How to set up a PostgreSQL database in Django

Python Django Postgresql Psycopg2 Django Settings

Python Problem Overview

I'm new to Python and Django.

I'm configuring a Django project using a PostgreSQL database engine backend, But I'm getting errors on each database operation. For example when I run manage.py syncdb, I'm getting:

C:\xampp\htdocs\djangodir>python manage.py syncdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 11, in <module>
	execute_manager(settings)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line
438, in execute_manager
	utility.execute()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line
379, in execute
	self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line
261, in fetch_command
	klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line
67, in load_command_class
	module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\utils\importlib.py", line 35, in im
port_module
	__import__(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\syncdb.py"
, line 7, in <module>
	from django.core.management.sql import custom_sql_for_model, emit_post_sync_
signal
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\sql.py", line 6, in
 <module>
	from django.db import models
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\__init__.py", line 77, in <modul
e>
	connection = connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS]
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 92, in __getitem
__
	backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\utils.py", line 33, in load_back
end
	return import_module('.base', backend_name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\utils\importlib.py", line 35, in im
port_module
	__import__(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\postgresql\base.py", li
ne 23, in <module>
	raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading psycopg module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading psycopg module: No mo
dule named psycopg

Can someone give me a clue on what is going on?

Python Solutions

Solution 1 - Python

You need to install psycopg2 Python library.

Installation

Download http://initd.org/psycopg/, then install it under Python PATH

After downloading, easily extract the tarball and:

$ python setup.py install

Or if you wish, install it by either easy_install or pip.

^{(I prefer to use pip over easy_install for no reason.)}

$ easy_install psycopg2
$ pip install psycopg2

Configuration

in settings.py

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'db_name',                      
        'USER': 'db_user',
        'PASSWORD': 'db_user_password',
        'HOST': '',
        'PORT': 'db_port_number',
    }
}

^{- Other installation instructions can be found at download page and install page.}

Solution 2 - Python

Also make sure you have the PostgreSQL development package installed. On Ubuntu you need to do something like this:

$ sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

Solution 3 - Python

Step by step that I use:

 - sudo apt-get install python-dev
 - sudo apt-get install postgresql-server-dev-9.1
 - sudo apt-get install python-psycopg2 - Or sudo pip install psycopg2

You may want to install a graphic tool to manage your databases, for that you can do:

sudo apt-get install postgresql pgadmin4

After, you must change Postgre user password, then do:

 - sudo su
 - su postgres -c psql postgres
 - ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD 'YourPassWordHere';
 - \q

On your settings.py file you do:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'dbname',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
        'HOST': '',
        'PORT': '',
    }
}

Extra:

If you want to create the db using the command line you can just do:

- sudo su
- su postgres -c psql postgres
- CREATE DATABASE dbname;
- CREATE USER djangouser WITH ENCRYPTED PASSWORD 'myPasswordHere';
- GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE dbname TO djangouser;

On your settings.py file you do:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'dbname',
        'USER': 'djangouser',
        'PASSWORD': 'myPasswordHere',
        'HOST': '',
        'PORT': '',
    }
}

Solution 4 - Python

You can install "psycopg" with the following command:

# sudo easy_install psycopg2

Alternatively, you can use pip :

# pip install psycopg2

easy_install and pip are included with ActivePython, or manually installed from the respective project sites.

Or, simply get the pre-built Windows installer.

Solution 5 - Python

This may seem a bit lengthy, but it worked for me without any error.

At first, Install phppgadmin from Ubuntu Software Center.

Then run these steps in terminal.

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev python-dev
pip install psycopg2
sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib phppgadmin

Start the apache server

sudo service apache2 start

Now run this too in terminal, to edit the apache file.

sudo gedit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf

Add the following line to the opened file:

Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/phppgadmin

Now reload apache. Use terminal.

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 reload

Now you will have to create a new database. Login as 'postgres' user. Continue in terminal.

sudo su - postgres

In case you have trouble with the password of 'postgres', you can change it using the answer here https://stackoverflow.com/a/12721020/1990793 and continue with the steps.

