Possible duplicate: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7279810/what-does-a-in-an-import-statement-in-python-mean

The `.` is a shortcut that tells it to search in the *current* package before the rest of the `PYTHONPATH`. So, if a same-named module `Recipe` exists somewhere else in your `PYTHONPATH`, it won&#39;t be loaded.

In addition of Sudeep Juvekar, this question is also related to `manage.py`&#39;s behavior.

In [django-admin.py and manage.py][1]:&lt;br&gt;
&gt; It puts your project’s package on `sys.path`.


  [1]: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/django-admin/

I want to check if a point lies within a specific polygon. The polygon is: 

     polygon=   [ [-73.89632720118, 40.8515320489962],
                  [-73.8964878416508, 40.8512476593594],
                  [-73.8968799791431, 40.851375925454],
                  [-73.8967188588015, 40.851660158514],
                  [-73.89632720118, 40.8515320489962] ]
              

The points I want to check are:

    1 = [40.8515320489962,-73.89632720118]
    2 = [40.8512476593594,-73.8964878416508]
    3 = [40.851375925454,-73.8968799791431]
    4 = [40.851660158514,-73.8967188588015]
    5 = [40.8515320489962,-73.89632720118]

How can I tell if each of these points lies within this polygon? 

The algorithm below does not work. I don&#39;t know why. 

    pt[lat,long]
  
    function isPointInPoly(poly, pt){
        for(var c = false, i = -1, l = poly.length, j = l - 1; ++i &lt; l; j = i)
            ((poly[i][1] &lt;= pt[1] &amp;&amp; pt[1] &lt; poly[j][1]) || (poly[j][1] &lt;= pt[1] &amp;&amp; pt[1] &lt; poly[i][1]))
            &amp;&amp; (pt[0] &lt; (poly[j][0] - poly[i][0]) * (pt[1] - poly[i][1]) / (poly[j][1] - poly[i][1]) + poly[i][0])
            &amp;&amp; (c = !c);
        return c;
    }

I don&#39;t want to use a third party solution such as google maps API or this one https://github.com/mattwilliamson/Google-Maps-Point-in-Polygon.


My attempt is here: 
http://jsfiddle.net/nvNNF/2/


Check if Point Is Inside A Polygon

Why does `replace=true` or `replace=false` not have any impact in the code below?

Why isn&#39;t the &quot;some existing content&quot; being displayed when replace=false?

Or putting it more humbly, can you kindly explain what is the `replace=true/false` feature in directives and how to use it?

**Example**

JS/Angular:

	&lt;script&gt;
		angular.module(&#39;scopes&#39;, [])
			  .controller(&#39;Ctrl&#39;, function($scope) {
                    $scope.title = &quot;hello&quot;;

			  })
			  .directive(&#39;myDir&#39;, function() {
			    return {
			      restrict: &#39;E&#39;,
                  replace: true,
				  template: &#39;&lt;div&gt;{{title}}&lt;/div&gt;&#39;
			    };
		  });
	&lt;/script&gt;

HTML:

	&lt;div ng-controller=&quot;Ctrl&quot;&gt;
		&lt;my-dir&gt;&lt;h3&gt;some existing content&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;/my-dir&gt;
	&lt;/div&gt;

See it in Plunker here:

http://plnkr.co/edit/4ywZGwfsKHLAoGL38vvW?p=preview


How to use the &#39;replace&#39; feature for custom AngularJS directives?

Looking through a Django tutorial I saw the following syntax:


    from .models import Recipe, Ingredient, Instruction

Can someone explain how the .models works / what it does exactly? Usually I have: 

    from myapp.models import
 

How does it work without the myapp part in front of .models?

Python &quot;from [dot]package import ...&quot; syntax

Looking through a Django tutorial I saw the following syntax:
<pre><code class="hljs language-javascript">from .models import Recipe, Ingredient, Instruction
</code></pre>
Can someone explain how the .models works / what it does exactly? Usually I have:
<pre><code class="hljs language-javascript">from myapp.models import
</code></pre>
How does it work without the myapp part in front of .models?

