As stated in the [nginx pitfalls][1] you should use server blocks and `return` statements as they&#39;re way faster than evaluating RegEx via `location` blocks. 

Since you&#39;re forcing the rewrite rule to send a 301 there&#39;s no difference when it comes to SEO, btw.. 


  [1]: https://www.nginx.com/resources/wiki/start/topics/tutorials/config_pitfalls/#taxing-rewrites

I&#39;m using TypeScript 1.5 beta, and I&#39;m trying to export an interface as the default export. The following code causes an error in both Visual Studio and WebStorm:

    export default interface Foo {...}

However, the following code works fine:

    interface Foo {...}
    export default Foo;

Is this by design, is it a bug, or am I doing something wrong?

**EDIT:** Thank you for your answer. It begs the question, however, so what is the accepted way to import an interface using the ES6 module syntax?

This works:

    // Foo.ts
    export interface Foo {}

    // Bar.ts
    import {Foo} from &#39;Foo&#39;; // Notice the curly braces
    
    class Bar {
        constructor(foo:Foo) {}
    }

But, since that works, why not allow a default export and save the curly braces?

    // Foo.ts
    export default interface Foo {}

    // Bar.ts
    import Foo from &#39;Foo&#39;; // Notice, no curly braces!
    
    class Bar {
        constructor(foo:Foo) {}
    }

Why the limitation on exporting an interface by default in TypeScript?

I have an iOS/OS X Xcode projects, where I&#39;m using CocoaPods, and I can&#39;t seem to figure out how to add my own project configurations (In addition to Debug and Release) without completely blowing up the build.

In the project, I have a number of targets, for apps on both platforms and its app extensions. The Xcode workspace of course also has the Pods project.

Because the project builds targets for iOS and Mac, I use CocoaPods &quot;targets&quot; to group their pods together. My Podfile looks something like this:

    source &#39;https://github.com/CocoaPods/Specs.git&#39;
    
    target :iOS do
      platform :ios, &#39;7.1&#39;
      link_with &#39;iOS&#39;, &#39;NozbeToday&#39;, &#39;NozbeShare&#39;, &#39;NozbeWatch&#39;
      
      # pods...
    end
    
    target :Mac do
      platform :osx, &#39;10.9&#39;
      link_with &#39;Mac&#39;
      
      # pods...
    end

Now here&#39;s where I have a problem. So far I&#39;ve had only the default &quot;Debug&quot; and &quot;Release&quot; configurations in my project. I wanted to change them and add some new ones for different provisioning profile/bundle ID combination.

… and I&#39;m stuck. I can&#39;t figure out how to do this.

First sign of the problem was a warning `pod install` spewed out for every target/configuration combination:

&gt; [!] CocoaPods did not set the base configuration of your project
&gt; because your project already has a custom config set. In order for
&gt; CocoaPods integration to work at all, please either set the base
&gt; configurations of the target `NozbeToday` to `Pods/Target Support
&gt; Files/Pods-iOS/Pods-iOS.dev debug.xcconfig` or include the
&gt; `Pods/Target Support Files/Pods-iOS/Pods-iOS.dev debug.xcconfig` in
&gt; your build configuration.

I couldn&#39;t figure out what it means and how to fix this. Either way, the project wouldn&#39;t build — in the best case scenario I would get a linker error saying that it can&#39;t find `Pods-something.a`…

How to add custom project configurations to Xcode when using CocoaPods?

I use [**NGINX**][1] in my dedicated server.

I&#39;ve a question about the **return** and **rewrite 301**.


----------


**Rewrite 301:**

    rewrite ^ http://xxx.xxxxx.net/xx-xxx/$request_uri? permanent;

**Return 301:**

    location ~ redirect-this/?$ {
        return 301 http://xxx.xxxxx.net/xx-xxx/redirect-this$1;
    }


----------


All redirects work correctly. But..

**Which is the most effective method to make a 301 redirect?**

I&#39;ve more than 200 url to redirect. So, what you recommend?


