Are you using python 2.x or 3.0?

If you&#39;re using 2.x, try making the regex string a unicode-escape string, with &#39;u&#39;. Since it&#39;s regex it&#39;s good practice to make your regex string a raw string, with &#39;r&#39;. Also, putting your entire pattern in parentheses is superfluous.

    re.sub(ur&#39;[\u064B-\u0652\u06D4\u0670\u0674\u06D5-\u06ED]+&#39;, &#39;&#39;, ...)

http://docs.python.org/tutorial/introduction.html#unicode-strings

Edit:

It&#39;s also good practice to use the re.UNICODE/re.U/(?u) flag for unicode regexes, but it only affects character class aliases like \w or \b, of which this pattern does not use any and so would not be affected by.

Use [unicode][1] strings. Use the [re.UNICODE][2] flag.

    &gt;&gt;&gt; myre = re.compile(ur&#39;[\u064B-\u0652\u06D4\u0670\u0674\u06D5-\u06ED]+&#39;, 
                          re.UNICODE)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; myre
    &lt;_sre.SRE_Pattern object at 0xb20b378&gt;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; mystr = u&#39;بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ&#39;
    &gt;&gt;&gt; result = myre.sub(&#39;&#39;, mystr)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; len(mystr), len(result)
    (38, 22)
    &gt;&gt;&gt; print result
    بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Read the article by *Joel Spolsky* called [The Absolute Minimum Every Software Developer Absolutely, Positively Must Know About Unicode and Character Sets (No Excuses!)][3]


  [1]: http://www.amk.ca/python/howto/unicode
  [2]: http://docs.python.org/library/re.html#re.UNICODE
  [3]: http://www.joelonsoftware.com/articles/Unicode.html

This is half rant, half question.

Is it worth using Grails? I&#39;m trying to develop a relatively simple database-driven web application. My expertise is in Java, so naturally Grails seemed like a good choice. At first I thought of using Spring, JPA and Hibernate, but I’ve used that previously and have run into all sorts of tedious configuration and coding work. Grails advertises itself as solving this.

My biggest frustration with Grails is all of the little things that don&#39;t work. What I mean is that it doesn&#39;t work as one would intuitively think it should. It&#39;s very rough around the edges. I run into problems constantly. Sometimes it&#39;s my lack of Grails understanding — other times I&#39;ve discovered legitimate Grails bugs.

One major issue is the lack of good Eclipse integration. There is a Groovy and Grails plugin, but it doesn&#39;t do much other than syntax highlighting. Calling Groovy from Java and vice versa is very painful to [configure][1]. Not having good IDE support is a major bummer.

What happens is I sit down trying to develop my web application. At the end of the day I realize that I&#39;ve spent about 85% of the day debugging Grails-related issues. If it isn&#39;t Eclipse problems then it&#39;s [eager loading][2], [fetching in the view][3], [one-to-many relationships][4], [weird empty file bug behavior][5], [a weird property/getter bug][6] — it just goes on and on. This is just a sample of the issues I ran into today. My last sit-down with Grails yielded a whole bunch of different issues.

I sometimes wonder if it&#39;s worth it. I&#39;m curious if others have experienced this. Are there people actually using Grails to productively crank out a web application? Are there other frameworks for rapid web development that I should be considering?


  [1]: http://brainflush.wordpress.com/2008/05/03/grails-and-eclipse-not-so-groovy/
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/397145/grails-eager-fetch-doesnt-retrieve-all-data
  [3]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/396703/how-to-reference-a-grails-domain-class-fields-from-outside-of-the-grails-contro
  [4]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/396667/in-grails-need-to-define-a-set-for-one-to-many-relationship
  [5]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/396514/after-grails-clean-i-cant-run-app
  [6]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/395586/grails-getsomethingint-i-method-doesnt-comiple

Is Grails worth it?

As Knuth said,

&gt;We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil.

