How to resize a VirtualBox vmdk file
VirtualboxVirtualbox Problem Overview
I've run out of space on a virtual machine disk which is a vmdk and need to resize the virtual image. Resizing with the command
vboxmanage modifyhd Machine-disk1.vmdk --resize 30720
gives the error
Progress state: VBOX_E_NOT_SUPPORTED
VBoxManage: error: Resize hard disk operation for this format is not implemented yet!
How can I resize a vmdk image?
Virtualbox Solutions
Solution 1 - Virtualbox
If you want to end having back a vmdk hard disk (maybe you are interested in using the disk in vwmare too), the complete steps are:
VBoxManage clonemedium "source.vmdk" "cloned.vdi" --format vdi
VBoxManage modifymedium "cloned.vdi" --resize 51200
VBoxManage clonemedium "cloned.vdi" "resized.vmdk" --format vmdk
The above will resize the hard disk up to 50GB (50 * 1024MB).
To complete things you need to resize the drive too! To achieve this, you might want to download gparted iso and boot from that iso to resize your drive (select the iso from within the virtualbox settings).
P.S. If your new size is too small, you'll get the same error even with your new vdi file.
Solution 2 - Virtualbox
I was able to resize the vmdk by cloning it and then modifying and resizing.
vboxmanage clonehd "virtualdisk.vmdk" "new-virtualdisk.vdi" --format vdi
vboxmanage modifyhd "new-virtualdisk.vdi" --resize 30720
Solution 3 - Virtualbox
I have a Windows 7 client on a Mac host and this post was VERY helpful. Thanks.
I would add that I didn't use gparted. I did this:
- Launch new enlarged vmdk image.
- Go to Start and right click Computer and select Manage.
- Click Disk Management
- You should see some grayed space on your (in my case) C drive
- Right click the C drive and select Extend Volume.
- Choose size and go
Sweet! I preferred that to using a 3rd party tool with warnings about data loss.
Cheers!
Solution 4 - Virtualbox
vmdk's :
- Rather fixed size allocation (step 1,2).
- Even after expansion, not readily available inside the vmdk's OS (step 3,4,5)
STEPS:
1) convert to ".vdi" first - VBoxManage clonehd v1.vmdk v1.vdi --format vdi
2) expand the size using command-line (Ref: tvial's blog for step by step info)
OR
expand from the Virtual Media Manager in VirtualBox.
[ NOW - INSIDE VM ]
3) Expand the size of drive, with new allocation (e.g. for Ubuntu running on virtual-machine : use GParted)
4) Extend the filesystem - lvextend -L +50G <file-system-identifier>
ILLUSTRATION:
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
...
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 200G 0 part
├─myfs-vg-cloud 253:0 0 99G 0 lvm /
└─myfs-vg-swap-1 253:1 0 980M 0 lvm [SWAP]
$ lvextend -L +100G /dev/mapper/myfs-vg-cloud
$ lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
...
sda 8:0 0 200G 0 disk
└─sda1 8:1 0 200G 0 part
├─myfs-vg-cloud 253:0 0 199G 0 lvm /
└─myfs-vg-swap-1 253:1 0 980M 0 lvm [SWAP]
5) Extend the "/home" - resize2fs <file-system-identifier>
ILLUSTRATION:
$ df -h /home/
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/myfs-vg-cloud 97G 87G 6.0G 94% /
$ resize2fs /dev/mapper/myfs-vg-cloud
$ df -h /home/
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/myfs-vg-cloud 196G 87G 101G 47% /
Your system must now be ready to use, with extended allocations !!
Solution 5 - Virtualbox
Actually, Only this these commands are needed:
VBoxManage clonehd "source.vmdk" "cloned.vdi" --format vdi
VBoxManage modifyhd "cloned.vdi" --resize 51200
Then, you can select cloned.dvi in Virtualbox GUI storage.
After that, start the virtual windows and expand your C disk as the methods of Code Chops.
It is not necessary to convert the *.vdi file to *.vmdk file back.
Solution 6 - Virtualbox
Since this is a vmdk file, you could use VMWare's vdiskmanager
, if it's available for your platform. VMWare has x86 Linux, Windows, and OS X versions here (see "Attachments" on the right rail).
And then you just do:
1023856-vdiskmanager-windows-7.0.1.exe -x 30720M Machine-disk1.vmdk
It avoids having to clone, then expand the disk. Now, the downside is you need the extra tool, and vmdk is VMWare's disk format, and you're still using Virtualbox, so there could be incompatibilities.
qemu-img
might also work, but I'm not sure if it supports resizing vmdk files. It would look something like:
qemu-img resize Machine-disk1.vmdk +8G
And just a reminder, with both, you still have to grow the partition after resizing the underlying disk. All these tools are essentially dd if=/dev/old_disk of=/dev/new_disk bs=16M
.