  [1]: http://nginx.org/

NGINX - Return 301 vs Rewrite

I use <a href="http://nginx.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">NGINX</a> in my dedicated server.
I've a question about the return and rewrite 301.
<hr>
Rewrite 301:
<pre><code class="hljs language-bash">rewrite ^ http://xxx.xxxxx.net/xx-xxx/$request_uri? permanent;
</code></pre>
Return 301:
<pre><code class="hljs language-kotlin">location ~ redirect-this/?$ {
 return 301 http://xxx.xxxxx.net/xx-xxx/redirect-this$1;
}
</code></pre>
<hr>
All redirects work correctly. But..
Which is the most effective method to make a 301 redirect?
I've more than 200 url to redirect. So, what you recommend?

I&#39;m using Firefox, and while setting up a server, I have been fiddling around with redirects. Now, Firefox has cached a 301 redirect from http://example.com/ to https://example.com/ and from http://sub.example.com/ to https://sub.example.com/.

I&#39;ve tried the following things:

 1. History -&gt; Show all history -&gt; Forget about this site.
 2. Checked that no bookmark with https://example.com/ is present.
 3. Changing browser.urlbar.autoFill to false in about:config.
 4. Changing browser.cache.check_doc_frequency from 3 to 1.
 5. Options -&gt; Advanced -&gt; Network -&gt; Chached Web Content -&gt; Clear now.

None of the above works, so I checked the redirect with [wheregoes.com][1] and it doesn&#39;t show any redirect from http to https.
I&#39;ve even changed the DNS to point to another IP served by a server, where I&#39;ve never set up redirection - the redirection is still in effect.

I&#39;ve also tried in Private Browsing in Firefox, and there is no redirect there. I&#39;ve tried in Google Chrome, and there is also no redirect here.

I&#39;ve also tried to make a redirect from https to http which worked in Google Chrome, and yielded a redirection error in Firefox.

My version of Firefox is 38.0.1, and I&#39;m using Windows 8.1. I use the following addons: AddBlock, Avast! and LastPass. Avast! may not be the issue, as I&#39;ve disabled it while testing.

What I can do about it?

  [1]: http://www.wheregoes.com/

Firefox redirects to https

How do I redirect back to my form page, with the given `POST` params, if my form action throws an exception?

How to redirect back to form with input - Laravel 5

Please, don&#39;t recommend me the [long and very detailed thread][1] with more than 173 upvotes. It didn&#39;t work for me. I have also tried many others ([1][2], [2][3], [3][4], [4][5]). They all give me TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS or error 500. So, here is my issue:

With my current .htaccess, this is what happens:

https://www.dukescasino.com/ - works perfectly

https://dukescasino.com/ - redirects to the above which is great


The two options below loads fine, but it should be redirecting to the https version:

http://www.dukescasino.com/

http://dukescasino.com/

Here is the current .htaccess:

    &lt;IfModule mod_rewrite.c&gt;
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    
    # BEGIN WordPress
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
    &lt;/IfModule&gt;



I don&#39;t believe it is relevant, but if so, here is the list of current active plugins:

 - Advanced Custom Fields
 - All In One SEO Pack
 - Bop Search Box Item Type For Nav Menus
 - Contact Form 7
 - Disable Comments
 - Google XML Sitemaps
 - Jetpack by WordPress.com
 - Search &amp; Filter
 - Slider WD
 - TablePress
 - UpdraftPlus - Backup/Restore
 - Wordfence Security
 - WPide
 - WP Smush
 - WP Super Cache

  [1]: https://serverfault.com/questions/214512/redirect-change-urls-or-redirect-http-to-https-in-apache-everything-you-ever
  [2]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13977851/htaccess-redirect-to-https-www
  [3]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10489895/http-to-https-through-htaccess
  [4]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12999910/https-to-http-redirect-using-htaccess
  [5]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17638611/redirect-all-http-and-https-non-www-urls-to-https-www-xyz-com-via-htaccess


**Edit 1 - Tests performed:**

**Test A:**

    &lt;IfModule mod_rewrite.c&gt;
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    
    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
    # First rewrite to HTTPS:
    # Don&#39;t put www. here. If it is already there it will be included, if not
    # the subsequent rule will catch it.
    RewriteRule .* https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
    # Now, rewrite any request to the wrong domain to use www.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.
    RewriteRule .* https://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
    
