Maven: How do I activate a profile from command line?

This is a snippet from my pom.xml. I tried the following, but the profile was not activated.

mvn clean install -Pdev1
mvn clean install -P dev1

When I tried mvn help:active-profiles no profiles were listed as active. If I set <activeByDefault> for dev1 to true, and run mvn help:active-profiles, it shows me the profile is activated.

<profile>
        <id>dev1</id>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <systemPropertyVariables>
                            <env>local</env>
                            <properties.file>src/test/resources/dev1.properties</properties.file>
                        </systemPropertyVariables>
                        <suiteXmlFiles>
                            <suiteXmlFile>src/test/resources/dev1.testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                        </suiteXmlFiles>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>dev2</id>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <configuration>
                        <systemPropertyVariables>
                            <env>local</env>
                            <properties.file>src/test/resources/dev2.properties</properties.file>
                        </systemPropertyVariables>
                        <suiteXmlFiles>
                            <suiteXmlFile>src/test/resources/dev2.testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                        </suiteXmlFiles>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </profile>

I am wondering why my profile is not getting activated. Has anyone encountered similar issue?

Both commands are correct :

mvn clean install -Pdev1
mvn clean install -P dev1

The problem is most likely not profile activation, but the profile not accomplishing what you expect it to.

It is normal that the command :

mvn help:active-profiles

does not display the profile, because is does not contain -Pdev1. You could add it to make the profile appear, but it would be pointless because you would be testing maven itself.

What you should do is check the profile behavior by doing the following :

1. set activeByDefault to true in the profile configuration,
2. run mvn help:active-profiles (to make sure it is effectively activated even without -Pdev1),
3. run mvn install.

It should give the same results as before, and therefore confirm that the problem is the profile not doing what you expect.

Activation by system properties can be done as follows

<activation>
    <property>
        <name>foo</name>
        <value>bar</value>
    </property>
</activation>

And run the mvn build with -D to set system property

mvn clean install -Dfoo=bar

This method also helps select profiles in transitive dependency of project artifacts.

I have encountered this problem and i solved mentioned problem by adding -DprofileIdEnabled=true parameter while running mvn cli command.

Please run your mvn cli command as : mvn clean install -Pdev1 -DprofileIdEnabled=true.

In addition to this solution, you don't need to remove activeByDefault settings in your POM mentioned as previouses answer.

I hope this answer solve your problem.

Just remove activation section, I don't know why -Pdev1 doesn't override default false activation. But if you omit this:

<activation> <activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault> </activation>

then your profile will be activated only after explicit declaration as -Pdev1