I am writing a python MapReduce word count program. Problem is that there are many non-alphabet chars strewn about in the data, I have found this post https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1276764/stripping-everything-but-alphanumeric-chars-from-a-string-in-python which shows a nice solution using regex, but I am not sure how to implement it

    def mapfn(k, v):
        print v
        import re, string 
        pattern = re.compile(&#39;[\W_]+&#39;)
        v = pattern.match(v)
        print v
        for w in v.split():
            yield w, 1

I&#39;m afraid I am not sure how to use the library `re` or even regex for that matter. I am not sure how to apply the regex pattern to the incoming string (line of a book) `v` properly to retrieve the new line without any non-alphanumeric chars.

Suggestions?

Python, remove all non-alphabet chars from string

I want to install setup file of twilio. When I install it through given command it is given me an error:
&gt;No module named setuptools. 

Could you please let me know what should I do?

I am using `python 2.7` 


    Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601]
    Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

    C:\Python27&gt;python D:\test\twilio-twilio-python-26f6707\setup.py install
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File &quot;D:\test\twilio-twilio-python-26f6707\setup.py&quot;, line 2, in &lt;module&gt;
        from setuptools import setup, find_packages
    ImportError: No module named setuptools


No module named setuptools

I have two Django models which inherit from a base class:

    - Request
        - Inquiry
        - Analysis

Request has two foreign keys to the built-in User model.

    create_user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name=&#39;requests_created&#39;)
    assign_user = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name=&#39;requests_assigned&#39;)

For some reason I&#39;m getting the error

`Reverse accessor for &#39;Analysis.assign_user&#39; clashes with reverse accessor for &#39;Inquiry.assign_user&#39;.`

Everything I&#39;ve read says that setting the `related_name` should prevent the clash, but I&#39;m still getting the same error. Can anyone think of why this would be happening? Thanks!


Django: reverse accessors for foreign keys clashing

I have a pandas df and would like to accomplish something along these lines (in SQL terms):

    SELECT * FROM df WHERE column1 = &#39;a&#39; OR column2 = &#39;b&#39; OR column3 = &#39;c&#39; etc.

Now this works, for one column/value pair:

    foo = df.loc[df[&#39;column&#39;]==value]

However, I&#39;m not sure how to expand that to multiple column/value pairs.

 - To be clear, each column matches a different value.

How to implement a Boolean search with multiple columns in pandas

Without using `groupby` how would I filter out data without `NaN`?

Let say I have a matrix where customers will fill in `&#39;N/A&#39;,&#39;n/a&#39;` or any of its variations and others leave it blank:

    import pandas as pd
    import numpy as np
    
    
    df = pd.DataFrame({&#39;movie&#39;: [&#39;thg&#39;, &#39;thg&#39;, &#39;mol&#39;, &#39;mol&#39;, &#39;lob&#39;, &#39;lob&#39;],
                      &#39;rating&#39;: [3., 4., 5., np.nan, np.nan, np.nan],
                      &#39;name&#39;: [&#39;John&#39;, np.nan, &#39;N/A&#39;, &#39;Graham&#39;, np.nan, np.nan]})
    
    nbs = df[&#39;name&#39;].str.extract(&#39;^(N/A|NA|na|n/a)&#39;)
    nms=df[(df[&#39;name&#39;] != nbs) ]

output:

    &gt;&gt;&gt; nms
      movie    name  rating
    0   thg    John       3
    1   thg     NaN       4
    3   mol  Graham     NaN
    4   lob     NaN     NaN
    5   lob     NaN     NaN


How would I filter out `NaN` values so I can get results to work with like this:


      movie    name  rating
    0   thg    John       3
    3   mol  Graham     NaN

I am guessing I need something like `~np.isnan` but the tilda does not work with strings.

