Jetty and Tomcat are web-containers, while Geronimo, Glassfish and JBoss support the whole J2EE stack (more or less). And, tataaa, they use/include Tomcat or Jetty for web-containers. The most important part of a fullblown J2EE server besides the web-container used to be the [EJB][1]-container allowing for deployment of EJBs, having them run in a transactional context etc. Today, J2EE is actually called Java EE. Entity EJBs ([JPA][2]) can run outside the EJB-container, say in Tomcat, but then outside the transaction handling that an EJB-container would provide.  


  [1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_JavaBeans
  [2]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Persistence_API

Tomcat and Jetty are web servers can manage servlets, but not Java EE.

Glassfish and JBOSS can manage Java EE fully.

And [Nginx][1] is a HTTP server and a reverse proxy. You can for example load balance multiple deployed Glassfish instances behind an nginx server.

Nginx is also used for security reasons, so you can hide your application server behind it.


  [1]: http://nginx.org

They are all application/web servers.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/327793/how-would-you-compare-apache-tomcat-glassfish-as-production-servers

http://www.opensource-it.com/enterprise_software/http_servers

Using Rails 3, is there a way to use link_to helper, or any helper for that matter, inside model?

View helper link_to in Model class

I have an application where I am displaying large images in a small space. 
The images are quite large, but I am only displaying them in 100x100 pixel frames.
My app is responding slowly because of the size fo the images I am using.

To improve performance, how can I resize the images programmatically using Objective-C?

How to resize the image programmatically in objective-c in iphone

As someone new to the Java EE ecosystem, I&#39;m confused with these products which share a tremendous amount of keywords. And half of them come from Apache software foundation.

Can someone address me with a brief distinctive explanation for each of them?

Jetty, Tomcat, Nginx, Geronimo, Glassfish: I&#39;m confused

<p>As someone new to the Java EE ecosystem, I'm confused with these products which share a tremendous amount of keywords. And half of them come from Apache software foundation.</p>
<p>Can someone address me with a brief distinctive explanation for each of them?</p>


I want to execute my web app as `http://localhost`.

How to change the port of Tomcat from 8080 to 80?

When I try to run my Tomcat I get a message:


    Server Tomcat v6.0 Server at localhost was unable to start within 45 seconds. If the server requires more time, try increasing the timeout in the server editor.


Where is this server editor? I didn&#39;t find it in windows preference server.

I am using Eclipse 3.6.

Change Tomcat Server&#39;s timeout in Eclipse

I want to change server location but I can&#39;t it&#39;s greyed (I cannot select last radio button) how can I do it then:

![enter image description here][1]


  [1]: http://i.stack.imgur.com/fMWpq.png

Why tomcat server location property is greyed in Eclipse

I have a web application deployed as a WAR file in Tomcat 7. The application is build as a multi-module project:

 - core - packaged as JAR, contains most of the backend code
 - core-api - packaged as JAR, contains interfaces toward core
 - webapp - packaged as WAR, contains frontend code and depends on core
 - customer-extensions - optional module, packaged as JAR

Normally, we can put our JSP files in the webapp project, and reference them relative to the context:

    /WEB-INF/jsp/someMagicalPage.jsp

The question is what we do about JSP files that are specific to the customer-extensions project, that should not always be included in the WAR. Unfortunately, I cannot refer to JSPs inside JAR files, it appears. Attempting `classpath:jsp/customerMagicalPage.jsp` results in a file not found in the JspServlet, since it uses `ServletContext.getResource()`.

Traditionally, we &quot;solved&quot; this having maven unpack the customer-extensions JAR, locate the JSPs, and put them in the WAR when building it. But an ideal situation is where you just drop a JAR in the exploded WAR in Tomcat and the extension is discovered - which works for everything but the JSPs.

Is there anyway to solve this? A standard way, a Tomcat-specific way, a hack, or a workaround? For example, I&#39;ve been thinking of unpacking the JSPs on application startup...

Can I serve JSPs from inside a JAR in lib, or is there a workaround?

I&#39;m getting the following error when I try to run a simple JSP program on Tomcat in Eclipse. 

&gt; Several ports (8005, 8080, 8009) required by Tomcat v6.0 Server at localhost are already in use. The server may already be running in another process, or a system process may be using the port. To start this server you will need to stop the other process or change the port number(s).