This is something which often comes up in Stack Overflow answers to questions like &quot;which is the most efficient loop mechanism&quot;, &quot;SQL optimisation techniques?&quot; ([and so on](http://www.google.com/search?q=site%3Astackoverflow.com+%22premature+optimization%22)). The standard answer to these optimisation-tips questions is to profile your code and see if it&#39;s a problem first, and if it&#39;s not, then therefore your new technique is unneeded.

My question is, if a particular technique is different but not particularly obscure or obfuscated, can that really be considered a premature optimisation?

Here&#39;s a related article by Randall Hyde called *[The Fallacy of Premature Optimization](http://ubiquity.acm.org/article.cfm?id=1513451)*.

When is optimisation premature?

I need to delete some Unicode symbols from the string &#39;بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ&#39;

I know they exist here for sure. I tried:

    re.sub(&#39;([\u064B-\u0652\u06D4\u0670\u0674\u06D5-\u06ED]+)&#39;, &#39;&#39;, &#39;بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ&#39;)

but it doesn&#39;t work. String stays the same. What am I doing wrong?

Python and regular expression with Unicode

I need to delete some Unicode symbols from the string 'بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ'
I know they exist here for sure. I tried:
<pre><code class="hljs language-lua">re.sub('([\u064B-\u0652\u06D4\u0670\u0674\u06D5-\u06ED]+)', '', 'بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ')
</code></pre>
but it doesn't work. String stays the same. What am I doing wrong?

Is there a way in Python to override a class method at instance level?
For example:

    class Dog:
        def bark(self):
            print &quot;WOOF&quot;

    boby = Dog()
    boby.bark() # WOOF
    # METHOD OVERRIDE
    boby.bark() # WoOoOoF!!

Override a method at instance level

If Python doesn&#39;t have a [ternary conditional operator][1], is it possible to use other language constructs to simulate one?

  [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%3F:#Python

Does Python have a ternary conditional operator?

I was wondering how to check whether a variable is a class (not an instance!) or not.

I&#39;ve tried to use the function `isinstance(object, class_or_type_or_tuple)` to do this, but I don&#39;t know what type would a class will have.

For example, in the following code

    class Foo: pass  
    isinstance(Foo, **???**) # i want to make this return True.

I tried to substitute  &quot;`class`&quot; with **???**, but I realized that `class` is a keyword in python.

How to check whether a variable is a class or not?

I don&#39;t understand how classes are used. The following code gives me an error when I try to use the class.

    class MyStuff:
        def average(a, b, c): # Get the average of three numbers
            result = a + b + c
            result = result / 3
            return result

    # Now use the function `average` from the `MyStuff` class
    print(MyStuff.average(9, 18, 27))

Error:
 
    File &quot;class.py&quot;, line 7, in &lt;module&gt;
        print(MyStuff.average(9, 18, 27))
    TypeError: unbound method average() must be called with MyStuff instance as first argument (got int instance instead)

What&#39;s wrong?


Calling a class method raises a TypeError in Python

OK, I&#39;m aware that triple-quotes strings can serve as multiline comments. For example,

    &quot;&quot;&quot;Hello, I am a 
       multiline comment&quot;&quot;&quot;
and 
  
    &#39;&#39;&#39;Hello, I am a 
       multiline comment&#39;&#39;&#39;

But technically speaking these are strings, correct?

I&#39;ve googled and read the Python style guide, but I was unable to find a technical answer to why there is no formal implementation of multiline, /* */ type of comments. I have no problem using triple quotes, but I am a little curious as to what led to this design decision.


Why doesn&#39;t Python have multiline comments?

I am tired of always trying to guess, if I should escape special characters like &#39;`()[]{}|`&#39; etc. when using many implementations of regexps.

It is different with, for example, Python, sed, grep, awk, Perl, rename, Apache, find and so on.
Is there any rule set which tells when I should, and when I should not, escape special characters? Does it depend on the regexp type, like PCRE, POSIX or extended regexps?