Solution 7 - Virtualbox
Tried all the solutions here, but nothing seemed to work. After hours of digging I found this blog post and like magic everything works. I had to make little adjustments so here is the modified version. Tested with Docker version 17.06.0-ce, build 02c1d87.
Once developers really start containerising their applications, they often generate a large number of images and quickly fill up the 20GB hard drive space allocated to the Docker virtual machine by default. To make sure the Docker virtual machine has plenty of disk space, we should resize /dev/sda1 to a number that is more reasonable.
-
Stop the Docker virtual machine
docker-machine stop default
. -
Boot2Docker package installer ships with a VMDK volume, which VirtualBox’s native tools cannot resize. In order to resize the Docker disk volume, first clone the VDI volume from the default VMDK volume
vboxmanage clonehd /full/path/to/disk.vmdk /full/path/to/disk_resized.vdi --format VDI --variant Standard
. -
Resize the newly cloned VDI volume to the desired capacity. We recommend at least 64GB
vboxmanage modifyhd /full/path/to/disk_resized.vdi --resize <size in MB>
. -
Launch the VirtualBox application, select
default
VM and click on the “Settings” gear on top. -
Click on the “Storage” icon. Remove the default VMDK volume.
-
Mount the cloned VDI volume via the “Add CD/DVD Device” option.
-
If you are running Docker on a computer with a solid-state hard drive, please make sure the “Solid-state Drive” option is selected for the cloned VDI volume.
-
Click on the “Start” icon to boot up the Docker virtual machine, which will launch the GParted ISO. Select “GParted Live (Default settings)”.
-
Set the policy for handling keymaps to “Don’t touch keymap”.
-
Set language preference to option “33”, which maps to “US English”.
-
Select option “1” to run “Forcevideo” and configure X manually.
-
Keep the default resolution of “1024×760” by selecting option “2”.
-
Keep the default colour depth of “24” by selecting option “0”.
-
Set the new disk volume size to desired size by dragging the slider. In this example, the maximum size is 127,035MB. Click on the “Resize/Move” button to start the process.
-
Confirm the resizing operation by clicking on the “Apply” button.
-
Power off the machine after the resizing operation finishes.
-
Log into the Docker virtual machine to verify that the volume resizing was successful by starting machine
docker-machine start default
-
If you experience network issues, restart the docker-machine
Solution 8 - Virtualbox
You can use Vmware player to resize a vmdk. This removes the round trip conversion (noted in other posts) if you want to keep it in vmdk format. Just make sure that when you add the vmdk into vmware, don't click upgrade format when prompted, keep the current one in case VirtualBox doesn't accept it.
Solution 9 - Virtualbox
For shrinking image size I use the following steps:
- On the client machine
cat /dev/zero > z;sync;sleep 3;sync;rm -f z
- Shut down client machine
- On the host
VBoxManage clonehd "source.vmdk" "cloned.vdi" --format vdi
- On the host
VBoxManage modifyhd cloned.vdi --compact
- On the host
VBoxManage clonehd "cloned.vdi" "resized.vmdk" --format vmdk
Solution 10 - Virtualbox
As mentioned in the answer by Luca the required steps are:
-
Clone the VMDK image to VDI format
VBoxManage clonehd "source.vmdk" "cloned.vdi" --format vdi
-
Resize the VDI image
VBoxManage modifyhd "cloned.vdi" --resize 51200
-
Clone back to VMDK format
VBoxManage clonehd "cloned.vdi" "resized.vmdk" --format vmdk
Step 3 is optional if you can use a VDI image instead.
All these steps can be carried out in the VirtualBox graphical user interface as well, under File -> Virtual Media Manager
. Select the drive you want to clone, and then choose Copy
. A dialog opens that allows you to choose the disk format and options. To resize a VDI image, just use the slider in the bottom (click on Properties
if it's not visible).
Finally, you may need to change the disk size in the guest OS as well:
- Run the guest OS and resize the disk partition(s). If you are running Linux, you can use
gparted
orkparted
.
Solution 11 - Virtualbox
VirtualBox for Windows
Resizing your disk file while preserving your virtual machine settings!
Step 1 - Resize the disk file
Start cmd.exe
cd
to Oracle VM VirtualBox's dir (on 64-bit systems: "C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\"
)
Run these commands (as above):
VBoxManage clonehd "C:\path\to\source.vmdk" "C:\path_to\cloned.vdi" --format vdi
VBoxManage modifyhd "C:\path\to\cloned.vdi" --resize 51200
Windows explorer and "copy address as text" via the address bar should help you get the path you need.
On windows system, The VirtaulBox VM directory underneath your user may contain an XML formatted database file of settings you've configured for your VM. Rename this file, with a .bak
extension (it has a .vbox
extension). Rename the original .vmdk
file with a .bak
extension as well to avoid another error. You can now safetly perform the third step without the error message to convert the machine back to .vmdk
format, or the "duplicate disk" error.