How is this caused and how can I solve it?
 

Several ports (8005, 8080, 8009) required by Tomcat Server at localhost are already in use

I am writing a `JACC` provider.

Along the way, this means implementing a [`PolicyConfiguration`](http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/security/jacc/PolicyConfiguration.html).

The `PolicyConfiguration` is responsible for accepting configuration information from the application server, such as which permissions accrue to which roles.  This is so that a [`Policy`](http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/Policy.html) later on can make authorization decisions when handed [information about the current user](http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/ProtectionDomain.html) and what he&#39;s trying to do.

However, it is not part of the `PolicyConfiguration`&#39;s (atrocious) contract to maintain a mapping between roles and their permissions, and `Principals` that are assigned to those roles.

Typically--always, really--an application server houses this mapping.  For example, on Glassfish, you affect this mapping by supplying things like `sun-web.xml` and `sun-ejb-jar.xml` and so on with your Java EE modules.  (These vendor-specific files are responsible for saying, e.g., `superusers` is a group that is to be assigned the application role of `admins`.)

I would like to reuse the functionality these files supply, and I would like to do so for as wide an array of application servers as possible.

Here is--totally arbitrarily--IBM&#39;s take on the matter, which appears to confirm my suspicion that what [I want to do is essentially impossible][1]. (More ammunition for my case that this particular Java EE contract is not worth the paper it&#39;s printed on.)

**My question:** how do I get at this principal-to-role-mapping information in--for starters--Glassfish and JBoss from within a `PolicyConfiguration`?  If there&#39;s a standard way to do it that I&#39;m unaware of, I&#39;m all ears.


  [1]: http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/wasinfo/v6r0/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.websphere.express.doc/info/exp/ae/csec_jaccextensions.html

How can a JACC provider use the Principal-to-role mapping facilities of the server it&#39;s deployed on?

Is it good idea to use Apache Webserver in front of GF or Tomcat? Does it improve the performance/security?

Or there is not any reason to use Apache Web Server with GF?


Why use Apache Web Server in front of Glassfish or Tomcat?

I have been trying to deploy my web application (war) from Glassfish AdminConsole but I keep getting the following error message -

    Exception while loading the app : Error in linking security policy for MyApp-war -- Inconsistent Module State.

But it deploys without any problem when I do it from Netbeans. (I don&#39;t know if Netbeans is doing something that I am missing before deploying the application.)

And I also tried with the latest version of Glassfish (i.e. V3.1.1 (build 12)
), and I can deploy the same application without any problem from AdminConsole.

I am using Glassfish 3.1 (build 43) and Netbeans 7.0.

Is there any Security Policy setting that I have to have before deploying my application with this version of Glassfish?

Glassfish DeploymentException: Error in linking security policy for

I have a web server running with Jersey REST resources up and I wonder how to get an image/png reference for the browsers img tag; after submitting a Form or getting an Ajax response. The image processing code for adding graphics is working, just need to return it somehow.

Code:

    @POST
    @Path(&quot;{fullsize}&quot;)
    @Consumes(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA)
    @Produces(&quot;image/png&quot;)
    // Would need to replace void
    public void getFullImage(@FormDataParam(&quot;photo&quot;) InputStream imageIS,
                             @FormDataParam(&quot;submit&quot;) String extra) {

          BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(imageIS);

          // .... image processing
          //.... image processing

          return ImageIO.  ..  ?

    }


Cheers

How to return a PNG image from Jersey REST service method to the browser

This question has been asked a couple of times in SO and many times in other sites. But I didn&#39;t get any satisfiable answer.  
  
My problem:  
I have a java web application which uses simple **JDBC** to connect to **mysql** database through **Glassfish** application server.  
  
I have used connection pooling in glassfish server with the following configurations:  
Initial Pool Size: 25  
Maximum Pool Size: 100  
Pool Resize Quantity: 2  
Idle Timeout: 300 seconds  
Max Wait Time: 60,000 milliseconds  
  
The application has been deployed for last 3 months and it was running flawlessly too.  
But from last 2 days the following error is coming at the time of login.  
  
