&quot;, message=&quot;Hello World!&quot;)

but this opens another window in the background with a tk icon. I don&#39;t want this. I was looking for some simple wxPython code but it always required setting up a class and entering an app loop etc. Is there no simple, catch-free way of making a message box in Python?

How can I create a simple message box in Python?

What&#39;s the proper way to tell a looping thread to stop looping? 

I have a fairly simple program that pings a specified host in a separate `threading.Thread` class. In this class it sleeps 60 seconds, the runs again until the application quits.

I&#39;d like to implement a &#39;Stop&#39; button in my `wx.Frame` to ask the looping thread to stop. It doesn&#39;t need to end the thread right away, it can just stop looping once it wakes up. 

Here is my `threading` class (note: I haven&#39;t implemented looping yet, but it would likely fall under the run method in PingAssets)

    class PingAssets(threading.Thread):
        def __init__(self, threadNum, asset, window):
            threading.Thread.__init__(self)
            self.threadNum = threadNum
            self.window = window
            self.asset = asset
    
        def run(self):
            config = controller.getConfig()
            fmt = config[&#39;timefmt&#39;]
            start_time = datetime.now().strftime(fmt)
            try:
                if onlinecheck.check_status(self.asset):
                    status = &quot;online&quot;
                else:
                    status = &quot;offline&quot;
            except socket.gaierror:
                status = &quot;an invalid asset tag.&quot;
            msg =(&quot;{}: {} is {}.   \n&quot;.format(start_time, self.asset, status))
            wx.CallAfter(self.window.Logger, msg)

And in my wxPyhton Frame I have this function called from a Start button:

    def CheckAsset(self, asset):
            self.count += 1
            thread = PingAssets(self.count, asset, self)
            self.threads.append(thread)
            thread.start()

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Paige Watson	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Kozyarchuk	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	anatoly techtonik	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Python	Paige Watson	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Python - No handlers could be found for logger "OpenGL.error"

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

Solution 3 - Python

As a developer, what changes do you make to a vanilla Windows install?

Why is reflection called reflection instead of introspection?

Attributions