VBoxManage clonehd "C:\path_to\cloned.vdi" "C:\path_to\source.vmdk" --format vmdk
You will be presented with a UID token. Copy this token by drag-highlighting it from the Windows Command Interpetor window and using the Ctrl+C
keyboard shortcut.
Open the .vbox.bak
file in a text editor such as Notepad++. You'll be presented with an XML-like database file. Look for these lines:
<VirtualBox xmlns="http://www.virtualbox.org/" version="1.16-windows">
<Machine uuid="{some uid}" name="source disk name" OSType="the_vbox_OS" snapshotFolder="Snapshots" lastStateChange="2043-03-23T00:54:18Z">
<MediaRegistry>
<HardDisks>
<HardDisk uuid="{some uid}" location="C:\path_to\source.vmdk" ...
On the line <HardDisk uuid="{some uid}" location="C:\path_to\source.vmdk" ...
, delete the old UID token between the brackets and paste the one you copied from the command window. Make sure that you leave the brackets in place!
Save this file, and exit your text editor. Rename the .vbox.bak
file to give it back its expected extension of .vbox
.
Step 2 - Remove the junk
It is now safe to remove the .bak
files remaining in the directory. What remains is a resized .vmdk
with an updated .vbox
database while with your previously preserved VirtualBox Manager settings.
Step 3 - Resize the disk's partition to fill the free space
You can now start the VirtualBox VM Manager and execute your VM, using the appropriate tools for the operating system to fill the new free space.
For Windows VMs, use diskpart
from the command prompt booted from the Windows Recovery Consule (recovery partition) to SELECT DISK 1
, LIST PARTITION
and gather the partition number of your C:\
drive, then SELECT PARTITION #
. You can use the EXTEND SIZE=mb
to resize the Windows C:\ drive to the appropriate value. Make sure you leave room for the recovery and boot partitions! It's safe to subtract 4096 MB from your new virtual disk size to get this value, because of shadow copy and windows recovery files.
For Linux VMs, a live .ISO
of gparted you can boot with the VM's disk file can be found at: http://gparted.org/ It will get you straight into a graphical user interface-based gparted-gtk, from where you can fill your free space.
For PPC / Mac VMs, Disk Utility
from the Finder will asisst you in filling the free space, but you may want to consider the gparted Linux option, as currently the only method of which to boot MacOSX in VirtualBox is hackintosh, and you cannot extend your volume while booted into MacOSX. You may also want to seek out tweaking the VM's settings temporarily for gparted
, to get it to boot. MacOSX partitions are recognized by gparted as HFS
- "Heaping File System" partitions.
Step 4 - Cat Photos
Because the internet. ;) You're finished. Enjoy your new resized virtual .vmdk
disk image with VirtualBox for Windows!
Solution 12 - Virtualbox
Here's a way to resize your VirtualBox disk, regardless of whether it is a fixed format or dynamic format disk. Specifically, it prevents the error you had when you disk is fixed-format.
> ⚠️ Backup the virtual disk. You never know what might go wrong.
On your host:
-
Open a terminal window.
> On Windows: Open the command prompt
cmd
. -
Go to the directory with the virtual disk you want to resize. For example:
cd "My VMs"
-
Create a new VirtualBox disk with your desired filename, size (in megabytes) and format (either
Standard
(dynamic) orFixed
). For example, to create a 50 GB fixed-format disk calledMyNewDisk.vdi
:VBoxManage createmedium --filename "MyNewDisk.vdi" --size 50000 --variant Fixed
> If
VBoxManage
is not recognized as a command, specify the full path to it. It can be found in the VirtualBox installation directory. On Windows the above command would become: > > "C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox\VBoxManage.exe" createmedium > --filename "MyNewDisk.vdi" --size 50000 --variant Fixed -
Copy the original disk to the new disk.
VBoxManage clonemedium "MyOriginalDisk.vdi" "MyNewDisk.vdi" --existing
-
The resize is done! You can check the properties of the new disk if you want:
VBoxManage showmediuminfo "MyNewDisk.vdi"
-
Change the virtual machine to use the new disk instead.
Next, on your guest OS you need to resize the partitions to use the newly available space.
Solution 13 - Virtualbox
I've got here because I needed to resize a disk for my Docker (CoreOS) development environment.
CoreOS docs says there's no need to resize the OS partition - that's bogus. After you resize the virtual disk you should follow these instructions and resize the OS partition via GParted:
Solution 14 - Virtualbox
A quick and simple option:
-
Turn off machine
-
Create new virtual box disk with desired size
-
Move content from old disk to inside new disk:
vboxmanage clonehd "source-disk.vmdk" "new-disk.vmdk" --existing
-
Turn on machine
-
You may have to resize partition in OS to fill the rest of the disk
Warning
If new disk is shorter than source, you will loss the data located from the new disk size position on the source disk.
You may prevent this deallocating delta space, where delta = size(source-disk) - size(new-disk), at the end of source disk inside OS before step 1.