**Partial StackTrace**  
  
    com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLNonTransientConnectionException: No operations allowed after connection closed.Connection was implicitly closed due to underlying exception/error:  
  
    ** BEGIN NESTED EXCEPTION **  
  
    com.mysql.jdbc.CommunicationsException  
    MESSAGE: Communications link failure due to underlying exception:  
  
    ** BEGIN NESTED EXCEPTION **  
  
    java.io.EOFException  
    MESSAGE: Can not read response from server. Expected to read 4 bytes, read 0 bytes before connection was unexpectedly lost.  
  
    STACKTRACE:  
  
    java.io.EOFException: Can not read response from server. Expected to read 4 bytes, read 0 bytes before connection was unexpectedly lost.  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.readFully(MysqlIO.java:1997)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.reuseAndReadPacket(MysqlIO.java:2411)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:2916)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:1631)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:1723)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.Connection.execSQL(Connection.java:3256)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:1313)  
    at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeQuery(PreparedStatement.java:1448)  
    ............  
    ............  
    my application traces....  
  
  
**What caused this error suddenly ?** I have lost a lot of time for this.
  
**EDIT :** The problem even persists after restarting the server. As per DBA two of the important mysql server configurations are:  
**wait_timeout :** 1800 seconds  
**connect_timeout :** 10 seconds  
**NOTE :** Other applications deployed in the same server connecting to the same database and using different pools are running smoothly.  
  
**EDIT-2 :** After reading a lot of things and expecting some positive outcome I made these changes to my connection pool.  
  
**Max Wait Time :** 0 (previously it was 60 seconds)  
**Connection Validation :** Required  
**Validation Method :** table  
**Table Name :** Demo  
**Validate Atmost Once :** 40 seconds  
**Creation Retry Attempts :** 1  
**Retry Intervals :** 5 seconds  
**Max Connection Usage :** 5  
  
And this worked as the application is running for 3 days consistently. But I got a very strange and interesting result of out this. While monitoring the connection pool, I found these figures:  
  
**NumConnAcquired :** 44919 Count  
**NumConnReleased :** 44919 Count  
**NumConnCreated :** 9748 Count  
**NumConnDestroyed :** 9793 Count  
**NumConnFailedValidation :** 70 Count  
**NumConnFree :** 161 Count  
**NumConnUsed :** -136 Count  
  
**How** can the `NumConnFree` become 161 as I have `Maximum Pool Size = 100` **?**  
**How** can the `NumConnUsed` become -136, a *negative* number **?**  
**How** can the `NumConnDestroyed` **&gt;** `NumConnCreated` **?**  


what is java.io.EOFException, Message: Can not read response from server. Expected to read 4 bytes, read 0 bytes

I want to redirect requests on two conditions using nginx. 

This doesn&#39;t work:

      if ($host = &#39;domain.com&#39; || $host = &#39;domain2.com&#39;){
        rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.domain.com/$1 permanent;
      }   

What is the correct way to do this?



nginx.conf redirect multiple conditions

It seems like I have not clearly communicated my problem. I need to send a file (using AJAX) and I need to get the upload progress of the file using the [Nginx HttpUploadProgressModule][1]. I need a good solution to this problem. I have tried with the jquery.uploadprogress plugin, but I am finding myself having to rewrite much of it to get it to work in all browsers and to send the file using AJAX. 

All I need is the code to do this and it needs to work in all major browsers (Chrome, Safari, FireFox, and IE). It would be even better If I could get a solution that will handle multiple file uploads.

&lt;strike&gt;I am using the [jquery.uploadprogress plugin][2] to get the upload progress of a file from the NginxHttpUploadProgressModule. This is inside an iframe for a facebook application. It works in firefox, but it fails in chrome/safari.

When I open the console I get this.

    Uncaught ReferenceError: progressFrame is not defined
    jquery.uploadprogress.js:80

Any idea how I would fix that?

I would like to also send the file using AJAX when it is completed. How would I implement that?


**EDIT:**&lt;br/&gt;
I need this soon and it is important so I am going to put a 100 point bounty on this question. The first person to answer it will receive the 100 points.