    # BEGIN WordPress
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
    &lt;/IfModule&gt;

*Result:* ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS


**Test B:**

    &lt;IfModule mod_rewrite.c&gt;
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    
    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on
    RewriteRule ^.*$ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [R,L]
     
    # BEGIN WordPress
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
    &lt;/IfModule&gt;

*Result:* ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS

**Test C:**

    &lt;IfModule mod_rewrite.c&gt;
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    
    RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} ^80$
     RewriteRule ^.*$ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
     
    # BEGIN WordPress
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
    &lt;/IfModule&gt;

*Result:* ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS


**Test D:**

    &lt;IfModule mod_rewrite.c&gt;
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    
    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
    RewriteRule (.*) https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L]
    
    # BEGIN WordPress
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
    &lt;/IfModule&gt;

*Result:* ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS


**Test E:**

    &lt;IfModule mod_rewrite.c&gt;
    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteBase /
    
    RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\.
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}$1 [R=301,L]
    RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}$1
    
    # BEGIN WordPress
    RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
    RewriteRule . /index.php [L]
    &lt;/IfModule&gt;

*Result:* 302 found. Additionally, a 500 Internal Server Error error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.

Use .htaccess to redirect HTTP to HTTPs

What is the method for redirecting the user to a completely external URL in Angular 2.  For example, if I need to redirect the user to an OAuth2 server in order to authenticate, how would I do that?

`Location.go()`, `Router.navigate()`, and `Router.navigateByUrl()` are fine for sending the user to another section (route) within the Angular 2 app, but I can&#39;t see how they could be used to redirect to an external site?


How to redirect to an external URL in Angular2?

I face a problem which I can&#39;t find a solution for. I have a button in navbar which is available on all pages and it is a button responsible for creating some content. 

View that links with button:

    def createadv(request):
        uw = getuw(request.user.username)
        if request.method ==&#39;POST&#39;:
        form = AdverForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.instance.user = request.user
            form.save()
            return HttpResponseRedirect(&#39;/&#39;, {&#39;username&#39;: request.user.username, &#39;uw&#39;: uw})
        args = {}
        args.update(csrf(request))
        args[&#39;username&#39;] = request.user.username
        args[&#39;form&#39;] = AdverForm()
        args[&#39;uw&#39;] = uw
        return  render_to_response(&#39;createadv.html&#39;, args)

If you can see now I always redirect to main page &#39;/&#39; after creating content but I want to go back to the page with which I launched the creation of content.

How to redirect to previous page in Django after POST request

In my error log i get 

&gt; [emerg] 10619#0: a duplicate default server for 0.0.0.0:80 in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/mysite.com:4

on Line 4 I have:

    server_name mysite.com   www.mysite.com;

Any suggestions?



nginx- duplicate default server error

I&#39;ve always thought of upstream and downstream along the lines of an actual stream, where the flow of information is like water. So upstream is where water/data comes from (e.g. an HTTP request) and downstream is where it goes (e.g. the underlying system that services the request).

I&#39;ve been looking at API gateways recently and noticed that some of them used the inverse of this definition. I shrugged it off as an oddity at the time. I then discovered that nginx, which some API gateways are based on, also uses the terminology in the opposite way to what I expected. nginx calls the servers that it sends requests to &quot;upstream servers&quot;, and presumably the incoming requests would therefore be &quot;downstream clients&quot;.

Conceptually it seems like nginx would be pushing the requests &quot;uphill&quot; if going to an &quot;upstream server&quot;, which is totally counter-intuitive... Gravity is reversed in the land of reverse proxies and API gateways, apparently!

I&#39;ve seen other discussions talking about upstream / downstream representing dependencies between systems but for middleware or infrastructure components that sit between systems the idea of dependencies is a little looser, and I find it more helpful to think in terms of flow of information still - because THAT&#39;S usually the source of your dependencies anyway.

Have I got my understanding of the stream analogy fundamentally wrong or are these software components getting the concepts backwards? 