What special characters must be escaped in regular expressions?

Something like `.//div[@id=&#39;foo\d+]` to capture div tags with `id=&#39;foo123&#39;`.

I&#39;m using .NET, if that matters.

Can I use a Regex in an XPath expression?

I know it&#39;s possible to match a word and then reverse the matches using other tools (e.g. `grep -v`). However, is it possible to match lines that do not contain a specific word, e.g. `hede`, using a regular expression? 

### Input:

    hoho
    hihi
    haha
    hede

### Code:

    grep &quot;&lt;Regex for &#39;doesn&#39;t contain hede&#39;&gt;&quot; input

### Desired output: 

    hoho
    hihi
    haha

Regular expression to match a line that doesn&#39;t contain a word

I am using a simple regex to replace break tags with newlines:

    br_regex = /&lt;br&gt;/;
    input_content = input_content.replace(br_regex, &quot;\n&quot;);

This only replaces the first instance of a break tag, but I need to replace all. `preg_match_all()` would do the trick in PHP, but I&#39;d like to know the JavaScript equivalent.

JavaScript equivalent of PHP&#39;s preg_replace

Unfortunately, despite having tried to learn regex at least one time a year for as many years as I can remember, I always forget as I use them so infrequently. This year my new year&#39;s resolution is to not try and learn regex again - *So this year to save me from tears I&#39;ll give it to Stack Overflow*. (Last Christmas remix).

I want to pass in a string in this format `{getThis}`, and be returned the string `getThis`. Could anyone be of assistance in helping to stick to my new year&#39;s resolution?

----------
Related questions on Stack Overflow:

   * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/346567/how-can-one-turn-regular-quotes-i-e-into-latex-tex-quotes-i-e][1]
   * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1237/regex-to-pull-out-a-section-a-substing-from-a-string-between-two-tags][2]
   * [https://stackoverflow.com/questions/328387/regex-to-replace-all-n-in-a-string-but-no-those-inside-code-code-tag][3]

  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/346567/how-can-one-turn-regular-quotes-i-e-into-latex-tex-quotes-i-e
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1237/regex-to-pull-out-a-section-a-substing-from-a-string-between-two-tags
  [3]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/328387/regex-to-replace-all-n-in-a-string-but-no-those-inside-code-code-tag

Regex to get string between curly braces

How do I match French and Russian Cyrillic alphabet characters with a regular expression?  I only want to do the alpha characters, no numbers or special characters.  Right now I have

[A-Za-z]

How to match Cyrillic characters with a regular expression

Perl and some other current regex engines support Unicode properties, such as the category, in a regex. E.g. in Perl you can use ``\p{Ll}`` to match an arbitrary lower-case letter, or ``p{Zs}`` for any space separator. I don&#39;t see support for this in either the 2.x nor 3.x lines of Python (with due regrets). Is anybody aware of a good strategy to get a similar effect? Homegrown solutions are welcome.

Python regex matching Unicode properties

Many modern regex implementations interpret the `\w` character class shorthand as &quot;any letter, digit, or connecting punctuation&quot; (usually: underscore). That way, a regex like `\w+` matches words like `hello`, `&#233;l&#232;ve`, `GO&#196;_432` or `gefr&#228;&#223;ig`.

Unfortunately, Java doesn&#39;t. In Java, `\w` is limited to `[A-Za-z0-9_]`. This makes matching words like those mentioned above difficult, among other problems.

It also appears that the `\b` word separator matches in places where it shouldn&#39;t. 

What would be the correct equivalent of a .NET-like, Unicode-aware `\w` or `\b` in Java? Which other shortcuts need &quot;rewriting&quot; to make them Unicode-aware?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	bsn	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	ʞɔıu	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	nosklo	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Python and regular expression with Unicode

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

Solution 2 - Python

When is optimisation premature?

Is Grails worth it?

Attributions