**EDIT 2:**&lt;br/&gt;
Jake33 helped me solve the first problem. First person to leave a response with how to send the file with ajax too will receive the 100 points.&lt;/strike&gt;


  [1]: http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpUploadProgressModule
  [2]: https://github.com/drogus/jquery-upload-progress

jQuery Upload Progress and AJAX file upload

I have my config setup to handle a bunch of GET requests which render pixels that work fine to handle analytics and parse query strings for logging. With an additional third party data stream, I need to handle a POST request to a given url that has JSON in an expected loggable format inside of it&#39;s request body. I don&#39;t want to use a secondary server with `proxy_pass` and just want to log the whole response into an associated log file like what it does with GET requests. A snippet of some code that I&#39;m using looks like the following:

GET request (which works great):

    location ^~ /rl.gif {
      set $rl_lcid $arg_lcid;
      if ($http_cookie ~* &quot;lcid=(.*\S)&quot;)
      {
        set $rl_lcid $cookie_lcid;
      }
      empty_gif;
      log_format my_tracking &#39;{ &quot;guid&quot; : &quot;$rl_lcid&quot;, &quot;data&quot; : &quot;$arg__rlcdnsegs&quot; }&#39;;
      access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/my.access.log my_tracking;
      rewrite ^(.*)$ http://my/url?id=$cookie_lcid? redirect;
    }

Here is kinda what I am trying to do:
POST request (which does not work):

    location /bk {
      log_format bk_tracking $request_body;
      access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/bk.access.log bk_tracking;
    }

Curling `curl http://myurl/bk -d name=example` gives me a 404 page not found.

Then I tried:

    location /bk.gif {
      empty_gif;
      log_format bk_tracking $request_body;
      access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/bk.access.log bk_tracking;
    }

Curling `curl http://myurl/bk.gif -d name=example` gives me a `405 Not Allowed`.

My current version is `nginx/0.7.62`. Any help in the right direction is very much appreciated! Thanks!

***UPDATE***
So now my post looks like this:

    location /bk {
      if ($request_method != POST) {
        return 405;
      }
      proxy_pass $scheme://127.0.0.1:$server_port/dummy;
      log_format my_tracking $request_body;
      access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/my.access.log my_tracking;
    }
    location /dummy { set $test 0; }

It is logging the post data correctly, but returns a 404 on the requesters end. If I change the above code to return a 200 like so:

    location /bk {
      if ($request_method != POST) {
        return 405;
      }
      proxy_pass $scheme://127.0.0.1:$server_port/dummy;
      log_format my_tracking $request_body;
      access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/my.access.log my_tracking;
      return 200;
    }
    location /dummy { set $test 0; }

Then it return the `200` correctly, but no longer records the post data.

**ANOTHER UPDATE**
Kinda found a working solution. Hopefully this can help other on their way.

Logging POST data from $request_body

I&#39;m running nginx/ruby-on-rails and I have a simple multipart form to upload files.
Everything works fine until I decide to restrict the maximum size of files I want uploaded. 
To do that, I set the nginx _`client_max_body_size`_ to _1m_ (1MB) and expect a HTTP 413 (Request Entity Too Large) status in response when that rule breaks.

**The problem** is that when I upload a 1.2 MB file, instead of displaying the HTTP 413 error page, the browser hangs a bit and then dies with a &quot;Connection was reset while the page was loading&quot; message.

I&#39;ve tried just about every option there is that nginx offers, nothing seems to work. Does anyone have any ideas about this?

Here&#39;s my nginx.conf:

    worker_processes  1;
    timer_resolution  1000ms;
    events {
        worker_connections  1024;
    }
    
    http {
        passenger_root /the_passenger_root;
        passenger_ruby /the_ruby;
    
        include       mime.types;
        default_type  application/octet-stream;
    
        sendfile           on;
        keepalive_timeout  65;
    
        server {
          listen 80;
          server_name www.x.com;
          client_max_body_size 1M;
          passenger_use_global_queue on;
          root /the_root;
          passenger_enabled on;
    
          error_page 404 /404.html;
          error_page 413 /413.html;    
        }    
    }

**Thanks.**

---

**`**Edit**`**

Environment/UA: Windows XP/Firefox 3.6.13

nginx upload client_max_body_size issue

I&#39;ve set up Node.js and Nginx on my server. Now I want to use it, but, before I start there are 2 questions:

1. How should they work together? How should I handle the requests?
2. There are 2 concepts for a Node.js server, which one is better:   

    a. Create a separate HTTP server for each website that needs it. Then load all JavaScript code at the start of the program, so the code is interpreted once.

    b. Create one single Node.js server which handles all Node.js requests. This reads the requested files and evals their contents. So the files are interpreted on each request, but the server logic is much simpler.