Upstream / downstream terminology used backwards? (E.g. nginx)

Is there a command that will list all vhosts or servers running under nginx on CentOS? I would like to pipe the results to a text file for reporting purposes.

I&#39;m looking for something similar to this command that I use for Apache:

apachectl -S 2&gt;&amp;1 | grep &#39;port 80&#39;

How can I list all vhosts in nginx

I&#39;m used to using Apache with mod_proxy_html, and am trying to achieve something similar with NGINX.  The specific use case is that I have an admin UI running in Tomcat on port 8080 on a server at the root context:

    http://localhost:8080/

I need to surface this on port 80, but I have other contexts on the NGINX server running on this host, so want to try and access this at:

    http://localhost:80/admin/

I was hoping that the following super simple server block would do it, but it doesn&#39;t quite:

	server {
		listen	80;
		server_name	screenly.local.akana.com;

		location /admin/ {
			proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/;
		}
	}

The problem is that the returned content (html) contains URLs to scripts and style info that is all accessed at the root context, so I need to get these URLs rewritten to start with /admin/ instead of /.

How do I do this in NGINX?

How do I rewrite URLs in a proxy response in NGINX

We have several rails apps under common domain in Docker, and we use nginx to direct requests to specific apps.

    our_dev_server.com/foo # proxies to foo app
    our_dev_server.com/bar # proxies to bar

Config looks like this:

    upstream foo {
      server foo:3000;
    }

    upstream bar {
      server bar:3000;
    }

    # and about 10 more...

    server {
      listen *:80 default_server;

      server_name our_dev_server.com;

      location /foo {
          # this is specific to asset management in rails dev
          rewrite ^/foo/assets(/.*)$ /assets/$1 break;
          rewrite ^/foo(/.*)$ /foo/$1 break;
          proxy_pass http://foo;
      }

      location /bar {
          rewrite ^/bar/assets(/.*)$ /assets/$1 break;
          rewrite ^/bar(/.*)$ /bar/$1 break;
          proxy_pass http://bar;
      }

      # and about 10 more...
    }

If one of these apps is not started then nginx fails and stops:

    host not found in upstream &quot;bar:3000&quot; in /etc/nginx/conf.d/nginx.conf:6

We don&#39;t need them all to be up but nginx fails otherwise.
How to make nginx ignore failed upstreams?

Setup nginx not to crash if host in upstream is not found

In Magento CE, I&#39;d like to install an add-on to Extendware Page Cache called Lightening Cache.

It requires editing the Apache configuration inside the virtual host definition for the site, by adding:

    RewriteEngine On
    RewriteMap ewpchash prg:/home/.../shell/extendware/ewpagecache/apache/md5.php
    
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !POST
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !\.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|ico|gif)$ [NC]
    RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}%{SCRIPT_FILENAME} !-f
    RewriteCond ${ewpchash:%{HTTPS};~;%{HTTP_HOST};~;%{REQUEST_URI};~;%{QUERY_STRING};~;%{HTTP:Cookie};~;%{SCRIPT_FILENAME};~;%{REMOTE_ADDR};~;%{HTTP_USER_AGENT}} -f
    RewriteRule ^(.*)$ ${ewpchash:%{HTTPS};~;%{HTTP_HOST};~;%{REQUEST_URI};~;%{QUERY_STRING};~;%{HTTP:Cookie};~;%{SCRIPT_FILENAME};~;%{REMOTE_ADDR};~;%{HTTP_USER_AGENT}} [NC,L]
    &lt;FilesMatch &quot;\.(html)$&quot;&gt;
         Header unset Cache-Control
         Header unset Expires
         Header append Expires &quot;Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT&quot;
         Header append Cache-Control &quot;must-revalidate&quot;
    &lt;/FilesMatch&gt;

I have added this to the bottom of `/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/site.conf`.

When I run the command `apachectl graceful`, I receive the error:

&gt; AH00526: Syntax error on line 53 of
&gt; /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/site.conf: Invalid command &#39;Header&#39;,
&gt; perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server
&gt; configuration Action &#39;graceful&#39; failed. The Apache error log may have
&gt; more information.