Now create a database

createdb <db_name>

Now create a new user to login to phppgadmin later, providing a new password.

createuser -P <new_user>

Now your postgressql has been setup, and you can go to:

http://localhost/phppgadmin/

and login using the new user you've created, in order to view the database.

Solution 6 - Python

The immediate problem seems to be that you're missing the psycopg2 module.

Solution 7 - Python

If you are using Fedora 20, Django 1.6.5, postgresql 9.3.* and you need the psycopg2 module, do this:

yum install postgresql-devel
easy_install psycopg2

If you are like me, you may have trouble finding the well documented libpq-dev rpm... The above worked for me just now.

Solution 8 - Python

I was having the same Issue on Mac.

The solution was to use only PIP to install everything, and touch some things.

First install PIP from: https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/

Then you want to make sure if path to pg_config is in your PATH (echo $PATH), if not you can edit your bash_profile:

vi /Users/<user>/.bash_profile

and add this line:

export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/pg_config/bin

If you don't know where pg_config is you can use the "locate" tool, but be sure your locate.db is up to date (i was using an old locate.db and using paths that does not exists).

sudo /usr/libexec/locate.updatedb
locate pg_config

Then install Django (if needed) and psycopg2.

sudo pip install Django
sudo pip install psycopg2

And then in settings.py (localhost:defaultport)

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'dbname',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
        'HOST': '',
        'PORT': '',
    }
}

Greets!

Solution 9 - Python

$ sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

Year, this solve my problem. After execute this, do: pip install psycopg2

Solution 10 - Python

Steps to create a Django app with PostgreSQL database from scratch.

Check if PostgreSQL is installed in your system. In your bash shell enter
```
psql --version
```
If PostgreSQL is installed jump to step 6.

To install PostgreSQL -

sudo apt-get install python3-dev libpq-dev

sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib

By default PostgreSQL installation creates a special user named "postgres" that has all rights. To login to PostgreSQL
```
sudo -u postgres psql
```
To exit PostgreSQL session
```
\q
```
Now set password for "postgres" user.

Login to PostgreSQL -
```
sudo -u postgres psql
```
In PostgreSQL interactive session enter -
```
\password postgres
```
Create PostgreSQL database.

To create directly from bash shell -
```
sudo -u postgres createdb your_db_name
```
To create from PostgreSQL interactive session -
```
createdb your_db_name
```
To check if the database is created, list all databases using PostgreSQL command
```
\l
```
If you already have an existing Django project then jump to step 11. Otherwise create a virtual environment. I use virtualenv wrapper.
```
mkvirtualenv your_project_name
```

Create Django project.

django-admin startproject your_project_name

Cd to the project directory and create your app.
```
 python manage.py startapp your_app_name
```
Install Django.
```
pip install django
```
Install Psycopg2. Psycopg2 is a PostgreSQL database adapter for Python. This is required for Django to connect with PostgreSQL.
```
pip install psycopg2
```

Update settings.py as follows

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'your_db_name',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'xxxxx',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '',
    }
}

Run migration.
```
python3 manage.py migrate
```

Run Django server and visit localhost:8000

python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

If required you can install pgadmin - a graphical client to view and manipulate PostgreSQL database schema and data.

Solution 11 - Python

Please note that installation of psycopg2 via pip or setup.py requires to have Visual Studio 2008 (more precisely executable file vcvarsall.bat). If you don't have admin rights to install it or set the appropriate PATH variable on Windows, you can download already compiled library from here.

Solution 12 - Python

This is one of the very good and step by step process to set up PostgreSQL in ubuntu server. I have tried it with Ubuntu 16.04 and its working.

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-use-postgresql-with-your-django-application-on-ubuntu-14-04

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	André	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Python	Alireza Savand	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Python	Dennis Bunskoek	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Python	Gregory	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Python	Sandro Munda	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 5 - Python	Jibu James	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 6 - Python	aptwebapps	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 7 - Python	MIke Kennedy	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 8 - Python	Juan Pablo Arriagada Cancino	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 9 - Python	Gregory	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 10 - Python	ABN	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 11 - Python	Sergey Ivanov	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 12 - Python	sgauri	View Answer on Stackoverflow