How to send a JSON object over Request with Android?

Android Problem Overview

I want to send the following JSON text

{"Email":"[email protected]","Password":"123456"}

to a web service and read the response. I know to how to read JSON. The problem is that the above JSON object must be sent in a variable name jason.

How can I do this from android? What are the steps such as creating request object, setting content headers, etc.

Android Solutions

Solution 1 - Android

Sending a json object from Android is easy if you use Apache HTTP Client. Here's a code sample on how to do it. You should create a new thread for network activities so as not to lock up the UI thread.

	protected void sendJson(final String email, final String pwd) {
		Thread t = new Thread() {

			public void run() {
				Looper.prepare(); //For Preparing Message Pool for the child Thread
				HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
				HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(client.getParams(), 10000); //Timeout Limit
				HttpResponse response;
				JSONObject json = new JSONObject();

				try {
					HttpPost post = new HttpPost(URL);
					json.put("email", email);
					json.put("password", pwd);
					StringEntity se = new StringEntity( json.toString());  
					se.setContentType(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"));
					post.setEntity(se);
					response = client.execute(post);

					/*Checking response */
					if(response!=null){
						InputStream in = response.getEntity().getContent(); //Get the data in the entity
					}
					
				} catch(Exception e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
					createDialog("Error", "Cannot Estabilish Connection");
				}

				Looper.loop(); //Loop in the message queue
			}
		};

		t.start();		
	}

You could also use Google Gson to send and retrieve JSON.

Solution 2 - Android

Android doesn't have special code for sending and receiving HTTP, you can use standard Java code. I'd recommend using the Apache HTTP client, which comes with Android. Here's a snippet of code I used to send an HTTP POST.

I don't understand what sending the object in a variable named "jason" has to do with anything. If you're not sure what exactly the server wants, consider writing a test program to send various strings to the server until you know what format it needs to be in.

int TIMEOUT_MILLISEC = 10000;  // = 10 seconds
String postMessage="{}"; //HERE_YOUR_POST_STRING.
HttpParams httpParams = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpParams, TIMEOUT_MILLISEC);
HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(httpParams, TIMEOUT_MILLISEC);
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(httpParams);

HttpPost request = new HttpPost(serverUrl);
request.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(
    postMessage.toString().getBytes("UTF8")));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

Solution 3 - Android

public void postData(String url,JSONObject obj) {
    // Create a new HttpClient and Post Header
    
    HttpParams myParams = new BasicHttpParams();
    HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(myParams, 10000);
    HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(myParams, 10000);
    HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(myParams );
    String json=obj.toString();

    try {

        HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url.toString());
        httppost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");

        StringEntity se = new StringEntity(obj.toString()); 
        se.setContentEncoding(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"));
        httppost.setEntity(se); 

        HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
        String temp = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
        Log.i("tag", temp);


    } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

    } catch (IOException e) {
    }
}

Solution 4 - Android

HttpPost is deprecated by Android Api Level 22. So, Use HttpUrlConnection for further.

public static String makeRequest(String uri, String json) {
	HttpURLConnection urlConnection;
	String url;
	String data = json;
	String result = null;
	try {
		//Connect 
		urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) ((new URL(uri).openConnection()));
		urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
		urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
		urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
		urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
		urlConnection.connect();

		//Write
		OutputStream outputStream = urlConnection.getOutputStream();
		BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8"));
		writer.write(data);
		writer.close();
		outputStream.close();

		//Read
		BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConnection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));

		String line = null;
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

		while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
			sb.append(line);
		}

		bufferedReader.close();
		result = sb.toString();

	} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	} catch (IOException e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
	return result;
}

Solution 5 - Android

There's a surprisingly nice library for Android HTTP available at the link below:

http://loopj.com/android-async-http/

Simple requests are very easy:

AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
client.get("http://www.google.com", new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
    @Override
    public void onSuccess(String response) {
        System.out.println(response);
    }
});

To send JSON (credit to `voidberg' at https://github.com/loopj/android-async-http/issues/125):

// params is a JSONObject
StringEntity se = null;
try {
    se = new StringEntity(params.toString());
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
    // handle exceptions properly!
}
se.setContentType(new BasicHeader(HTTP.CONTENT_TYPE, "application/json"));

client.post(null, "www.example.com/objects", se, "application/json", responseHandler);

It's all asynchronous, works well with Android and safe to call from your UI thread. The responseHandler will run on the same thread you created it from (typically, your UI thread). It even has a built-in resonseHandler for JSON, but I prefer to use google gson.

