How to make fadeOut effect with pure JavaScript
JavascriptFadeoutJavascript Problem Overview
I'm trying to make fade out effect for a div
with pure JavaScript.
This is what I'm currently using:
//Imagine I want to fadeOut an element with id = "target"
function fadeOutEffect()
{
var fadeTarget = document.getElementById("target");
var fadeEffect = setInterval(function() {
if (fadeTarget.style.opacity < 0.1)
{
clearInterval(fadeEffect);
}
else
{
fadeTarget.style.opacity -= 0.1;
}
}, 200);
}
The div should fade out smoothly, but it immediately disappears.
What's wrong? How can I solve it?
Javascript Solutions
Solution 1 - Javascript
Initially when there's no opacity set, the value will be an empty string, which will cause your arithmetic to fail. That is, "" < 0.1 == true
and your code goes into the clearInterval
branch.
You can default it to 1 and it will work.
function fadeOutEffect() {
var fadeTarget = document.getElementById("target");
var fadeEffect = setInterval(function () {
if (!fadeTarget.style.opacity) {
fadeTarget.style.opacity = 1;
}
if (fadeTarget.style.opacity > 0) {
fadeTarget.style.opacity -= 0.1;
} else {
clearInterval(fadeEffect);
}
}, 200);
}
document.getElementById("target").addEventListener('click', fadeOutEffect);
#target {
height: 100px;
background-color: red;
}
<div id="target">Click to fade</div>
An empty string seems like it's treated as a 0 by JavaScript when doing arithmetic and comparisons (even though in CSS it treats that empty string as full opacity)
> '' < 0.1
> true
> '' > 0.1
> false
> '' - 0.1
> -0.1
Simpler Approach We can now use CSS transitions to make the fade out happen with a lot less code
const target = document.getElementById("target");
target.addEventListener('click', () => target.style.opacity = '0');
// If you want to remove it from the page after the fadeout
target.addEventListener('transitionend', () => target.remove());
#target {
height: 100px;
background-color: red;
transition: opacity 1s;
}
<p>Some text before<p>
<div id="target">Click to fade</div>
<p>Some text after</p>
Solution 2 - Javascript
Just this morning I found this piece of code at http://vanilla-js.com, it's very simple, compact and fast:
var s = document.getElementById('thing').style;
s.opacity = 1;
(function fade(){(s.opacity-=.1)<0?s.display="none":setTimeout(fade,40)})();
You can change the speed of the fade changing the second parameter in the setTimeOut
function.
var s = document.getElementById('thing').style;
s.opacity = 1;
(function fade(){(s.opacity-=.1)<0?s.display="none":setTimeout(fade,40)})();
#thing {
background: red;
line-height: 40px;
}
<div id="thing">I will fade...</div>
Solution 3 - Javascript
It looks like you can do it another way(I may be wrong).
event.target.style.transition = '0.8s';
event.target.style.opacity = 0;
Solution 4 - Javascript
you can use CSS transition property rather than doing vai timer in javascript. thats more performance oriented compared to what you are doing.
check
Solution 5 - Javascript
function fadeOutEffect() {
var fadeTarget = document.getElementById("target");
var fadeEffect = setInterval(function () {
if (!fadeTarget.style.opacity) {
fadeTarget.style.opacity = 1;
}
if (fadeTarget.style.opacity > 0) {
fadeTarget.style.opacity -= 0.1;
} else {
clearInterval(fadeEffect);
}
}, 200);
}
document.getElementById("target").addEventListener('click', fadeOutEffect);
#target {
height: 100px;
background-color: red;
}
<div id="target">Click to fade</div>
Solution 6 - Javascript
In addition to the accepted answer, we now have WAAPI which basically adds animation API to JavaScript.
For example,
/**
* @returns {Object}
*/
function defaultFadeConfig() {
return {
easing: 'linear',
iterations: 1,
direction: 'normal',
fill: 'forwards',
delay: 0,
endDelay: 0
}
}
/**
* @param {HTMLElement} el
* @param {number} durationInMs
* @param {Object} config
* @returns {Promise}
*/
async function fadeOut(el, durationInMs, config = defaultFadeConfig()) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const animation = el.animate([
{ opacity: '1' },
{ opacity: '0', offset: 0.5 },
{ opacity: '0', offset: 1 }
], {duration: durationInMs, ...config});
animation.onfinish = () => resolve();
})
}
/**
* @param {HTMLElement} el
* @param {number} durationInMs
* @param {Object} config
* @returns {Promise}
*/
async function fadeIn(el, durationInMs, config = defaultFadeConfig()) {
return new Promise((resolve) => {
const animation = el.animate([
{ opacity: '0' },
{ opacity: '0.5', offset: 0.5 },
{ opacity: '1', offset: 1 }
], {duration: durationInMs, ...config});
animation.onfinish = () => resolve();
});
}
window.addEventListener('load', async ()=> {
const el = document.getElementById('el1');
for(const ipsum of "Neque porro quisquam est qui dolorem ipsum quia dolor \uD83D\uDE00".split(' ')) {
await fadeOut(el, 1000);
el.innerText = ipsum;
await fadeIn(el, 2000);
}
});
.text-center {
text-align: center;
}
<h1 id="el1" class="text-center">...</h1>
Solution 7 - Javascript
my solution
function fadeOut(selector, timeInterval, callback = null) {
var fadeTarget = document.querySelector(selector);
let time = timeInterval / 1000;
fadeTarget.style.transition = time + 's';
fadeTarget.style.opacity = 0;
var fadeEffect = setInterval(function() {
if (fadeTarget.style.opacity <= 0)
{
clearInterval(fadeEffect);
if (typeof (callback) === 'function') {
callback();
}
}
}, timeInterval);
}