Lazy Loading vs Eager Loading

Under what situation could eager loading be more beneficial than lazy loading?

Lazy loading in Entity Framework is the default phenomenon that happens for loading and accessing the related entities. However, eager loading is referred to the practice of force-loading all these relations.

I'm asking this, because it is obvious that lazy loading is more resource-friendly, and even if we use the ToList() method, we can still take advantage of the lazy loading behavior.

However, I thought maybe lazy loading increases the number of requests to the actual database and maybe that's why sometimes developers use the Inlcude method to force-loading all relations.

For example, when using the Visual Studio auto-scaffolding in MVC 5, the Index method automatically created in the controller always uses Eager Loading, and I've always had the question of why Microsoft uses Eager Loading default in that case.

I would appreciate it if someone explains to me under what situation eager loading would be more beneficial than lazy loading, and why do we use it at all while there's something more resource-friendly as Lazy Loading?

I think it is good to categorize relations like this

When to use eager loading

1. In "one side" of one-to-many relations that you sure are used every where with main entity. like User property of an Article. Category property of a Product.

2. Generally When relations are not too much and eager loading will be good practice to reduce further queries on server.

When to use lazy loading

1. Almost on every "collection side" of one-to-many relations. like Articles of User or Products of a Category
2. You exactly know that you will not need a property instantly.

Note: like Transcendent said there may be disposal problem with lazy loading.

Eager Loading: Eager Loading helps you to load all your needed entities at once. i.e. related objects (child objects) are loaded automatically with its parent object.

When to use:

1. Use Eager Loading when the relations are not too much. Thus, Eager Loading is a good practice to reduce further queries on the Server.
2. Use Eager Loading when you are sure that you will be using related entities with the main entity everywhere.

Lazy Loading: In case of lazy loading, related objects (child objects) are not loaded automatically with its parent object until they are requested. By default LINQ supports lazy loading.

When to use:

1. Use Lazy Loading when you are using one-to-many collections.
2. Use Lazy Loading when you are sure that you are not using related entities instantly.

> NOTE: Entity Framework supports three ways to load related data - > eager loading, lazy loading and explicit loading.

Lazy loading will produce several SQL calls while Eager loading may load data with one "more heavy" call (with joins/subqueries).

For example, If there is a high ping between your web and sql servers you would go with Eager loading instead of loading related items 1-by-1 with lazy Loading.

Consider the below situation

public class Person{
    public String Name{get; set;}
    public String Email {get; set;}
    public virtual Employer employer {get; set;}
}

public List<EF.Person> GetPerson(){
    using(EF.DbEntities db = new EF.DbEntities()){
       return db.Person.ToList();
    }
}

Now after this method is called, you cannot lazy load the Employer entity anymore. Why? because the db object is disposed. So you have to do Person.Include(x=> x.employer) to force that to be loaded.

Eager Loading When you are sure that want to get multiple entities at a time, for example you have to show user, and user details at the same page, then you should go with eager loading. Eager loading makes single hit on database and load the related entities.

Lazy loading When you have to show users only at the page, and by clicking on users you need to show user details then you need to go with lazy loading. Lazy loading make multiple hits, to get load the related entities when you bind/iterate related entities.

Lazy loading - is good when handling with pagination like on page load list of users appear which contains 10 users and as the user scrolls down the page an API call brings next 10 users. It's good when you don't want to load the entire data at once as it would take more time and would give a bad user experience.

Eager loading - is good as other people suggested when there are not many relations and fetch entire data at once in a single call to the database

It is better to use eager loading when it is possible, because it optimizes the performance of your application.

ex-:

Eager loading

var customers= _context.customers.Include(c=> c.membershipType).Tolist();

lazy loading

In model customer has to define

Public virtual string membershipType {get; set;}

So when querying lazy loading is much slower loading all the reference objects, but eager loading query and select only the object which are relevant.

// Using LINQ and just referencing p.Employer will lazy load
// I am not at a computer but I know I have lazy loaded in one
// query with a single query call like below.
List<Person> persons = new List<Person>();
using(MyDbContext dbContext = new MyDbContext())
{
    persons = (
        from p in dbcontext.Persons
        select new Person{
            Name = p.Name,
            Email = p.Email,
            Employer = p.Employer
        }).ToList();
}