It&#39;s not clear for me how to use Node.js correctly.



Node.js + Nginx - What now?

What is the main difference between Jetty and Netty? 

Netty is part of Jboss, but is it the default web server container?

Does Netty support Servlets 3.0?

What&#39;s the difference between Jetty and Netty?

I&#39;m building an application in java that has an embedded websocket server based on jetty. The client is the default websocket implementation in google chrome. Everything is working ok, only if there is no transfer between server and client after a certain time the connection is closed. 
I&#39;m not sure who&#39;s closing the connection: the jetty server or the chrome browser.

The solution to this I think is to send a message every x seconds, but I&#39;m opened to better solutions.

SO... my questions are:

1. Is this something that the websocket protocol requires and in this case the chrome browser is closing my connection?

2. Is this something that is more jetty related and has more or less to do with the websocket protocol? In this case how do I disable this in jetty?

3. Is there another problem??


Thanks



**UPDATE: even if I send 1 message/second still the connection is closed**

websocket closing connection automatically

I&#39;m trying to build a simple demo app with embedded Jetty that serves static files from a &quot;html&quot; directory that&#39;s a subdirectory of the current working directory.  The idea is that the directory with the demo jar and content can be moved to a new location and still work.

I&#39;ve tried variations of the following, but I keep getting 404s.

    ServletContextHandler context = 
                           new ServletContextHandler(ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
    context.setContextPath(&quot;/&quot;);
    	
    context.getInitParams().put(
                           &quot;org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.Default.resourceBase&quot;, &quot;html&quot;);
    context.addServlet(new ServletHolder(new DefaultServlet()), &quot;/html&quot;);

    Server jetty = new Server(8080);
    jetty.setHandler(context);
   	
    jetty.start();

**Update:** Here&#39;s a solution as documented in the Jetty tutorial.  As mentioned in the correct answer, it uses a `ResourceHandler` instead of a `ServletContextHandler`:

        Server server = new Server();
        SelectChannelConnector connector = new SelectChannelConnector();
        connector.setPort(8080);
        server.addConnector(connector);
 
        ResourceHandler resource_handler = new ResourceHandler();
        resource_handler.setDirectoriesListed(true);
        resource_handler.setWelcomeFiles(new String[]{ &quot;index.html&quot; });
 
        resource_handler.setResourceBase(&quot;.&quot;);
 
        HandlerList handlers = new HandlerList();
        handlers.setHandlers(new Handler[] { resource_handler, new DefaultHandler() });
        server.setHandler(handlers);
 
        server.start();
        server.join();


Serving static files with embedded Jetty

&gt; **Possible Duplicate:**  
&gt; [Maven Jetty plugin - how to control VM arguments?](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2007192/maven-jetty-plugin-how-to-control-vm-arguments)  

&lt;!-- End of automatically inserted text --&gt;

In particular, I want to do something like this:

    mvn -DjvmArgs=&quot;-Xmx2000m -Xms1000m -XX:PermSize=512m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m&quot; jetty:run -Pmyprofile

Oh, and I would like to do this without having to modify the pom files or set any environment variables.. etc

Is there a way to pass JVM args via command line to Maven?

Can I check heap usage of a running JVM from the commandline, I mean the actual usage rather than the max amount allocated with Xmx.

I need it to be commandline because I don&#39;t have access to a windowing environment, and I want script based on the value , the application is running in Jetty Application server 

How to check heap usage of a running JVM from the command line?

I am trying to understand the difference between a full fledged application server (e.g. Weblogic, JBoss etc.) and a servlet container (Tomcat, Jetty etc.).

How do they differ and when to use which?

Thanks,

Difference between an application server and a servlet container?

Please tell me the Difference between web server, web container and application server.

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	parsa	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Tomcat	Jon Martin Solaas	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Tomcat	H6.	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Tomcat	Navi	View Answer on Stackoverflow

Jetty, Tomcat, Nginx, Geronimo, Glassfish: I'm confused

Tomcat Problem Overview

Tomcat Solutions

Solution 1 - Tomcat

Solution 2 - Tomcat

Solution 3 - Tomcat

How to resize the image programmatically in objective-c in iphone

View helper link_to in Model class

Attributions