The leading underscore is the commonly used function alias for the one of the ugettext functions used by the internationalization (i18n) mechanics. 

It means that when you have i18n running, the choicefield labels will be translated into the appropriate end-user language, if a translation is available.  

At the top of a file that features this kind of syntax, you should see (or if not, you should have) something like:

`from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _`

See the [docs here][1] for more details


  [1]: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/i18n/

It seems that lazy loading is enabled by default in EF4.  At least, in my project, I can see that the value of

    dataContext.ContextOptions.LazyLoadingEnabled

is true by default.  I don&#39;t want lazy loading and I don&#39;t want to have to write:

    dataContext.ContextOptions.LazyLoadingEnabled = false;

each time I get a new context.  So is there a way to turn it off by default, say, across the whole project?

Disable lazy loading by default in Entity Framework 4

I have a function that is doing memcpy, but it&#39;s taking up an enormous amount of cycles. Is there a faster alternative/approach than using memcpy to move a piece of memory?

faster alternative to memcpy?

I&#39;ve seen a few examples defining choice fields like so:

    COUNTRIES = (
        (&#39;fr&#39;, _(&#39;France&#39;)),
        (&#39;de&#39;, _(&#39;Germany&#39;)),
        ...
    )

(Source: http://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/5446
Also see: http://djangosnippets.org/snippets/494/)

What is the meaning of the leading underscores? And why is the second value in the tuple even parenthesized?

Meaning of leading underscore in list of tuples used to define choice fields?

I've seen a few examples defining choice fields like so:
<pre><code class="hljs language-arduino">COUNTRIES = (
 ('fr', _('France')),
 ('de', _('Germany')),
 ...
)
</code></pre>
(Source: <a href="http://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/5446" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/5446</a>
Also see: <a href="http://djangosnippets.org/snippets/494/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">http://djangosnippets.org/snippets/494/</a>)
What is the meaning of the leading underscores? And why is the second value in the tuple even parenthesized?

In Python you may have a function definition:

    def info(object, spacing=10, collapse=1)

which could be called in any of the following ways:

    info(odbchelper)                    
    info(odbchelper, 12)                
    info(odbchelper, collapse=0)        
    info(spacing=15, object=odbchelper)

thanks to Python&#39;s allowing of any-order arguments, so long as they&#39;re named. 

The problem we&#39;re having is as some of our larger functions grow, people might be adding parameters between `spacing` and `collapse`, meaning that the wrong values may be going to parameters that aren&#39;t named.  In addition sometimes it&#39;s not always clear as to what needs to go in.  We&#39;re after a way to force people to name certain parameters - not just a coding standard, but ideally a flag or pydev plugin?

so that in the above 4 examples, only the last would pass the check as all the parameters are named.

Odds are we&#39;ll only turn it on for certain functions, but any suggestions as to how to implement this - or if it&#39;s even possible would be appreciated.

Forced naming of parameters in Python

What is the best way to open a file as read/write if it exists, or if it does not, then create it and open it as read/write? From what I read, `file = open(&#39;myfile.dat&#39;, &#39;rw&#39;)` should do this, right?

It is not working for me (Python 2.6.2) and I&#39;m wondering if it is a version problem, or not supposed to work like that or what.

The bottom line is, I just need a solution for the problem. I am curious about the other stuff, but all I need is a nice way to do the opening part.

The enclosing directory was writeable by user and group, not other (I&#39;m on a Linux system... so permissions 775 in other words), and the exact error was:

&gt; IOError: no such file or directory.


open() in Python does not create a file if it doesn&#39;t exist

The objective is to have two simple ways to source some code, say func.R, containing a function. Calling `R CMD BATCH func.R` initializes the function and evaluates is. Within a session, issuing `source(&quot;func.R&quot;)` simply initializes the function.
Any idea?

Is there an R equivalent of the pythonic &quot;if __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:     main()&quot;?

I&#39;ve increased the font of my ticklabels successfully, but now they&#39;re too close to the axis.  I&#39;d like to add a little breathing room between the ticklabels and the axis.

How do I add space between the ticklabels and the axes in matplotlib

I&#39;m having issues with a custom signal in a class I made.

Relevant code:

    self.parse_triggered = QtCore.pyqtSignal()

    def parseFile(self):
		self.emit(self.parse_triggered)

Both of those belong to the class: RefreshWidget.
In its parent class I have:

    self.refreshWidget.parse_triggered.connect(self.tabWidget.giveTabsData())

When I try to run the program, I get the error:

    AttributeError: &#39;PyQt4.QtCore.pyqtSignal&#39; object has no attribute &#39;connect&#39;

Help?
Thanks in advance.

PyQt4.QtCore.pyqtSignal object has no attribute &#39;connect&#39;

I got a lot of errors with the message :

    &quot;DatabaseError: current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block&quot;

 after changed from python-psycopg to python-psycopg2 as Django project&#39;s database engine.