Solution 6 - Android

Now since the HttpClient is deprecated the current working code is to use the HttpUrlConnection to create the connection and write the and read from the connection. But I preferred to use the Volley. This library is from android AOSP. I found very easy to use to make JsonObjectRequest or JsonArrayRequest

Solution 7 - Android

Nothing could be simple than this. Use OkHttpLibrary

Create your json

JSONObject requestObject = new JSONObject();
requestObject.put("Email", email);
requestObject.put("Password", password);

and send it like this.

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

RequestBody body = RequestBody.create(JSON, json);
Request request = new Request.Builder()
            .addHeader("Content-Type","application/json")
            .url(url)
            .post(requestObject.toString())
            .build();

okhttp3.Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();

Solution 8 - Android

public class getUserProfile extends AsyncTask<Void, String, JSONArray> {
    JSONArray array;
    @Override
    protected JSONArray doInBackground(Void... params) {

        try {
            commonurl cu = new commonurl();
            String u = cu.geturl("tempshowusermain.php");
            URL url =new URL(u);
          //  URL url = new URL("http://192.168.225.35/jabber/tempshowusermain.php");
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
            httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
            httpURLConnection.connect();

            JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
            jsonObject.put("lid",lid);


            DataOutputStream outputStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
            outputStream.write(jsonObject.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));

            int code = httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();
            if (code == 200) {
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));

                StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                String line;

                while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    stringBuffer.append(line);
                }
                object =  new JSONObject(stringBuffer.toString());
             //   array = new JSONArray(stringBuffer.toString());
                array = object.getJSONArray("response");

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return array;


    }

    @Override
    protected void onPreExecute() {
        super.onPreExecute();



    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostExecute(JSONArray array) {
        super.onPostExecute(array);
        try {
            for (int x = 0; x < array.length(); x++) {

                object = array.getJSONObject(x);
                ComonUserView commUserView=new ComonUserView();//  commonclass.setId(Integer.parseInt(jsonObject2.getString("pid").toString()));
                //pidArray.add(jsonObject2.getString("pid").toString());

                commUserView.setLid(object.get("lid").toString());
                commUserView.setUname(object.get("uname").toString());
                commUserView.setAboutme(object.get("aboutme").toString());
                commUserView.setHeight(object.get("height").toString());
                commUserView.setAge(object.get("age").toString());
                commUserView.setWeight(object.get("weight").toString());
                commUserView.setBodytype(object.get("bodytype").toString());
                commUserView.setRelationshipstatus(object.get("relationshipstatus").toString());
                commUserView.setImagepath(object.get("imagepath").toString());
                commUserView.setDistance(object.get("distance").toString());
                commUserView.setLookingfor(object.get("lookingfor").toString());
                commUserView.setStatus(object.get("status").toString());

                cm.add(commUserView);
            }
            custuserprof = new customadapterformainprofile(getActivity(),cm,Tab3.this);
          gridusername.setAdapter(custuserprof);
            //  listusername.setAdapter(custuserprof);
            } catch (Exception e) {

                e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	AndroidDev	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Android	Primal Pappachan	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Android	dmazzoni	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 3 - Android	Sachin Gurnani	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 4 - Android	vikoo	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 5 - Android	Alex	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 6 - Android	Sanjeet A	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 7 - Android	Dave Ranjan	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 8 - Android	Niral Dharmnathi	View Answer on Stackoverflow