Site is running Apache 2.4

Have I done something wrong?

Apache: edit to .conf file produces &quot;Invalid command &#39;Header&#39;&quot;

I need the Url Rewrite module on my IIS But it does not install and says that I need at least IIS7




Url rewrite does not install on windows 10 IIS 10

This was an interview question:

    public class Demo {

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            System.out.println(foo());
        }

        static String foo() {
            try {
                return &quot;try ...&quot;;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return &quot;catch ...&quot;;
            } finally {
                return &quot;finally ...&quot;; //got as result
            }
        }
    }

My question is why there are no compile time errors. When I have the return statement in my `finally` block, it is bound to return from `finally` instead of `try` and `catch` block. I tried to compile this code with `-Xlint` option, it gives a warning as.

    warning: [finally] finally clause cannot complete normally

Multiple return statements without compiler error

**Question 1:**

Why does the following code compile without having a return statement?
		
	public int a() {
		while(true);
	}

Notice: If I add return after the while then I get an `Unreachable Code Error`.

**Question 2:** 

On the other hand, why does the following code compile,

	public int a() {
		while(0 == 0);
	}

even though the following does not.

	public int a(int b) {
		while(b == b);
	}

Java method with return type compiles without return statement

I am learning JavaScript and have come across of the structure below:

    var Test = (function () {

	  function func1() {
          //do something.....
      }
	
	  function func2() {
          //do something.....
      }
	
      function func3() {
          //do something.....
      }

      return {
          func1: func1,
          func2: func2,
          func3: func3
      };

    })();

I am wondering what the return block is doing. Is this a very commonly used JavaScript structure? Please let me know where can I get more information about this.

Javascript return with colon

Consider the following code:

    public Object getClone(Cloneable a) throws TotallyFooException {

        if (a == null) {
            throw new TotallyFooException();
        }
        else {
            try {
                return a.clone();
            } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        //cant be reached, in for syntax
        return null;
    }

The `return null;` is necessary since an exception may be caught, however in such a case since we already checked if it was null (and lets assume we know the class we are calling supports cloning) so we know the try statement will never fail.

Is it bad practice to put in the extra return statement at the end just to satisfy the syntax and avoid compile errors (with a comment explaining it will not be reached), or is there a better way to code something like this so that the extra return statement is unnecessary?

Is having a return statement just to satisfy syntax bad practice?

In [except.ctor] the standard ([N4140][1]) guarantees that:
&gt;...destructors are invoked for
all automatic objects constructed since the try block was
entered...

However in the following example the empty [output][2] proves that the return value of function `foo` is not destructed, although it has been constructed. Compiled using g++ (5.2.1) and clang++ (3.6.2-1) and with options `-O0 -fno-elide-constructors -std=c++14`. 

    struct A { ~A() { cout &lt;&lt; &quot;~A\n&quot;; } };
    
    struct B { ~B() noexcept(false) { throw 0; } };
    
    A foo() {
      B b;
      return {};
    }
    
    int main() {
      try { foo(); }
      catch (...) { }
    }

Is this a bug both in g++ and clang++, or are function return values not
considered automatic objects, or is it a loop hole in the C++ language?

In none of [stmt.return], [expr.call] or [dcl.fct] I have been able to find
a clear statement whether a function return value is considered an automatic
object. The closest hints I found are 6.3.3 p2:

&gt; ...A return statement can
involve the construction and copy or move of a temporary object...

and 5.2.2 p10:

&gt; A function call is an lvalue if the result type is an lvalue
reference type or an rvalue reference to function type, an xvalue if the
result type is an rvalue reference to object type, and a prvalue otherwise.


  [1]: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/81656/where-do-i-find-the-current-c-or-c-standard-documents
  [2]: http://coliru.stacked-crooked.com/a/1dd0994a6102b75e

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	Ferrmolina	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Redirect	VF_	View Answer on Stackoverflow

NGINX - Return 301 vs Rewrite

Redirect Problem Overview

Redirect Solutions

Solution 1 - Redirect

How to add custom project configurations to Xcode when using CocoaPods?

Why the limitation on exporting an interface by default in TypeScript?

Attributions