Python pandas Filtering out nan from a data selection of a column of strings

I am trying to run this python module


    from settings import PROJECT_ROOT
    
    DEBUG = True
    TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG
    
    
    DATABASES = {
        &#39;default&#39;: {
            &#39;ENGINE&#39;:  &#39;django.db.backends.sqlite3&#39;,
            &#39;NAME&#39; : os.path.join(BASE_DIR, &#39;db_name.sqlite3&#39;),
        }
    }
    
    
    # Make this unique, and don&#39;t share it with anybody.
    SECRET_KEY = &#39;sdfgtardyure34654356435&#39;
    
    # Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django&#39;s runserver; added in v1.4
    WSGI_APPLICATION = &#39;wsgi.application&#39;
    
    ############### PYSEC specific variables
    
    # assumes this directory exists
    DATA_DIR = &quot;%s/pysec/data/&quot; % PROJECT_ROOT

But whenever i try to run it by `F5` i get this

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File &quot;C:\Python27\pysec-master\local_settings-example.py&quot;, line 11, in &lt;module&gt;
        &#39;NAME&#39; : os.path.join(BASE_DIR, &#39;db_name.sqlite3&#39;),
    NameError: name &#39;os&#39; is not defined

The module lives in the `C:\Python27\pysec-master` and i got pysec for [here][1]

Do you know what must i do to run the module with success?


  [1]: https://github.com/lukerosiak/pysec

Python name &#39;os&#39; is not defined

Python uses the `PYTHONPATH` environment-variable to determine in which folders it should look for modules.
You can play around with it by modifying `sys.path`, which works nicely for pure Python-Modules.
But when a module uses shared object files or static libraries, it looks for those in `LD_LIBRARY_PATH` (on linux), but this can&#39;t be changed as easily and is platform dependent as far as I know.

The quick-fix for this problem is of course to set the environment-variable or invoke the script like `LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./script.py`, but then you&#39;ll have to set it again for every new shell you open.
Also, the `.so` files in my case will always be in the same directory as the `.py` file, but may very well be moved to another absolute path, so I&#39;d like to set them automatically every time I invoke the script.

*How can I edit the path in which the Python interpreter looks for libraries platform-independently on runtime?*

### EDIT:

I already tried `os.environ[&#39;LD_LIBRARY_PATH&#39;] = os.getcwd()`, but to no avail.


Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH before importing in python

I have written a library in Swift and I wasn&#39;t able to import it to my current project, written in Objective-C.

Are there any ways to import it? 

    #import &quot;SCLAlertView.swift&quot; - &#39;SCLAlertView.swift&#39; file not found

How can I import Swift code to Objective-C?

I am using PyCharm as an editor for python code in Houdini. Whenever I try to import the main Houdini library (hou) I get an error flagged in PyCharm. If I include the code snippet:-


    try:  
       import hou  
    except ImportError:  
        # Add $HFS/houdini/python2.6libs to sys.path so Python can find the  
        # hou module.  
        sys.path.append(os.environ[&#39;HFS&#39;] + &quot;/houdini/python%d.%dlibs&quot; % sys.version_info[:2])  
        import hou 

my code executes, without problem, from both Houdini and my selected interpreter.

My problem is with PyCharm itself. The editor flags &#39;import hou&#39; as an error and any subsequent files that import this file flag modules imported by this file as errors as well. Hence I loose type ahead functionality and get an over abundance of error messages that make it hard to spot the real problems.

How do I get PyCharm to recognize the path to the hou module.

I have tried, for a couple of days, to Google a solution to this problem but they all seem to refer to tabs and settings that are not in my version of PyCharm (Community Edition 3.4.1). E.G. my &#39;Project Interpreter&#39; setting only has a list of Packages and has no &#39;path&#39; tab as stated in many &#39;fixes&#39; to closely related problems.


PyCharm import external library

I use Sublime Text 3 in my company and I want to export all the settings, including packages and whatever, to use the same configurations in Sublime Text 3 I have at home. How can I do this?

PS.: I use Windows 8

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	wobbily_col	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Sudeep Juvekar	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	Zulu	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Python "from [dot]package import ..." syntax

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

How to use the 'replace' feature for custom AngularJS directives?

Check if Point Is Inside A Polygon

Attributions