`request.referer` returns a string, but you can use [Ruby&#39;s URI Module](http://www.ruby-doc.org/stdlib-1.9.3/libdoc/uri/rdoc/URI.html#M009387) to wrap it and then simply ask it for its path:

    if URI(request.referer).path == &#39;/adsense&#39;

You can access referer with

    request.referer

AFAIK, C supports just a few data types:

    int, float, double, char, void enum.

I need to store a number that could reach into the high 10 digits.  Since I&#39;m getting a low 10 digit # from 

&gt; INT_MAX

, I suppose I need a double.

`&lt;limits.h&gt;` doesn&#39;t have a `DOUBLE_MAX`.  I found a `DBL_MAX` on the internet that said this is LEGACY and also appears to be C++.  Is double what I need?  Why is there no `DOUBLE_MAX`?

How do I get DOUBLE_MAX?

What the claim of type `http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/nameidentifier` should be used for?

This is the main question, and here are additional ones.

How does it differ from `http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/05/identity/claims/name` claim?

Is it permanent for particular user as opposed to name claim?

Is it globally-scoped or IdP-scoped?

What is the purpose of nameidentifier claim?

I need the path of the referrer. I don&#39;t want the domain name. For example, if the referrer is
`http://www.google.com/adsense` I want `/adsense`.

How to get request referer path?

<p>I need the path of the referrer. I don't want the domain name. For example, if the referrer is
<code>http://www.google.com/adsense</code> I want <code>/adsense</code>.</p>


In my Rails app I&#39;ve run into an issue a couple times that I&#39;d like to know how other people solve:

I have certain records where a value is optional, so some records have a value and some are null for that column.

If I order by that column on some databases the nulls sort first and on some databases the nulls sort last.

For instance, I have Photos which may or may not belong to a Collection, ie there are some Photos where `collection_id=nil` and some where `collection_id=1` etc. 

If I do `Photo.order(&#39;collection_id desc)` then on SQLite I get the nulls last but on PostgreSQL I get the nulls first.

Is there a nice, standard Rails way to handle this and get consistent performance across any database?

Rails: Order with nulls last

All the questions I&#39;ve found are related for a successful login with the helper
`after_sign_in_path_for(resource)`

I have a login form in the index of the site, and when the login fails it redirects to &quot;users/sign_in&quot;

But how can I redirect to my &quot;site#index&quot; when the login fails?

Devise redirect after login fail

I have the following RSpec test for my UserMailer class:

    require &quot;spec_helper&quot;
    
    describe UserMailer do
      it &quot;should send welcome emails&quot; do
        ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.should be_empty
        user = Factory(:user)
        UserMailer.welcome_email(user).deliver
        ActionMailer::Base.deliveries.should_not be_empty
      end
    end

This test passed the first time, but failed the second time I ran it. After doing a little bit of debugging, it appears that the 1st test added an item to the ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array and that item never got cleared out. That causes the first line in the test to fail since the array is not empty.

What&#39;s the best way to clear out the ActionMailer::Base.deliveries array after an RSpec test?

Clearing out ActionMailer::Base.deliveries after RSpec test

I&#39;m wondering what is the best way to display unique records from a has_many, through relationship in Rails3.

I have three models:

    class User &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
        has_many :orders
        has_many :products, :through =&gt; :orders
    end
    
    class Products &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
        has_many :orders
        has_many :users, :through =&gt; :orders
    end
    
    class Order &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
        belongs_to :user, :counter_cache =&gt; true 
        belongs_to :product, :counter_cache =&gt; true 
    end

Lets say I want to list all the products a customer has ordered on their show page. 

They may have ordered some products multiple times, so I&#39;m using counter_cache to display in descending rank order, based on the number of orders.

But, if they have ordered a product multiple times, I need to ensure that each product is only listed once.

    @products = @user.products.ranked(:limit =&gt; 10).uniq!
works when there are multiple order records for a product, but generates an error if a product has only been ordered once. (ranked is custom sort function defined elsewhere)

Another alternative is:

    @products = @user.products.ranked(:limit =&gt; 10, :select =&gt; &quot;DISTINCT(ID)&quot;)

I&#39;m not confident that I&#39;m on the right approach here. 

Has anyone else tackled this? What issues did you come up against? Where can I find out more about the difference between .unique! and DISTINCT()? 

What is the best way to generate a list of unique records through a has_many, through relationship?