The code remains the same, just don&#39;t know where those errors are from.

DatabaseError: current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block?

I have ceated several django apps and stuffs for my own fund and so far everything has been working fine. 

Now I just created new project (django 1.2.1) and have run into trouble from 1st moments. 

I created new app - game and new model Game. I created admin.py and put related stuff into it. Ran syncdb and went to check into admin. Model did not show up there. 

I proceeded to check and doublecheck and read through previous similar threads:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1839927/registered-models-do-not-show-up-in-admin
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1694259/django-app-not-showing-up-in-admin-interface

But as far as I can tell, they don&#39;t help me either. Perhaps someone else can point this out for me. 

models.py in game app:

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from django.db import models
    
    class Game(models.Model):
          type = models.IntegerField(blank=False, null=False, default=1)
          teamone = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False, null=False)
          teamtwo = models.CharField(max_length=100, blank=False, null=False)
          gametime = models.DateTimeField(blank=False, null=False)

admin.py in game app:

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    from jalka.game.models import Game
    from django.contrib import admin
    
    class GameAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
          list_display    = [&#39;type&#39;, &#39;teamone&#39;, &#39;teamtwo&#39;, &#39;gametime&#39;]
          
    admin.site.register(Game, GameAdmin)

project settings.py:

    MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
        &#39;django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware&#39;,
        &#39;django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware&#39;,
    )
    
    ROOT_URLCONF = &#39;jalka.urls&#39;
    
    TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
          &quot;/home/projects/jalka/templates/&quot;
    )
    
    INSTALLED_APPS = (
        &#39;django.contrib.auth&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.contenttypes&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.sessions&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.sites&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.messages&#39;,
        &#39;django.contrib.admin&#39;,
        &#39;game&#39;,
    )

urls.py:

    from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
    
    # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
    from django.contrib import admin
    admin.autodiscover()
    
    urlpatterns = patterns(&#39;&#39;,
          # Example:
          # (r&#39;^jalka/&#39;, include(&#39;jalka.foo.urls&#39;)),
          (r&#39;^admin/&#39;, include(admin.site.urls)),
    )

model not showing up in django admin

To empty a database table, I use this SQL Query:

    TRUNCATE TABLE `books`

How to I truncate a table using Django&#39;s models and ORM?

I&#39;ve tried this, but it doesn&#39;t work:

    Book.objects.truncate()

How to TRUNCATE TABLE using Django&#39;s ORM?

I need to serve images securely to validated users only (i.e. they can&#39;t be served as static files).  I currently have the following Python view in my Django project, but it seems inefficient.  Any ideas for a better way?

    def secureImage(request,imagePath):
        response = HttpResponse(mimetype=&quot;image/png&quot;)
        img = Image.open(imagePath)
        img.save(response,&#39;png&#39;)
        return response

(Image is imported from PIL.)

Best way to write an image to a Django HttpResponse()

Can anyone please help me sending html email with dynamic contents. One way is to copy the entire html code into a variable and populate the dynamic code within it in Django views, but that does not seem to be a good idea, as its a very large html file.

I would appreciate any suggestions.

Thanks. 

How to send html email with django with dynamic content in it?

I have a page that Google Chrome insists on thinking is in French.
Here&#39;s a snapshot of it:

&lt;http://yootles.com/outbox/overcleverchrome.html&gt;

Note that I&#39;m including a meta http-equiv tag to tell it that it&#39;s in fact in English:

    &lt;meta http-equiv=&quot;Content-language&quot; content=&quot;en&quot;&gt;

But it doesn&#39;t help.
Is there anything else I can do to prevent this?

How to specify your webpage&#39;s language so Google Chrome doesn&#39;t offer to translate it

I&#39;m wondering how to deal internationalization in JavaScript. I googled but I&#39;m not getting convincing answers for:

 - Does JavaScript have native support for internationalization? 
 - What is i18n in JavaScript? 
 - How to deal with calendars, currencies, dates, etc.?

I&#39;ve already read https://stackoverflow.com/questions/934175/internationalization-inside-javascript.

How does internationalization work in JavaScript?

I&#39;m looking for a list of all locales and their short codes for a PHP application I am writing. Is there much variation in this data between platforms?

Also, if I am developing an international application, can I just support one version of English or are there significant differences in English across the world?

List of All Locales and Their Short Codes?

Why 1753? What do they have against 1752? My great great great great great great great grandfather would be very offended.

What is the significance of 1/1/1753 in SQL Server?

How can I get the current language in the current thread in a model or in the admin?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	User	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Steve Jalim	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Meaning of leading underscore in list of tuples used to define choice fields?

Python Problem Overview

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

faster alternative to memcpy?

Disable lazy loading by default in Entity Framework 4

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