Thanks




How to display unique records from a has_many through relationship?

    class Users &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
      has_many :meetings, :through =&gt; :meeting_participations
      has_many :meeting_participations
    end

    class Meetings &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
      has_many :users, :through =&gt; :meeting_participations
      has_many :meeting_participations
    end

    class MeetingParticipations &lt; ActiveRecord::Base
      belongs_to :user
      belongs_to :meeting

      scope :hidden, where(:hidden =&gt; true)
      scope :visible, where(:hidden =&gt; false)
    end

`hidden` is an extra boolean column within the m2m association table. Given some `Users` instance `current_user`, I want to do

    current_user.meetings.visible

which will retrieve a collection of `Meetings` for which the user is a participant where the `hidden` column is `false`. The closest I have gotten is adding the following scope to the `Meetings` class

    scope :visible, joins(:meeting_participations) &amp; MeetingParticipation.visible

The `scope` does filter the `Meetings` against the `MeetingParticipations` table, however there is no join/condition against the `MeetingParticipations` table related to `current_user`.

The issue with this is, if `current_user` and `another_user` are both participants for some `Meetings` instance, a `Meetings` record in the result set will be returned for each participant that has `hidden` set to `false`. If `current_user` has `true` set for `hidden` for all `Meetings`, if `another_user` is a participant in any of those same Meetings with `hidden` set to `false`, those `Meetings` will appear in the `Meetings.visible` result set.

Is it possible to have a scope as I&#39;ve mentioned above which will properly join on the `User` instance? If not, can someone recommend a solution to this?

Scope with join on :has_many :through association

I was trying to use [Thin][1] app server and had one issue.

When nginx [proxies][2] the request to Thin (or Unicorn) using `proxy_pass http://my_app_upstream;` the application receives the modified URL sent by nginx (`http://my_app_upstream`). 

What I want is to pass the original URL and the original request from client with no modification as the app relies heavily on it.

The nginx&#39; [doc][2] says:

&gt; If it is necessary to transmit URI in
&gt; the unprocessed form then directive
&gt; proxy_pass should be used without URI
&gt; part.

But I don&#39;t understand how exactly to configure that as the related sample is actually using URI:


    location  /some/path/ {
      proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
    }


So could you please help me figuring out how to **preserve the original request URL** from the client?


  [1]: http://code.macournoyer.com/thin/
  [2]: http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpProxyModule#proxy_pass

How to preserve request url with nginx proxy_pass

If I already have a hash, can I make it so that 

    h[:foo]
    h[&#39;foo&#39;]

are the same?  (is this called indifferent access?)

The details:  I loaded this hash using the following in `initializers` but probably shouldn&#39;t make a difference:

    SETTINGS = YAML.load_file(&quot;#{RAILS_ROOT}/config/settings.yml&quot;)

If I have a hash in Ruby on Rails, is there a way to make it indifferent access?

I have this configuration:

    development:
      adapter: mysql2
      encoding: utf8
      database: my_db_name
      username: root
      password: my_password
      host: mysql://127.0.0.1:3306

And I am getting this error:

    Unknown MySQL server host &#39;mysql://127.0.0.1:3306&#39; (1)

Is there something obvious that I am doing incorrectly? 

Correct MySQL configuration for Ruby on Rails Database.yml file

I have the following array 

    cities = [&quot;Kathmandu&quot;, &quot;Pokhara&quot;, &quot;&quot;, &quot;Dharan&quot;, &quot;Butwal&quot;]

I want to remove blank elements from the array and want the following result:

    cities = [&quot;Kathmandu&quot;, &quot;Pokhara&quot;, &quot;Dharan&quot;, &quot;Butwal&quot;]

Is there any method like `compact` that will do it without loops? 

How do I remove blank elements from an array?

What are Ruby variables preceded with double at signs (`@@`)? My understanding of a variable preceded with an at sign is that it is an instance variable, like this in PHP:

PHP version

    class Person {
    
        public $name;

        public function setName($name) {
            $this-&gt;name = $name;
        }
    
        public function getName() {
            return $this-&gt;name;
        }
    }

Ruby equivalent

    class Person

        def set_name(name)
            @name = name
        end

        def get_name()
            @name
        end
    end

What does the double at sign `@@` mean, and how does it differ from a single at sign?

Content Type	Original Author	Original Content on Stackoverflow
Question	rails101	View Question on Stackoverflow
Solution 1 - Ruby on-Rails	chadoh	View Answer on Stackoverflow
Solution 2 - Ruby on-Rails	Adrian Serafin	View Answer on Stackoverflow

How to get request referer path?

Ruby on-Rails Problem Overview

Ruby on-Rails Solutions

Solution 1 - Ruby on-Rails

Solution 2 - Ruby on-Rails

What is the purpose of nameidentifier claim?

How do I get DOUBLE_MAX?

Attributions